Optimal design of two-dimensional wings in ground effect using multi-objective genetic algorithm     

Kyoungwoo Park  Juhee Lee 《Ocean Engineering》2010,37(10):902-912

The shape optimization of the 2-dimensional wing in ground effect (WIG) has been performed by the integration of CFD (computational fluid dynamics) and MOGA (multi-objective genetic algorithm). Because of the trade-off between the aerodynamic forces and the height stability, it is difficult to satisfy the design requirements of efficiency and stability at the same time. In this study, the lift coefficient, the lift-drag ratio and the static height stability are chosen as the objective functions to obtain the optimal wing profiles of a WIG craft. An NACA0015 airfoil is used for the baseline model; the aerodynamic characteristics of the base model are compared with that of the optimal solutions. The profile of the airfoil is constructed by four Bezier curves with fourteen control points resulting in the eighteen coordinates, which are adopted as the design variables. The optimal solutions of the multi-objective optimization are not unique but a set of the non-dominated optima: the Pareto frontiers or a Pareto set. As the results of the multi-objective optimization, the forty Pareto optima, which include high-lift, high-efficiency, and more stable airfoils on the edge of the 3-dimensional objective space, are obtained at thirty evolutions of the generation.  相似文献   

Static bay beach concept for scientists and engineers: A review     

John R.-C. Hsu  M.-J. Yu  F.-C. Lee  Lindino Benedet 《Coastal Engineering》2010

Headland-bay beach (HBB) is one of the most prominent physiographic features on the oceanic margin of many countries in the world. Under the influence of a predominant swell, its curved periphery in natural environment may reach static equilibrium and remains stable without sediment supply from updrift and/or a riverain source within its own embayment. Coastal scientists and engineers have attempted to develop mathematical expressions to quantify this ideal bay shape since the 1940s. As the scenario with depleting sediment supply has become a common reality on many parts of the world coastline in more recent time, some coastal engineers have advocated a rational approach to mimicking the static bay shape found in nature in order to mitigate beach erosion as well as for coastal management. Nowadays, many useful applications have emerged since the publication of the parabolic bay shape equation (PBSE) developed for static equilibrium planform (SEP) in late 1980s. The advance in modern computer technologies and international collaboration has further facilitated the exchange of knowledge and applications of this static bay beach concept (SBBC).  相似文献   

Static performance of power-augmented ram vehicle model on water   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Konstantin I. Matveev  Ryan K. Soderlund 《Ocean Engineering》2008,35(10):1060-1065

An experimental parametric study of a novel air-assisted platform-type model called power-augmented ram vehicle is described. The zero-speed regimes of the model over the water are investigated. The recovered thrust, pressure underneath the platform, and the model attitude are recorded for variable system geometry, loading conditions, and propulsor thrust. The stern flap under the model platform provides an effective mechanism for controlling the thrust recovery and the air-jet-induced lift. Unstable behavior of the model is found at sufficiently high levels of the propulsor thrust.  相似文献   

1987年El Nino后期（9—11月）西太平洋大气静力能的收支     

马柱国  姚兰昌 《高原气象》1992,11(1):66-72

本文利用中科院1987年西太平洋考察资料和中央气象局出版的太平洋、大西洋资料反演出了一套利用温度和高度求算湿度的方法。通过该方法并利用美国国家气象中心的KWBC(5°N×5°S网格点资料)的温度和高度资料,计算了1987年厄尔尼诺期间9—11月西太平洋海域(0—30°N,120—170°E)大气静力能量的变化及其与周围的交换。结果表明,在这个时期,该区域上空大气是强的能源区,区域向周围输出能量。  相似文献   

Chanchu台风(0601)流出层的低理查森数特征分析     

吴天贻  王咏青  周玉淑 《大气科学》2017,41(5):1101-1112

对流层高层存在流出层是台风环流结构的一个典型特征,但是关于台风流出层层结及不稳定特征的分析相对较少。本文利用了非静力中尺度WRF模式输出的0601号Chanchu台风的模式模拟资料,以Ri(理查森数) < 1为判据,分析了存在于Chanchu台风流出层的低理查森数,以及它的分布特征与形成原因。分析表明,在Chanchu台风流出层10~16 km高度附近,低理查森数出现频率较大,甚至达到湍流标准,这与Emmanuel(2011) 推测得出的结论一致。通过对比台风发展过程发生、发展、成熟和消亡阶段流出层低理查森数的状况,发现低理查森数的出现频率与Chanchu台风强度有较好的对应关系,即Chanchu台风强度越强,低理查森数出现的频率越高,范围也越大,同时,Chanchu流出层的低理查森数的存在及分布特征受到水平风的垂直切变和稳定度影响。在Chanchu台风强度缓变过程中,低理查森数的分布还存在日变化,这与太阳辐射日变化导致的辐射加热和冷却造成的稳定度变化有关。分析揭示出存在于Chanchu台风流出层的低理查森数层的结构特征,也验证了低理查森数层对Chanchu台风的强度和辐射日变化具有敏感性。  相似文献   

伶仃洋N,P静态环境容量的研究     

饶开燕  古秋森  黎夏  万肇忠 《海洋科学》1991,15(3):49-52

本文利用陆地卫星影象具有水陆边界清晰和多时相等优点,计算出伶仃洋枯、平、丰水期的水容量。结合实地采样分析,推算出伶仃洋从上界各口门排入的N,P输送量,和从伶仃洋输出南海的N,P通量;估算出伶仃洋的N,P静态容量,为伶仃洋水环境的治理和资源开发利用的环境保护规划提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Static scalar-tensor universes and gravitational waves’ amplification     

Marcelo S. Berman 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2009,323(1):99-102

We study several static models of the Universe, along with scalar-tensor gravity. Lambda-Universes arise naturally in this framework.   相似文献   

Effect of tropospheric temperature change on the zonal mean circulation and SH winter extratropical cyclones   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Eun-Pa Lim  Ian Simmonds 《Climate Dynamics》2009,33(1):19-32

This study aims to understand the mechanisms which cause an overall reduction of SH extratropical cyclone activity with a slight increase in the high latitudes in a warmer climate simulated in general circulation models (GCMs) with increasing CO₂. For this purpose, we conducted idealized model experiments by forcing warm temperature anomalies to the areas where climate change models exhibit local maximum warming—the tropics in the upper troposphere and the polar regions in the lower troposphere—simultaneously and separately. The Melbourne University atmospheric GCM (R21) coupled with prescribed SST was utilized for the experiments. Our results demonstrate that the reduction of SH extratropical cyclone frequency and depth in the midlatitudes but the slight increase in the high latitudes suggested in climate change models result essentially from the tropical upper tropospheric warming. With this tropical warming, the enhanced static stability which decreases baroclinicity in the low and midlatitudes turns out to be a major contributor to the decrease of cyclone activity equatorward of 45°S whereas the increased meridional temperature gradient in the high latitudes seems an important mechanism for the increase of cyclone activity over 50°–60°S.  相似文献   

一维泥石流的静动力阻力特征研究及数值模拟     

樊赟赟  王思敬  王恩志 《工程地质学报》2010,18(6):857-861

泥石流是山区多发的一种地质灾害,它的发生和发展威胁着人们的生命和财产安全,影响着人们的正常生活,因而需要加强对其发生和发展过程的研究。结合泥石流的动力模型方程采用数值模拟方法再现泥石流发生和发展的过程,是研究和预测模拟泥石流灾害的有效手段。目前的动力模型方程大多只关注动力过程,却忽视了静动力过程的统一,这将导致在一些情况下产生错误的结果。本文研究了一维泥石流的静动力阻力特征,通过修正泥石流动力学方程的阻力项,得到了具有静动力统一特征的模型方程。并以Roe格式的近似Riemann解为基础,采用MUSCL线性重构方法建立了具有较高精度和分辨率的有限体积数值求解。具体算例的数值验证表明,方程阻力项的修正是合理的,所建立的数值求解也是稳定和有效的。  相似文献   

油库油料储量的微机实时计量系统     

王安健  罗俊生  徐维新  杨玉清 《测绘学院学报》1994,(3)

本文通过对微机油料计量系统的研制，提出了在油库特殊环境下实现多种信号采集、数字化传输、软件补偿的总体方案，并详细分析了该系统的原理及性能。  相似文献