The Concordia station on the Antarctic plateau: The best site on earth for the 21st century astronomers     

Eric Fossat 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2005,26(2-3):349-357

On the Antarctic plateau, a joint project of French and Italian polar programmes is nearing completion: the Concordia station will be open for winter-over operation in 2005. The high altitude and high latitude of this site, the exceptionally cold, clear and stable atmosphere, its incredible astronomical seeing, the almost indefinitely flat snow surface and the not-so-difficult access make this site the most promising on Earth for future ground-based astronomical projects in various fields, including long term photometry, infrared high sensitivity imaging and high angular resolution and high contrast imaging.  相似文献   

Improvements for group delay fringe tracking     

A. G. Basden  D. F. Buscher 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,357(2):656-668

Group delay fringe tracking using spectrally dispersed fringes is suitable for stabilizing the optical path difference in ground-based astronomical optical interferometers in low light level situations. We discuss the performance of group delay tracking algorithms when the effects of atmospheric dispersion, high-frequency atmospheric temporal phase variations, non-ideal path modulation, non-ideal spectral sampling, and the detection artifacts introduced by electron-multiplying CCDs are taken into account, and we present ways in which the tracking capability can be optimized in the presence of these effects.  相似文献   

New insights into the dust properties of the Taurus molecular cloud TMC-2 and its surroundings     

C. del Burgo  R. J. Laureijs 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,360(3):901-914

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红外掩星观测的首批结果     

杨少荣  钱忠钰 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1992,(3)

自从1991年9月28日我们首次成功地进行了SAO076523的红外月掩星观测以来,又接连进行了一些成功的观测。本文将简要地介绍观测的设备、数据处理方法和初步的处理结果。  相似文献   

Magnetic measurements of recent sediments from Big Moose Lake,Adirondack Mountains,N.Y., USA     

Frank Oldfield 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1990,4(2):93-101

Measurements of anhysteretic (ARM) and isothermal (IRM) remanences in cores 6 and 8 from Big Moose Lake reveal evidence for changes in magnetic mineralogy and grain size within and between the two cores. It is proposed that changes in the strength and demagnetization characterizations of the IRM reflect the accumulation of atmospherically deposited magnetic minerals resulting from industrial processes. The record of magnetite deposition especially in Core 6 parallels that for coal soot at the site. In both cores, the record of haematite deposition parallels that for several anthropogenic indicators.This is the fourth of a series of papers to be published by this journal which is a contribution of the Paleoecological Investigation of Recent Lake Acidification (PIRLA) project. Drs. D. F. Charles and D. R. Whitehead are guest editors for this series.  相似文献   

2017年12月大气环流和天气分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

王继康  桂海林  马学款 《气象》2018,44(3):463-468

2017年12月大气环流的主要特征如下：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,欧亚中高纬环流呈两槽一脊型;南支槽位于70°E 附近,较常年同期偏西,副热带高压位置偏西,不利于水汽向我国中东部地区输送。12月,全国平均降水量为5.9 mm,比常年同期（10.8 mm）偏少44.8%,我国北方大部分地区降水量较常年同期偏少4~8成。全国平均气温-2.2℃,较常年同期（-3.2℃）偏高1℃;受偏强东北低涡影响,东北地区和内蒙古中东部气温较常年同期偏低1~3℃。月内,冷空气活动频繁,但强度较弱,出现5次一般强度冷空气过程。受频繁冷空气影响,雾 霾天气较常年同期偏少,仅28—30日出现一次大范围持续性雾 霾天气。  相似文献   

低纬高原大气不稳定参数与雷电活动相关性     

杨宗凯  殷娴  胡颖  周清倩 《气象科技》2018,46(5):1020-1025

应用云南省2014—2017年闪电资料和探空资料,分析了低纬高原地区大气不稳定参数与雷电活动的相关性,从9个参数中选取了相关性较强的5个参数,运用数理统计方法确定各参数可预测雷电发生的阈值,再运用复相关系数法计算各参数权重,建立雷电潜势预报方程。最后通过预报检验法及个例分析法对方程进行验证,结果显示低纬高原地区大气不稳定参数对雷电活动较为敏感,响应阈值普遍低于平原区域。该预报方程对未来12h雷电活动的发生预报效果显著,具有良好的推广运用价值。  相似文献   

非洲地区大气气溶胶光学厚度时空变化及亚速尔高压对沙尘越大西洋传输的影响          下载免费PDF全文

高玮  屈文军 《山东气象》2018,38(4):81-92

研究了非洲地区大气气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）的时空变化及沙尘气溶胶越大西洋海区的传输。结果表明：1）源于撒哈拉沙漠的沙尘及其随赤道东风向西输送使得沙尘气溶胶成为非洲沙漠地区和紧邻的大西洋海区的主要气溶胶组分;AOD高值区和沙尘气溶胶光学厚度高值区在1—7月随赤道辐合带北移同步向北移动,而在8—12月则向南回撤。2）刚果盆地大气气溶胶主要为热带雨林和稀树草原排放的有机碳（OC）和黑碳（BC）气溶胶;其中与生物质燃烧源排放有关的OC、BC高值主要集中在干季（6—9月）的后半段（8—9月）;而生物源OC排放全年连续,其排放峰值出现于雨季开始时;生物质燃烧排放高值期与生物源排放高值期前后相继,形成干季（尤其是后半段）时期的OC、BC光学厚度高值。3）亚马逊河入海口地区主要气溶胶组分为海盐气溶胶,9—11月该区风力输送增强,风向由东南风转变为东风,海盐进入亚马逊河入海口处,形成AOD和海盐气溶胶光学厚度高值区。4）撒哈拉沙漠沙尘气溶胶向大西洋传输的偏北月份为7—9月、偏南月份为1—3月;2000—2016年海区沙尘气溶胶的传输路径存在向南移动的变化趋势,与同期亚速尔高压的增强和沙尘传输路径以北北风分量的增强以及赤道辐合带的移动一致。上述研究结果揭示了利用大气气溶胶时空变化特征反映区域大气环流和气候变化的可能性。  相似文献   

气候变化背景下山东大气自净能力特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

董旭光  刘焕彬  汤子东  曹洁  邱粲 《山东气象》2018,38(4):93-102

利用山东22个基本（准）气象站小时气象观测资料,采用A值法计算了山东1961—2017年逐日大气自净能力指数（the atmospheric self-purification capacity index,ASPC）,分析了其气候空间分布特征和时间演变规律,利用MK检验（Mann-Kendall检验）和MT检验（Moving-t,滑动t检验）方法对历年ASPC进行了突变检验。结果表明：平均ASPC气候倾向率减小趋势极显著(P<0.01),除章丘和威海外,其他各地ASPC减小趋势均极显著(P<0.01);春季各月ASPC较大,历年各月ASPC随时间明显减小;年和四季ASPC空间分布基本一致,半岛地区较大,鲁南等内陆地区相对较小;年和春、夏、秋、冬季ASPC突变年份分别出现在2003年和2006年、2003年、2003年、2005年。济南、青岛地区ASPC分别从1999年、1993年开始显著减小,低ASPC日数历年变化大致与ASPC变化相反;济南和青岛历年各月ASPC变化差异明显。  相似文献   

Atmospheric Response to Mesoscale Ocean Eddies over the South China Sea     

Haoya LIU  Weibiao LI  Shumin CHEN  Rong FANG  Zhuo LI 《大气科学进展》2018,35(9):1189-1204

The South China Sea(SCS) is an eddy-active area. Composite analyses based on 438 mesoscale ocean eddies during 2000–2012 revealed the status of the atmospheric boundary layer is influenced remarkably by such eddies. The results showed cold-core cyclonic(warm-core anticyclonic) eddies tend to cool(warm) the overlying atmosphere and cause surface winds to decelerate(accelerate). More than 5% of the total variance of turbulent heat fluxes, surface wind speed and evaporation rate are induced by mesoscale eddies. Furthermore, mesoscale eddies locally affect the columnar water vapor, cloud liquid water, and rain rate. Dynamical analyses indicated that both variations of atmospheric boundary layer stability and sea level pressure are responsible for atmospheric anomalies over mesoscale eddies. To reveal further details about the mechanisms of atmospheric responses to mesoscale eddies, atmospheric manifestations over a pair of cold and warm eddies in the southwestern SCS were simulated. Eddy-induced heat flux anomalies lead to changes in atmospheric stability. Thus, anomalous turbulence kinetic energy and friction velocity arise over the eddy dipole, which reduce(enhance) the vertical momentum transport over the cold(warm) eddy, resulting in the decrease(increase) of sea surface wind. Diagnoses of the model's momentum balance suggested that wind speed anomalies directly over the eddy dipole are dominated by vertical mixing terms within the atmospheric boundary layer, while wind anomalies on the edges of eddies are produced by atmospheric pressure gradient forces and atmospheric horizontal advection terms.  相似文献