黔南晚二叠世煤中有害元素赋存规律及其环境地质问题     

舒万柏 《中国煤田地质》2001,13(2):12-13

盘江矿区晚二叠世的煤中有害元素与煤系赋存，煤层厚度均无相关性，主要沉积积环境的控制，煤中有害元素的环境地质问题，主要是燃煤对大气，土壤水域的污染。  相似文献   

层序地层与煤层气关系探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

金高峰  龚绍礼 《中国煤田地质》2001,13(2):29-30,42

从层序地层的角度，对煤层气的生、储和保存进行了论述，试图找出层序地层与煤层气之间的联系，并对体系域与煤层气之间的关系作了探讨。  相似文献   

新疆煤炭资源勘查开发现状与可持续发展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王俊民 《中国煤田地质》2001,13(3):20-21

新疆煤炭资源分布极不均衡。煤炭资源预测量虽然居全国首位，但是探明程度却很低。进行西部大开发，有计划地加强缺煤地区的煤炭资源勘查，合理规划开发，调整煤炭生产结构，实现资源转换战略。在保护生态环境，防止沙漠化漫延的同时，提高当地人民生活水平。  相似文献   

A study of the ground control effects of mining longwall faces into open or backfilled entries     

David C. Oyler  Christopher Mark  Dennis R. Dolinar  Russell C. Frith 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2001,19(2):137-168

Unusual circumstances may require that a longwall retreat into or through a previously driven room. The operation can be completed successfully, but there have been a number of spectacular failures. To help determine what factors contribute to such failures, a comprehensive international database of 131 case histories has been compiled. The cases include six failures where major rock falls occurred in front of the shields, and seven even more serious failures involving major overburden weighting. The case studies suggest two types of room failure mechanism. The first is a roof fall type failure caused by loading of the immediate roof at the face as the fender or remnant longwall panel narrows. The second is an overburden weighting type failure caused by the inability of the roof to bridge the recovery room and face area, and affecting rock well above the immediate roof. The data indicate that the roof fall type of failure is less likely when intensive roof reinforcement (bolts, cables and trusses) is employed together with higher-capacity shields. The overburden weighting failures, in contrast, occurred when the roof was weak and little standing support was used. Weighting failures were not greatly affected by the density of roof reinforcement. In one of the overburden weighting cases, in a Pittsburgh coalbed mine, stress cell, convergence, bolt load and extensometer data have been used to analyze the failure in detail.  相似文献   

Electron Probe Microanalysis of Environmental Samples: Preparation of Reference Materials, Correction for Particle Size Effects and Representative Results on Sediments Recovered from Snow, Power Station Fly Ash and Bone Samples     

Ludmila A. Pavlova  Ludmila Ph. Paradina  Olga Yu. Belozerova 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2001,25(2-3):333-344

In this paper we report the results of electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) that was used to study environmental materials. The mode of preparation and certification of reference samples based on a basaltic glass matrix for environmental applications of EPMA is described. These samples were prepared containing scandium, strontium and barium (from 0.03 up to 7% m/m) and an evaluation was made of homogeneity, their stability to local heating, followed by analysis by independent methods for certification of composition. Matrix correction procedures for the EPMA technique have been developed for particles having a size commensurable with the volume of X-ray generation. An analytical equation for the size factor is proposed and two techniques for selecting optimum conditions for the analysis of environmental samples by EPMA are reported. These procedures provided satisfactory results when utilized in analysing sediments recovered from snow, coal fly ash and the bones of animals and fish, results from which can be used as indicators for evaluating the pollution level of the lower atmosphere, surface and ground water, as well as revealing pollution mechanisms.  相似文献   

Geochemistry, mineralogy, and technological properties of the main Stephanian (Carboniferous) coal seams from the Puertollano Basin, Spain     

A. Alastuey  A. Jimnez  F. Plana  X. Querol  I. Surez-Ruiz 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2001,45(4)

This study is focused on the occurrence and distribution of mineral matter and major and trace elements in the high volatile bituminous coal from Puertollano (south-central Spain). The relationship between ash behaviour and inorganic composition, as well as the possible formation of fouling and slagging deposits in boilers during the conversion process, were investigated. The Puertollano coals do not exhibit plastic properties, despite their rank, probably because of their high ash and inertinite contents.The Puertollano coal has medium to low total S content (0.48% to 1.63% db, with a mean of 1.0% db) and is characterised by relatively high contents of Si, Pb, Sb, and Cs. Some elements such as As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ge, Li, Mn, Ni, W, and Zn are also present in relatively high contents. The enrichment in a number of heavy metals could be attributed to the common sulphide ores occurring near the Puertollano coal deposit.The following trace elements affinities are deduced: (a) sulphide affinity: As, Co, Cd, Cu, Ni, Sb, Tl, and Zn; (b) aluminum–silicate affinity: K, Ti, B, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu Ga, Hf, Li, Nb, Rb, Sn, Ta, Th, V, Zr, and LREE; (c) Carbonate affinity: Ca, Mg, Mn, and B; (d) organic affinity: B.The very high Si levels and the anomalous enrichment in Cs, Ge, Pb, Sb, and Zn shown by the Puertollano coals account for the high contents of these elements in the Puertollano fly ash when compared with the other Spanish coal fly ashes.The chemical composition of the high temperature ash (HTA) is consistent with the trend shown by the ash fusion temperatures (AFT) and also with the predictive indices related to slagging and fouling propensities. Thus, the ash fusion temperatures increase with high values of Al₂O₃ as well as with the decrease in Fe₂O₃, CaO, and MgO.  相似文献   

Further examination of the ragged edge of the Herrin Coal Bed, Webster County, Western Kentucky Coal Field     

James C. Hower  David A. Williams 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2001,46(2-4)

The Herrin (Western Kentucky No. 11) coal bed in the Dixon 7 1/2 min quadrangle, Webster County, Kentucky, displays another manifestation of the thinning margin of the coal bed. Previous studies in adjacent Hopkins County have demonstrated that the coal is brecciated as the margin is approached. The brecciated coal is not always thin; 1.5 m of brecciated, inertinite-rich coal was previously described to the southeast of the present study area. In general, the brecciated coals are considerably thinner than the 1.5–2-m-thick, “normal” Herrin coal. Both cores studied are thin (22.6 and 33 cm) and display petrographic characteristics different from thicker Herrin coals. The cores described in the present study show some signs of brecciation; in certain cases, the fragmented macerals are cemented by exsudatinite. Multiple generations of pyrite mineralization were noted in one core, with total sulfur exceeding 13% in the upper 8.48 cm lithotype.Overall, the cores investigated in this study, along with examples from previous studies, illustrate the progression of the Herrin coal from its absence, either through nondeposition or erosion, through thin, brecciated coals, to mineable coals. No other economic coal in western Kentucky shows as many examples of the depositional edge as does the Herrin. All of the examples studied are from cores, emphasizing the need to study more than just the thick, mineable coals if the total extent of the coal body is to be understood.  相似文献   

遥感技术在鄂尔多斯盆地东南部煤层气勘探中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

余华琪  齐小平 《国土资源遥感》2001,12(3):11-14,69

从鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬区煤层气勘探的实际需要出发,通过遥感解译,利用裂缝密度统计分析方法,对研究区煤层气高渗区带进行了预测,并对区内煤层气勘探的有利区带进行了初步评价,为煤层气勘探提供了重要的参考资料.  相似文献   

关于构建矿山三维GIS的思考   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

芮小平  余志伟等 《地质与勘探》2001,37(4):63-67

根据煤矿生产的实际情况，分析了建立煤矿三维GIS的必要性，并针对当前GIS发展的状况，提出了建立矿山三维GIS的思路。  相似文献   

华北地台晚古生代海侵模式雏议   总被引：14，自引：5，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

张鹏飞  邵龙义  代世峰 《古地理学报》2001,3(1):15-24

本对华北地台的山西太原西山上石炭统太原组的7、8和11号煤层及其顶板灰岩的地球化学特征、煤核和生物化石进行了系统分析，发现煤层形成过程中有海水的影响，煤层上覆石灰岩形成过程中亦有淡水参与，说明煤层及其顶板灰岩在相序上是连续的，其海侵模式并不是突发型海便。而为渐进型海侵。本还应用层序地层学原理论述了海平面变化与聚煤作用的关系。  相似文献