湖北省保康磷矿区开采面及固体废弃物遥感信息提取方法研究     

杨强  张志 《国土资源遥感》2009,(2):87-90

统计分析了湖北保康磷矿区有关目标地物(道路、建筑物、坡耕地、植被、水体及阴影等)的SPOT 5影像特征,认为它们具有一定相似性和差异性,依赖单一的遥感分类方法难以实现对矿区开采面及固体废弃物信息的准确提取.采用决策树分类方法,设置一定的分类规则,结合数字高程模型和含矿地层等相关辅助数据,逐一对矿区相关地物进行分类,经分类结果后处理,分类精度达83.4%.  相似文献   

基于形状先验和图割的高分辨率遥感影像道路提取   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

周绍光陈超  岳建平 《测绘学报》2014,43(1):60-65

给出一种从高分辨率遥感影像中提取道路的方法。先对遥感影像进行滤波预处理获取纹理特征;再以图割解算经典能量函数获取道路图斑,其中利用高斯混合模型构建T链;接着利用直线匹配法获得初始道路段;最后用图割解算融合了两种形状先验的能量函数,结合动态外推的思路连接道路段。对不同遥感影像的实验证明了算法的有效性。  相似文献   

Shape数据模型的研究与实践     

于彩霞  黄文骞  郭立新 《测绘工程》2007,16(2):39-42

对应用较为广泛的Shape数据模型进行分析和研究,并且针对一幅全要素海图由于数据量大的原因导致读取和图形显示速度慢的问题,在实践中采用快速读取内存的方法,实现了数字海图的快速读取及显示,并且同以往循环读取方法进行了比较.  相似文献   

Performance of shape indices and classification schemes for characterising perceptual shape complexity of building footprints in GIS     

Melih Basaraner  Sinan Cetinkaya 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(10):1952-1977

Shape characterisation is important in many fields dealing with spatial data. For this purpose, numerous shape analysis and recognition methods with different degrees of complexity have so far been developed. Among them, relatively simple indices are widely used in spatial applications, but their performance has not been investigated sufficiently, particularly for building footprints (BFs). Therefore, this article focuses on BF shape characterisation with shape indices and classification schemes in a GIS environment. This study consists of four phases. In the first phase, the criteria for BF shape complexity were identified, and accordingly, benchmark data was constructed by human experts in three shape complexity categories. In the second phase, 18 shape indices were selected from the literature and automatically computed in GIS. The performance of these indices was then statistically assessed with histograms, correlation matrix and boxplots, and consequently four indices were found to be appropriate for further investigation. In the third phase, two new indices (Equivalent Rectangular index and Roughness index) were proposed with the objective to measure some BF shape characteristics more efficiently. The proposed indices also were found to be appropriate with the same statistical assessment procedures. In the final phase, BF shape complexity categories were created with the pairs of six appropriate indices and four choropleth mapping classification schemes (equal intervals, natural break, standard deviation, and custom) in GIS. The performance of the index–scheme pairs was assessed against the benchmark data. The findings demonstrated that both new indices and two of the selected indices (Convexity and Rectangularity) delivered higher performance. The custom classification scheme was found more ideal to reveal absolute shape complexity with the index value ranges derived from the boxplots while the other classification schemes were more appropriate to reveal relative shape complexity.  相似文献   

2.5D direct‐current resistivity forward modelling and inversion by finite‐element–infinite‐element coupled method          下载免费PDF全文

Yuan Yuan  Jianke Qiang  Jingtian Tang  Zhengyong Ren  Xiao Xiao 《Geophysical Prospecting》2016,64(3):767-779

To reduce the numerical errors arising from the improper enforcement of the artificial boundary conditions on the distant surface that encloses the underground part of the subsurface, we present a finite‐element–infinite‐element coupled method to significantly reduce the computation time and memory cost in the 2.5D direct‐current resistivity inversion. We first present the boundary value problem of the secondary potential. Then, a new type of infinite element is analysed and applied to replace the conventionally used mixed boundary condition on the distant boundary. In the internal domain, a standard finite‐element method is used to derive the final system of linear equations. With a novel shape function for infinite elements at the subsurface boundary, the final system matrix is sparse, symmetric, and independent of source electrodes. Through lower upper decomposition, the multi‐pole potentials can be swiftly obtained by simple back‐substitutions. We embed the newly developed forward solution to the inversion procedure. To compute the sensitivity matrix, we adopt the efficient adjoint equation approach to further reduce the computation cost. Finally, several synthetic examples are tested to show the efficiency of inversion.  相似文献   

基本结构有限元算法及大地电磁测深一维连续介质正演   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

陈小斌  赵国泽 《地球物理学报》2004,47(3):535-541

提出了一种新的数值方法——基本结构有限元法. 从经典的伽辽金法（Galerkin method）出发,首先定义了基本结构插值基函数,在此基础上建立了基本结构方程,然后用有限元法进行进一步的具体实现. 该算法被成功应用到大地电磁测深一维连续介质正演计算中. 采用了6种不同的单元插值基函数进行计算,并对计算结果进行了比较和分析.  相似文献   

太原基准地震台地电阻率干扰形态特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈常俊  张建增  郭国祥  沈晓松  魏锦龙 《山西地震》2012,(2):9-11,17

分析太原基准地震台2001年至2011年地电阻率观测中常见干扰因素,着重分析因不同干扰引起的图像变化特征,并就存在的问题提出合理化改进建议,力求对观测场地的选择、线路架设、资料分析、异常的判断及地震预测预报具有一定指导意义。  相似文献   

Application of Fractal Models to Distinguish between Different Mineral Phases     

Renguang Zuo  Qiuming Cheng  Qinglin Xia  F. P. Agterberg 《Mathematical Geosciences》2009,41(1):71-80

Fractal modeling is demonstrated to be an effective and rapid tool to distinguish between mineral phases in rock samples. It supplements work that previously could be performed only by observing the interpenetrational or metasomatic phenomena between different minerals with the aid of mineralographic microscope. The Gejiu tin district in southwestern China was chosen as a study area for the recognition and characterization of the spatial distribution of two phases (Types I and II) of cassiterite. Vector patterns used for this study were extracted from digital photomicrographs and analyzed with the aid of MapGIS. Perimeter–area fractal dimension, cumulative number–area exponent, and shape index were determined in order to quantify geometrical irregularities and spatial cassiterite phase distribution characteristics. The results show that fractal dimensions based on area and perimeter are larger for crystals of Type I than for those of Type II. The mean shape index (SI) increases from 0.54 (Type I) to 0.64 (Type II), indicating an increase in regularity. The number–area exponent also increases from 0.88 to 1.15, indicating the smaller crystals of Type II. The cumulative number–shape index log–log plot shows two separate straight-line segments. One of these probably represents a background shape realized during the original process of natural crystallization, whereas the other likely represents anomalous shapes because of weathering or other superimposed processes. Two parallel lines can be constructed on the perimeter–area log–log plots. The upper line, with a larger intercept, represents crystals with lower SI. The lower line represents crystals with higher SI, indicating that the intercept provides a measure of the irregularity of grains. By combining the perimeter–area model with cumulative number–area plot and shape index, the two phases of cassiterite can be distinguished and characterized. One phase has fewer crystals of large size, and the other has smaller crystals. This difference can be explained by assuming that under higher-temperature conditions, the large cassiterite crystals formed earlier than the smaller crystals. Consequently, the large cassiterites underwent longer, high-intensive weathering than the small crystals so that their shapes became more irregular. The younger, more abundant small cassiterites retained their original regular shapes.  相似文献   

铁磁形状记忆合金研究进展与展望（Ⅲ）：应用研究     

李爱群  陈鑫  左晓宝 《地震学刊》2011,(3):233-240

阐述了铁磁形状记忆合金（Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy,简写为FSMA）在智能材料及其应用领域的优越性。重点介绍了FSMA装置研发和基于FSMA装置的体系分析理论的发展历程和研究现状。仔细分析了各种FSMA装置频率、输出力和最大位移等关键技术指标,讨论了基于电磁学、热力学和力学原理的包含FSMA装置体系的分析理论,指出了各自在面向应用时存在的问题。研究表明,FSMA独特的性能使其具有广阔的应用前景,然而在装置研发和系统理论领域还有待深入。最后指出,更广领域的新型FSMA装置和基于FSMA装置的体系分析理论等问题还有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

前期风场控制的太湖北部湖湾水动力及对蓝藻水华影响   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1  

吴挺峰  朱广伟  秦伯强  丁艳青  吴善锋 《湖泊科学》2012,24(3):409-415

为明确前期风场对太湖北部湖湾水动力及蓝藻水华分布的影响,对2008年9月梅梁湾及贡湖湾水文、水质及气象开展了同步观测,结果表明:受前期东北风影响,梅梁湾及贡湖湾表层、中层及底层湖流流向均顺风向自湾内流向湾外,两个湖湾均不存在补偿流.表层湖流对风场变化响应敏感,而中场及底层流场对风场变化响应存在显著滞时.在偏南风作用下,梅梁湾表层湖流能快速形成顺时针环流.在偏西风作用下,贡湖湾表层湖流流向虽未发生偏转,但是湖流流速显著减小并导致流速沿水体垂向呈递增分布.观测期间水动力强度对太湖北部湖区叶绿素a浓度垂向分层及蓝藻水华水平漂移均具有重要影响.在水动力滞缓水域,蓝藻水华易在水表发生漂移堆积.在水动力强度较大水域,强烈的垂向混合作用能使蓝藻沿水深方向混合均匀,降低水华暴发风险.相对于水动力条件,营养盐对叶绿素a浓度空间分布的影响较弱.  相似文献