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91.
Hideki Iwano Tohru Danhara Takashi Yuguchi Takafumi Hirata Masatsugu Ogasawara 《地学学报》2019,31(3):247-256
Anorthositic series apatites of the Duluth Complex, Minnesota, USA, have high spontaneous fission‐track densities of up to ~107 cm–2 and a homogeneous age of ~900 Ma, allowing high‐precision fission‐track dating based on LA–ICP–MS U analysis. Absolute fission‐track dating, track‐length measurement and chemical composition analysis were performed to evaluate a cooling history, which is essential for age reference materials. Preliminary inverse modelling for a sample with a shortened track‐length distribution yielded a monotonic cooling history from ~100°C at 925 Ma. The apatites incur an over‐etching problem when employing the commonly used etching protocol involving 5.5 M HNO3. 相似文献
92.
为了解2021-09-16四川泸县MS6.0地震的发震机理,加强对四川盆地内地震活动性的认识,基于四川及周边地区地震台网的宽频带地震资料,利用CAP方法反演获得泸县地震的震源机制解和矩心深度;同时,基于震前四川盆地内155个震源机制解,利用MSATSI程序反演得到泸县地震震前四川盆地内的构造应力场。结果显示,泸县地震矩心深度为3 km,矩震级为MW5.3,滑动性质为纯逆冲。震中附近震前构造应力最大主压应力和中间主压应力都近乎水平,最大主压应力在震中附近走向101°,此构造应力状态下,优势滑动断层为纯逆冲性质,与泸县地震震源机制一致。根据震源位置和性质、震前构造应力场及震中附近的断层性质推测,泸县地震发震断层不是华蓥山断裂,而是其分支和余脉之间极浅的盖层滑脱型断层。 相似文献
93.
基于河北区域数字地震台网资料,采用CAP波形反演方法计算2020-07-12唐山MS5.1地震的震源机制解,同时采用sPL深度震相方法对震源深度进行精确测定。结果显示,唐山MS5.1地震震源机制解节面Ⅰ走向143°、倾角83°、滑动角-14°,节面Ⅱ走向235°、倾角76°、滑动角-173°;sPL深度震相方法测定的主震震源深度为14 km,与CAP波形反演方法的计算结果一致。结合地震序列分布特征、等震线形态、区域地质构造及深地震反射剖面等资料分析认为,节面Ⅱ为发震断层面,并推测此次地震的发震断层为唐山-古冶断裂。 相似文献
94.
95.
M. F. Wolfe H. E. Olsen K. A. Gasuad R. S. Tjeerdema M. L. Sowby 《Marine environmental research》1999,47(5):517
Adaptation to sublethal exposure to crude oil by phytoplankton is poorly understood. Use of chemical dispersants for oil spill remediation increases petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in water, while exposing marine organisms to potentially toxic concentrations of dispersant. Heat shock proteins (hsps) have been found to serve as an adaptive and protective mechanism against environmental stresses. The objective of this project was to examine the induction of hsps in Isochrysis galbana, a golden-brown algae, following exposure to the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) of Prudhoe Bay crude oil (PBCO) and PBCO chemically dispersed with Corexit 9527® (dispersed oil: DO). Initial experiments using 35S-labeled amino acids and 2-dimensional electrophoresis with subsequent western blotting identified and confirmed hsp60, a member of the chaperonin family of stress proteins, as being efficiently induced by heat shock in this species. One-dimensional SDS PAGE and western blotting, with hsp60 antibodies and chemiluminesence detection, were used to quantitate hsp60 following exposure to a range of environmental temperatures and concentrations of WAF and DO preparations. I. galbana cultured in 22 parts per thousand (‰) salinity showed a statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in hsp60 after exposure to 25, 30, and 35°C for 1 h compared to controls (20°C), while 34‰ cultures showed no significant increase in hsp60 with increasing temperature. Cultures (22 and 34‰) exposed to varying doses of WAF and DO exhibited statistically significant (p<0.05) increases in levels of hsp60 in all cases. A dose-related response was observed in all exposures (r2≥0.90) with the exception of 34‰ WAF. In independent exposures, a dose-related hsp60 response to naphthalene, a relatively abundant water-soluble aromatic hydrocarbon, was observed in both 22 and 34‰ cultures. Results of this study are consistent with previous studies in other species documenting increases in hsp60 levels with exposure to xenobiotics. Further studies are investigating the protective function of hsp60 against the toxic effects of exposure to WAF and DO preparations. 相似文献
96.
本文报道了辽东半岛古元古代胶—辽—吉活动带内辽河群变质火山岩和辽吉花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和地球化学数据。变质安山岩的锆石具典型的岩浆振荡环带结构和较高的Th/U值(0.5),锆石U-Pb年龄为(2 182±6)Ma和(2 229±22)Ma,该年龄可代表安山岩的形成年龄。辽吉花岗岩的锆石同样具有典型的岩浆振荡环带结构和较高的Th/U值(0.3),锆石U-Pb年龄为(2 199±10)Ma,代表花岗岩的侵位时代,在误差范围内与辽河群火山岩喷发时代一致,表明辽吉花岗岩并不是辽河群的基底,二者可能为同一次岩浆作用过程的产物。辽东半岛~2.2Ga岩浆事件的识别及性质,对于正确认识古元古代胶—辽—吉活动带的属性至关重要。结合前人有关辽东半岛前寒武纪岩石的研究成果,本文研究认为胶—辽—吉活动带的形成演化可能与弧-陆碰撞有关。 相似文献
97.
本文对1983年山东菏5.9级地震震中周围200km范围内8口井17个测地下流体观测资料,采用地下流体群体异常演化层次跟踪法,对菏治5.9级地震进行了中期,短期和短临三个时间尺度的震情预测, 相似文献
98.
Isotopic analysis by compound specific gas chromatography–isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC–IRMS) is used to detect and characterize petroleum pollution in surficial sediments along the St Lawrence River, near Quebec City. Unusually mature n-alkane distributions have been found in some recent intertidal sediments in the region. GC–IRMS results suggest that the n-alkanes are not derived from indigenous organic sources because they carry δ13C values between −30.0 and −27.0‰, as well as very small isotopic differences between odd and even numbered n-alkanes, which are both typically associated with petroleum products. Comparison of these sediments with bunker fuel, an oil used in the shipping industry, has shown a close isotopic correlation in some sites, which is further supported by biomarkers. Overall, the contamination has been dispersed along the river but is generally localized around the industrial region where hydrocarbon transfer from shore storage to ships takes place. This study illustrates how GC–IRMS can be used effectively in the detection and characterization of petroleum pollutants in sediments. 相似文献
99.
Whether the September 5, 2022, Luding MS6.8 earthquake is an ‘expected’ event in the context of earthquake forecast? This commentary discusses this issue mainly using the recently proposed ‘earthquake nowcasting’ approach. 相似文献
100.
《国际泥沙研究》2023,38(5):739-753
Soil erosion is a significant threat in the Rif region in northern Morocco. Hence, accurate cartography of the phenomenon, magnitude, and extent of erosion in the area needs a simple, rapid, and economical method such as magnetic susceptibility (MS). The current study aims to: (i) determine the factors influencing the variation of soil MS, (ii) exploit MS to estimate soil loss using two approaches in different homogenous units characterized by the same climatic conditions with different edaphic characteristics (land use, slope, and lithology), and (iii) highlight the potential for using MS as a cheap and rapid tracer of a long term erosion and deposition processes. Mass-specific magnetic susceptibility at low (χlf) and high (χhf) frequencies were measured for 182 soil samples collected in the study area. A tillage homogenization (T-H) model and a simple proportional model (SPM) were applied on an undisturbed soil profile to predict the eroded soil depths for given cores. The results confirm that χlf is influenced by land use, slope, and soil type. Pedogenesis is the main factor affecting soil MS enhancement, indicated by homogenous magnetic mineralogy with a dominance of super-paramagnetic (SP) and stable single domain (SSD) magnetic grains. The study results show that higher soil losses have occurred in almost all the soil samples when applying the T-H model compared to application of the SPM. The SPM underestimates erosion due to its ignorance of the MS of the plow layers after erosion. The current study implies the high efficacy of magnetic susceptibility as the quick, easily measurable, simple, and cost-effective approach that can be used as an alternative technique for evaluating soil redistribution. 相似文献