强震作用下坡顶建筑荷载对边坡稳定性影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

李旭东  王平  王丽丽  王会娟  常文斌  钱紫玲 《地震工程学报》2021,43(5):1220-1227

为研究强震作用下坡顶建筑荷载对边坡稳定性的影响,结合黄土地区典型建筑的临坡分布特点,在利用模型试验探讨黄土边坡破坏特点的基础上,结合有限元模拟软件建立不同临坡距离建筑荷载下的三维边坡模型。通过分析边坡总位移云图、水平向位移云图及最大剪应变云图,判断坡体潜在危险区域的变化规律。研究结果表明,随着坡顶建筑临坡距离的增加,顶部荷载变形区域与边坡潜在滑动面的重合区域递减,在距坡顶20 m外不再受到来自边坡潜在风险滑动面的影响。  相似文献   

基于约束Delaunay三角网的斜坡符号生成算法     

周丽珠  刘富东  周义军  王光昇 《测绘信息与工程》2012,37(6):30-32

分析了地图自动成图中斜坡坡面符号生成算法的基本原理,据此将斜坡分成梯形斜坡、矩形斜坡、倒梯形斜坡三种类型,并概括了他们的特点,介绍了已有的斜坡坡面符号生成算法及其优缺点,在此基础上,提出了一种基于约束Delaunay三角网的斜坡坡面符号生成算法,对预处理后的上下坡脚线建立约束Delaunay三角网,根据三角形组合的不同特点,将三角形的组合分类成两种类型,依次寻找匹配点,最后生成斜坡符号线。此算法避免了斜坡坡面符号线相交等情况,亦可用于栅栏等地图符号的自动生成。  相似文献   

Evolution stages of large deep-seated landslides at the front of a subalpine meridional chain (Maritime-Alps, France)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Swann Zerathe  Thomas Lebourg 《Geomorphology》2012,138(1):390-403

Studying long term-evolution of gravitational slope evolution is a key to understanding deep-seated landslide processes. This paper deals with three large Deep-Seated Landslides (DSLs) at a front of a subalpine meridional chain, on the “La Marbrière” slope near the town of Grasse (Alpes-Maritimes, France). The geological framework controlling the stability and morphology of the DSLs is associated with thick and tamped Triassic layers of mudstone with gypsum overlain by highly faulted Jurassic limestone. Gravitational deformation affects the entire slope, involving a movement of about 1.1 × 10⁸ m³ of rock material. It creates large disturbances in landscape morphology, such as scarps, counter-slope scarps, trenches and other typical gravitational morpho-structures. Geomorphological mapping coupled with deep electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) reveals a strong correlation between these morpho-structures and inherited brittle tectonic features. This observation relies on spatial and geometrical relations (on the surface and at the depth of more than 150 m, checked by ERT) between the most persistent fault and the gravitational morpho-structures. The specific distribution of the morpho-structures on the basis of their morphological typologies and variations in the stage of evolution of three DSLs provides an interpretation of their kinematics during the last 400 ka. It appears that soft substratums combined with inherited persistent anisotropies are key factors in the development of the DSLs. Indeed, outflow of mudstone due to the lithostatic pressure imposed by individual limestone compartments has led to general slope subsidence. Then, a progressive toppling of a rock mass may have led to the catastrophic rock collapse along bedding planes.The evolution of the DSLs can be divided into three distinct stages represented by three zones: a young collapse stage (zone 1), a pre-collapse stage (zone 2) and an old mature stage (> 400 ka, zone 3). As the DSLs occur on the same slope and in the same geological context, this area offers interesting perspectives for understanding factors controlling the long-term gravitational evolution of slopes.  相似文献   

天山北坡城镇化进程中的水土资源效益及其时空分异   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

杨宇  刘毅  金凤君  董雯  李莉 《地理研究》2012,31(7):1185-1198

通过空间分析的Global Moran''s I指数和Getis-Ord G_i^*指数以及协调发展度函数选取1995年、2000年、2005年和2008年4个年份数据对天山北坡城镇化进程中的土地资源效益、水资源效益的集聚扩散状态及其冷热点空间格局演化与空间联动发展效应进行分析,研究发现:(1)天山北坡在绿洲自然地理格局下发育起来的城镇,受自然地理条件和水土资源分布特点及城镇发展水平不一、城镇性质各异而对水土资源利用程度不一等因素影响,其城镇化水平和水土资源效益的空间格局表现出不同的发展状态。(2)土地资源效益相似的县市具有明显的空间差异,呈现出分散的格局并保持相对稳定的态势。(3)水资源效益的空间集聚和扩散状态不稳定,变化显著。(4)水土资源效益在城镇化进程中各自的空间演化格局与路径迥异,区域联动效应差异显著。绿洲城镇发展的实际决定了水土资源效益的冷热点区域演化相比自身发展水平更具敏感性。  相似文献   

A multi-index coupling system of ice slope stability and its application     

WanSheng Pei  YuanMing Lai  MingYi Zhang  HongYu Xu  Wu Chen 《寒旱区科学》2012,4(3):0185-0194

Based on the Simplified Bishop Method, the minimum safety factor of ice slope both with and without tension cracks is calculated in combination with triaxial compression tests. It is found that there exists a critical depth for each crack. Then, factors influencing ice slope stability such as slope ratio, slope height, ice cohesion, internal friction angle, unit weight and temperature were analyzed. Meanwhile, a regression equation between the aforementioned factors and safety factor is obtained, with which sensitivity analysis is carried out. The performance function is built in combination with random distribution of physical and mechanical parameters to analyze the reliability index. The Advanced First Order Second Moment Method is employed on the solution to the performance function. The one-way coupling system of ice slope stability is therefore formed based on safety factor and reliability index. Finally, an illustrated example of ice slope is provided, which shows that failure probability is relatively high, up to 6.18%, although safety factor is 2.77. Thus, it is objective and reasonable to apply the coupled system method to the slope stability rating.  相似文献   

Parameterizations of the daytime friction velocity,temperature scale,and upslope flow over gently inclined terrain in calm synoptic conditions     

张占海  周明煜 《大气科学进展》2009,26(3):577-584

A set of new parameterizations for the friction velocity and temperature scale over gently sloped terrain and in calm synoptic conditions are theoretically derived. The friction velocity is found to be proportional to the product of the square root of the total accumulated heating in the boundary layer and the sinusoidal function of the slope angle, while the temperature scale is proportional to the product of the boundary layer depth, the sinusoidal function of the slope angle and the potential temperature gradient in the free atmosphere. Using the new friction velocity parameterization, together with a parameterization of eddy diffusivity and an initial potential temperature profile around sunrise, an improved parameterization for the thermally induced upslope flow profile is derived by solving the Prandtl equations. The upslope flow profile is found to be simply proportional to the friction velocity.  相似文献   

南海北部陆坡深水曲流水道的识别及成因   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

袁圣强  曹锋  吴时国  姚根顺  王海荣  李丽 《沉积学报》2010,28(1):68-75

深水水道是深水沉积体系中重要的组成单元,其作为潜在的油气储集体也被油气行业所关注。深水水道多处于深水环境下的沉积地层中,因此对于其直接的观测和研究都比较困难。基于近年新采集的多道2 D和3 D地震资料,利用相干时间切片、RMS均方根振幅、3D振幅可视化等地球物理手段对南海北部陆坡深水水道进行了识别和研究。该水道为更新世深水曲流水道,与来自中南半岛的浊流侵蚀有关,水道呈SW—NE向展布,侧向侵蚀特征明显。3D振幅可视化图显示该水道轴部为强振幅反射,推测为富砂充填,其余部分为弱振幅反射,推测为富泥充填,这点与世界已钻水道特征一致。深水曲流水道的形成过程和内部结构复杂,其内部砂体与泥岩常互层出现,泥岩的封堵作用会阻碍流体的流动或形成超压,同时也可起到良好的盖层作用,因此对于深水曲流水道的勘探和开发要重视这个问题。   相似文献   

柴达木盆地阿尔金斜坡带构造特征与阿尔金断裂形成时间讨论——以月牙山地区为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘志宏  王芃  沙茜  万传彪  高军义 《地质学报》2010,84(9):1275-1283

研究区位于柴达木盆地阿尔金斜坡带的中段,跨越柴达木盆地、阿尔金断裂和索尔库里盆地三个构造单元,阿尔金斜坡带总体上表现为大致向南倾斜的斜坡,是一个在三位空间上变化的曲面,其包络面的走向与阿尔金断裂的走向基本一致。阿尔金斜坡带由与阿尔金断裂伴生的轴向近东西、靠近断裂逐渐向其收敛的背斜构成,在阿尔金山前表现为一系列斜列鼻状构造,在空间上呈宽缓的、隆拗相间的有规律性变化,在大部分地段表现为由堆垛式双重构造自北向南的逆冲作用形成的大型背斜的前翼。根据背斜前翼生长地层确定阿尔金断裂自下干柴沟组上段沉积时期(38Ma)开始形成,至今一直处于持续的活动状态。在下干柴沟组上段至上油砂山组沉积时期(38～8.1Ma),断裂的活动强度较小,自狮子沟组沉积开始(8.1Ma),断裂的活动强度明显增大。  相似文献   

明渠恒定渐变流底坡计算研究     

霍倩  锡泊 《水文》2010,30(1)

在渠道设计中,通常按明渠均匀流计算渠道底坡.当渠道较短时,不能形成均匀流,则需按恒定渐变流理论计算渠道底坡,至今尚未发现探讨该类问题的文献.因此本文结合工程实例,分析了四种类型的水面线和渠道底坡间的关系,以及相应的底坡搜索区间,最后用性能稳健的二分法计算出了渠道底坡值.  相似文献   

陆相断陷湖盆陡坡断裂带沉积响应及充填过程——以东营断陷湖盆北部陡坡断裂带古近系为例          下载免费PDF全文

谭先锋  田景春白建平王艳碧邱桂强张守鹏 《中国地质》2010,37(2):298-310

陆相断陷湖盆陡坡带同沉积断裂对沉积充填过程具有明显的控制作用。东营凹陷北部陡坡带在古近纪沉积期断裂活动明显,主要受两条主断裂带控制,陈南断裂控制盆地演化,胜北断裂控制沉积体系的发育;碎屑物质主要来源于陈家庄凸起、滨县凸起和青坨子凸起;受断裂构造背景及物源控制,北部陡坡断裂带主要由冲积扇、扇三角洲、近岸水下扇、三角洲、滑塌浊积扇等5种沉积类型充填;时间和空间上,陡坡断裂带具有冲积扇→近岸水下扇→扇三角洲→近源滑塌浊积扇→湖泊的典型时空演化和充填模式;陡坡断裂带砂砾岩体由于具有物性好、近油源、构造活动强烈等特点,是油气聚集的有利场所。  相似文献