机载LiDAR点云时间纹理信息航带重叠区消冗     

邹长江  马洪超  张良  巩翼龙  刘清川 《遥感学报》2014,18(6):1208-1216

机载LiDAR获取的完整测区点云数据中包含了丰富的信息,同时也伴随着大量冗余数据,本文提出基于机载LiDAR点云时间纹理信息的航带重叠区消冗方法。首先按点云时间信息划分航带,再按点云纹理信息提取航带边缘,接着提取高地物遮挡空洞,最后去除重叠区冗余数据。实验结果表明,该方法无需航线信息辅助,并能在保留遮挡空洞区域点云的同时,高效地去除航带重叠区中精度较低的点云。  相似文献   

关键点检测的复杂建筑物模型自动重建     

李鹏程  邢帅  徐青  周杨  刘志青  张艳  耿迅 《遥感学报》2014,18(6):1237-1246

利用机载LiDAR点云数据进行建筑物重建是当今摄影测量与遥感领域的一个热点问题,特别是复杂形状建筑物模型的精确自动构建一直是一个难题。本文提出一种基于关键点检测的复杂建筑物模型自动重建方法,采用RANSAC法与距离法相结合的分割方法自动提取建筑物屋顶各个平面的点云,并利用Alpha Shape算法提取出各个平面的精确轮廓,根据屋顶平面之间的空间拓扑关系分析建筑物的公共交线特征,在此特征约束下对提取的初始关键点进行修正,最终重建出精确的建筑物3维模型。选取不同类型复杂建筑物与包含复杂建筑物的城市区域点云进行实验,结果表明该算法具有较强实用价值。  相似文献   

基于TIN渐次加密的LiDAR点云数据滤波     

陈静  陈仁喜 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(11)

传统的滤波算法通常是针对具有连续表面的简单区域来进行,因此带有一定的局限性,且不能解决复杂城区地形准确提取的难题。因此,本文提出了一种改进的基于TIN渐次加密的LiDAR点云数据滤波方法,该方法先对原始点云利用多尺度虚拟网格筛选地面种子点;然后,对种子点构建初始TIN表面,在此基础上进行向上加密;最后,得到的TIN三角网则为真实地形表面。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地滤除建筑物、植被和其他地物,并较好地保持地形特征。  相似文献   

航空瞬变电磁数据一维Occam反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

强建科  李永兴  龙剑波 《物探化探计算技术》2013,35(5)

分析了奥克姆(Occam)反演法的原理和计算方法,并将其应用于时间域航空电磁一维反演中,给出了一种简便的正则化参数搜索方法,对迭代过程进行了改进,大大提高了反演速度,5次迭代约20s。在反演初始模型中,电阻率数据由原始感应电动势数据通过自动迭代法转换而来,深度数据由初始电阻率计算得出。经算例表明,收敛过程中满足拟合差最小的拉格朗日乘子μ值随迭代次数增加而递减;反演过程非常稳定,一般5次迭代至10次迭代就能达到收敛,对低阻层的反演深度和电阻率值都接近真实值,但对高阻层的反演深度和电阻率值误差较大。  相似文献   

Applying regional airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveying to understand the architecture of sandstone-hosted uranium mineral systems in the Callabonna Sub-basin,Lake Frome region,South Australia     

I. C. Roach  S. Jaireth  M. T. Costelloe 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):659-688

The Frome airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey was designed to provide reliable pre-competitive AEM data to aid the search for energy and mineral resources around the Lake Frome region of South Australia. Flown in 2010, a total of 32,317 line kilometres of high-quality airborne geophysical data was collected over an area of 95,450 km² at a flight line spacing mostly of 2.5 km, opening to 5 km spaced lines in the Marree–Strzelecki Desert area to the north. The Lake Frome region hosts a large number of sandstone-hosted uranium deposits with known resources of ～60 000 tonnes of U₃O₈ including the working In Situ Recovery operations at Beverley, Pepegoona, Pannikin and Honeymoon, and deposits at Four Mile East, Four Mile West, Yagdlin, Goulds Dam, Oban, East Kalkaroo, Yarramba and Junction Dam. The aims of the Frome AEM Survey were to map and interpret critical elements of sandstone-hosted uranium mineral systems including basin architecture, paleovalley morphology, sedimentary facies changes, hydrological connections between uranium sources and uranium deposition sites and structures. Interpretations of the data show the utility of regional AEM surveying for mapping crucial elements of sandstone-hosted uranium mineral systems as well as for mapping geological surfaces, structures and depth of cover over a wide area. Data from the Frome AEM Survey allow mineral explorers to put their own high-resolution AEM surveys into a regional context. Survey data were used to map and interpret a range of geological features that are associated with, or control the location of, sandstone-hosted uranium mineral systems and have been used to assess the uranium prospectivity of new areas to the north of the Flinders Ranges.  相似文献   

Aboveground total and green biomass of dryland shrub derived from terrestrial laser scanning     

《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2014

Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), a dominant shrub species in the sagebrush-steppe ecosystem of the western US, is declining from its historical distribution due to feedbacks between climate and land use change, fire, and invasive species. Quantifying aboveground biomass of sagebrush is important for assessing carbon storage and monitoring the presence and distribution of this rapidly changing dryland ecosystem. Models of shrub canopy volume, derived from terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) point clouds, were used to accurately estimate aboveground sagebrush biomass. Ninety-one sagebrush plants were scanned and sampled across three study sites in the Great Basin, USA. Half of the plants were scanned and destructively sampled in the spring (n = 46), while the other half were scanned again in the fall before destructive sampling (n = 45). The latter set of sagebrush plants was scanned during both spring and fall to further test the ability of the TLS to quantify seasonal changes in green biomass. Sagebrush biomass was estimated using both a voxel and a 3-D convex hull approach applied to TLS point cloud data. The 3-D convex hull model estimated total and green biomass more accurately (R² = 0.92 and R² = 0.83, respectively) than the voxel-based method (R² = 0.86 and R² = 0.73, respectively). Seasonal differences in TLS-predicted green biomass were detected at two of the sites (p < 0.001 and p = 0.029), elucidating the amount of ephemeral leaf loss in the face of summer drought. The methods presented herein are directly transferable to other dryland shrubs, and implementation of the convex hull model with similar sagebrush species is straightforward.  相似文献   

A dual quaternion-based,closed-form pairwise registration algorithm for point clouds     

《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2014

The representation of similarity transformation in three-dimensional (3D) space, especially of orientation, is a crucial issue in navigation, geodesy, photogrammetry, robot arm manipulation, etc. Considering the large amount of computer resources required by iterative algorithms designed for spatial similarity transformation, the high dependence on initial values of unknown parameters, and the instability of solving transformation parameters for large-angle registration, a closed-form solution for pairwise light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point cloud registration is proposed. In this solution, dual-number quaternions are used to represent the 3D rotation. The relationship between the rotation matrix-based representation of similarity transformation and the dual quaternion-based representation is described first. Considering that the same features from two neighboring stations coincide after pairwise registration, a dual quaternion-based error norm, which is associated with the sum of the position errors, is constructed. Based on theory of least squares and by extreme value analysis of the error norm, detailed derivations of the model and the main formulas are obtained. Once the similarities between the same features from the two neighboring LiDAR stations are constructed, the rotation matrix, the scale parameter, and the translation vector are simultaneously derived. Two experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm has the advantages of simplicity and ease of implementation, making it better than the traditional methods that use matrices to describe spatial rotation. Moreover, it solves the transformation parameters without the initial estimates of unknown parameters, making it better than iterative algorithms. Most importantly, in contrast to unit quaternion-based algorithms, the proposed algorithm solves seven unknown parameters simultaneously. Therefore, it effectively avoids the accumulation of introduced error in calculation and the negative impact from the inappropriate choice of initial values.  相似文献   

A hybrid framework for single tree detection from airborne laser scanning data: A case study in temperate mature coniferous forests in Ontario,Canada     

《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2014

This study presents a hybrid framework for single tree detection from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data by integrating low-level image processing techniques into a high-level probabilistic framework. The proposed approach modeled tree crowns in a forest plot as a configuration of circular objects. We took advantage of low-level image processing techniques to generate candidate configurations from the canopy height model (CHM): the treetop positions were sampled within the over-extracted local maxima via local maxima filtering, and the crown sizes were derived from marker-controlled watershed segmentation using corresponding treetops as markers. The configuration containing the best possible set of detected tree objects was estimated by a global optimization solver. To achieve this, we introduced a Gibbs energy, which contains a data term that judges the fitness of the objects with respect to the data, and a prior term that prevents severe overlapping between tree crowns on the configuration space. The energy was then embedded into a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) dynamics coupled with a simulated annealing to find its global minimum. In this research, we also proposed a Monte Carlo-based sampling method for parameter estimation. We tested the method on a temperate mature coniferous forest in Ontario, Canada and also on simulated coniferous forest plots with different degrees of crown overlap. The experimental results showed the effectiveness of our proposed method, which was capable of reducing the commission errors produced by local maxima filtering, thus increasing the overall detection accuracy by approximately 10% on all of the datasets.  相似文献   

海空重力测量技术进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

宁津生  黄谟涛  欧阳永忠  邓凯亮 《海洋测绘》2014,(3):67-72

简要分析了现有三类重力测量技术手段整体发展状况及其特点,全面阐述了国际、国内海空重力测量技术的起步、发展与现状,综述了国内外主要海空重力仪的性能技术指标,介绍了国内海空重力测量系统研制与试验情况。  相似文献   

航空重力测量中FIR滤波与高斯滤波的比较          下载免费PDF全文

李宜龙  曾敏  孙科  罗吉 《海洋测绘》2014,34(6):40-42

数字滤波器是影响航空重力测量数据处理成果质量的关键技术之一。分析比较了布莱克曼窗函数滤波和高斯滤波的特点,并利用实测数据对各类滤波器的性能进行了实际验证。结果表明,航空重力测量数据处理中高斯滤波和布莱克曼滤波的精度相当,高斯滤波略优,表明高斯滤波器同样适用于航空重力数据的滤波处理。  相似文献