GPS精密定位中的海潮位移改正   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑档  伍吉仓  王解先  顾国华 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(4):405-408,421

根据海洋负荷潮理论，利用NAO99b全球海潮模型，计算了中国部分IGS站的海潮位移改正，并将海潮位移改正应用到GPS数据处理当中。在GAMIT软件的解算过程中，分别按加入和不加入海潮位移改正，对GPS基线分量和测站坐标分别进行了计算和比较分析。结果表明，海潮位移改正无论是对GPS基线分量还是对测站坐标，都有一定的影响。  相似文献   

基于人工神经网络的赤潮卫星遥感方法研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

楼琇林  黄韦艮 《遥感学报》2003,7(2):125-130

根据赤潮的卫星遥感探测机理，应用人工神经网络技术，建立和利用NOAA AVHRR可见光和热红外波段遥感数据的BP神经网络赤潮信息提取模型。应用实例显示。基于该人工神经网络方法可以提取赤潮发生地点和范围等信息，赤潮探测正确率达到78.5%。研究结果表明，应用人工神经网络方法提取赤潮信息是可行的。本文中建立的BP赤潮信息提取模型适当修改后可移植应用于其它传感器遥感数据进行赤潮信息提取。  相似文献   

无验潮模式下的GPS水下地形测量技术   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

马小计  何义斌  赵建虎 《测绘科学》2003,28(2):29-30,34

传统的水下地形测量模式定型于利用GPS测定水底点的平面位置,利用测深仪测定水底点的深度,附之以瞬时潮位资料,获得点位的高程。这种模式在上述条件具备的情况下,可取得完满的结果。但当验潮条件不具备时,该模式将不能获得测点的高程。为了弥补这一缺陷,简化工作流程,提高水下地形测量的精度,本文提出了一种无验潮模式下的水下地形测量思想,该思想不用专门测定潮位,而直接利用GPS的RTK测量技术,辅之以姿态测量和补偿,从而获得高精度的水底点高程。该方法被验证是正确的,希望进一步推广应用。  相似文献   

Quantifying Storm Tide Risk in Cairns   总被引：6，自引：5，他引：6  

Ken Granger 《Natural Hazards》2003,30(2):165-185

The United Nations International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR)gave rise to an increasing level of attention to the risks posed by a range of naturalhazards and the development of strategies by which to reduce those risks. It waswidely recognised that in order to evaluate risk treatment strategies it was necessaryto `measure' the level of risk that already existed and the level of risk that would beencountered with the treatment strategy(s) in place.This paper outlines the methodology developed under the AGSO (now GeoscienceAustralia) Cities Project to quantify the risk associated with storm tide inundation. It includes the methodology for `measuring' the level of community exposure to storm tide hazards and the methodology for `measuring' community vulnerability. The Far North Queensland city of Cairns is used as the case study to demonstrate the application of these methods.  相似文献   

Paleoclimate Changes during the Early Oiigocene in the Hoh Xil Region, Northern Tibetan Plateau     

LIUZhifei WANGChengshan AlainTRENTESAUX ZHAOXixi YIHaisheng HUXiumian JINWei 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(4):504-513

Sedimentological, cyclic-stratigraphic, paleomagnetic, and clay-mineralogical studies on the early Oligocene Yaxicuo Group in the Hoh Xil Basin, the largest Cenozoic sedimentary basin in the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau, provide abundant information of paleoclimate changes. A 350-m thick section in the middle-lower Yaxicuo Group was analyzed to reveal the climatic history that occurred in the Hoh Xil region during the early Oligocene interval 31.30-30.35 Ma, dated with the paleomagnetic chronostratigraphy. The results indicate that add and cold climate dominated the Hoh Xil region during the early Oligocene in general, being related to the global cooling and drying events that occurred in the earliest Oligocene. Within this period, relatively warm and wet climate accompanied by strong tectonic activity occurred in the 31.05-30.75 Ma interval; while add and cold climate and relatively inactive tectonics occurred in the 31.30-31.05 and 30.75-30.35 Ma intervals. Furthermore, spectral analyses of high-temporal resolution paleoclimatic records show orbital periods including eccentricity, obliquity, and precession. It is concluded that paleoclimate changes during the early Oligocene in the Hoh Xil region were forced by both tectonic activity and orbital periods.  相似文献   

井孔变径与井水位的固体潮效应          下载免费PDF全文

王尤培  王晓闽 《地震地质》1997,19(3):90-287

根据多孔介质渗流理论和弹性理论，在井孔变径条件下，得出水井含水层系统对潮汐信号响应的偏微分方程，认为井径变化相当于改变了井水柱的有效高度，从而影响了水井含水层系统的固有振动周期。分析了井孔变径对潮汐信号响应的周期特征，认为当含水层水体很大（含水层水平面积比井孔面积大得多），且含水层的渗透系数也很大的条件下，井径变化对井水位固体潮响应幅度影响很小  相似文献   

Earth tide of ground tilt at stations of Qianxian and Xi’an and its tectonic explanation     

Hui-Ling Zhang 《地震学报(英文版)》1997,10(2):273-277

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Assimilating data into open ocean tidal models     

Gennady A. Kivman 《Surveys in Geophysics》1997,18(6):621-643

The problem of deriving tidal fields from observations by reason of incompleteness and imperfectness of every data set practically available has an infinitely large number of allowable solutions fitting the data within measurement errors and hence can be treated as ill-posed. Therefore, interpolating the data always relies on some a priori assumptions concerning the tides, which provide a rule of sampling or, in other words, a regularization of the ill-posed problem. Data assimilation procedures used in large scale tide modeling are viewed in a common mathematical framework as such regularizations. It is shown that they all (basis functions expansion, parameter estimation, nudging, objective analysis, general inversion, and extended general inversion), including those (objective analysis and general inversion) originally formulated in stochastic terms, may be considered as utilizations of one of the three general methods suggested by the theory of ill-posed problems. The problem of grid refinement critical for inverse methods and nudging is discussed.  相似文献   

Ar/Ar ages of tephras intercalated in astronomically tuned Neogene sedimentary sequences in the eastern Mediterranean     

K.F. Kuiper  F.J. Hilgen  J.R. Wijbrans 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2004,222(2):583-597

We present new ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar data for sanidine and biotite derived from volcanic ash layers that are intercalated in Pliocene and late Miocene astronomically dated sequences in the Mediterranean with the aim to solve existing inconsistencies in the intercalibration between the two independent absolute dating methods. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar sanidine ages are systematically younger by 0.7-2.3% than the astronomical ages for the same ash layers. The significance of the discrepancy disappears except for the upper Ptolemais ashes, which reveal the largest difference, if an improved full error propagation method is applied to calculate the absolute error in the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages. The total variance is dominated by that of the activity of the decay of ⁴⁰K to ⁴⁰Ar (∼70%) and that the amount of radiogenic ⁴⁰Ar_p in the primary standard GA1550 biotite (∼15%). If the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages are calculated relative to an astronomically dated standard, the influence of these parameters is greatly reduced, resulting in a more reliable age and in a significant reduction of the error in ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating.Astronomically calibrated ages for Taylor Creek Rhyolite (TCR) and Fish Canyon Tuff (FCT) sanidine are 28.53±0.02 and 28.21±0.04 Ma (±1 S.E.), respectively, if we start from the more reliable results of the Cretan A1 ash layer. The most likely explanation for the large discrepancy found for the younger Ptolemais ash layers (equivalent to FCT of 28.61 Ma) is an error in the tuning of this part of the sequence.  相似文献   

Maximum Storm Surge Curve Due to Global Warming for the European North Sea Region During the 20th–21st Century     

Gönnert  Gabriele 《Natural Hazards》2004,32(2):211-218

Computations of storm surges during the 20th century needs to incorporate globalwarming of about 0.6 °C ± 0.2 °C (IPCC, 2001). In order totake this global warming into consideration, the development of all storm surgesoccurred during the 20th century have been analysed. The study comprises determiningto what degree the storm surge curve and storm surge level depend on each other. Thisfact can be used to calculate a maximum storm surge curve and each single storm surgeevent can be summarised. The tendency of the surge and wind parameters do not showthat this maximum storm surge levels in the 20th century will occur earlier than predicted, however, the global warming of 0.6 °C will extend the duration of the mean storm surge curve.  相似文献