静态精密单点定位精度分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王亦欣  邹璇 《测绘信息与工程》2008,33(2):14-16

阐述了精密单点定位技术的应用价值,分析了观测数据和精密钟差采样间隔对静态精密单点定位的影响,提供了工程实际使用有益的参考.  相似文献   

南海北部深水盆地沉积-构造的差异性及其油气意义   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

吕宝凤  袁亚娟 《大地构造与成矿学》2008,32(4)

南海北部深水区自西向东依次分布着琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地、台西南盆地等新生代被动陆缘盆地,这些盆地经历了大致相当的从裂陷到坳陷的构造演化史,但在张裂活动过程中存在着明显的沉积-构造的差异性。构造沉降特征分析显示:在同一构造带上自西向东有盆地主要构造沉降发生的时段逐步变晚的趋势;在不同构造带上自北向南有盆地主要构造沉降发生的时段逐步变晚的趋势。这种沉积-构造的差异性对烃源岩的发育类型、分布及生储盖组合等方面有明显的控制作用,表现为:裂谷期构造沉降幅度大的盆地,陆相烃源岩发育,以陆生陆储陆盖型成藏组合为主;裂后期构造沉降幅度大的盆地,海相烃源岩发育规模较大,海生海储海盖型成藏组合及混生海储海盖型生储盖组合所占分量逐渐增多。推测渐新统湖相-湖沼相及海陆过渡相源岩和中新统海相烃源岩应是南海北部深水区油气的主要来源,陆生海储海盖型、海生海储海盖型及混生海储海盖型生储盖组合应是深水区基本生储盖组合类型。  相似文献   

GPS精密单点定位的数据处理方法综述     

郝明  丁希杰 《测绘工程》2008,17(5):60-62

在GPS精密单点定位数据处理中,通常采用基于非差观测值的处理方法。然而精密单点定位也可通过观测值不同差分组合以减少某些未知参数,且在理论上与非差模型等价。文中介绍基于非差和差分模型的精密单点定位的几种数据处理方法,并对各种模型进行比较。  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of a stratigraphic model     

Véronique Gervais  Roland Masson 《Computational Geosciences》2008,12(2):163-179

A multi-lithology diffusive stratigraphic model is considered, which simulates at large scales in space and time the infill of sedimentary basins governed by the interaction between tectonics displacements, eustatic variations, sediment supply, and sediment transport laws. The model accounts for the mass conservation of each sediment lithology resulting in a mixed parabolic, hyperbolic system of partial differential equations (PDEs) for the lithology concentrations and the sediment thickness. It also takes into account a limit on the rock alteration velocity modeled as a unilaterality constraint. To obtain a robust, fast, and accurate simulation, fully and semi-implicit finite volume discre tization schemes are derived for which the existence of stable solutions is proved. Then, the set of nonlinear equations is solved using a Newton algorithm adapted to the unilaterality constraint, and preconditioning strategies are defined for the solution of the linear system at each Newton iteration. They are based on an algebraic approximate decoupling of the sediment thickness and the concentration variables as well as on a proper preconditioning of each variable. These algorithms are studied and compared in terms of robustness, scalability, and efficiency on two real basin test cases.  相似文献   

基于ICCP算法的重力辅助惯性导航   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王志刚  边少锋 《测绘学报》2008,37(2):0-249

迭代最近等值线算法(ICCP)是一种重要的匹配导航算法,文中首先介绍ICCP算法的基本原理,随后在0.2′×0.2′重力异常数据库的基础上,利用ICCP算法进行仿真计算得到最佳匹配位置。最后为了验证匹配位置是否可用于修正惯导误差,提出将匹配位置误差作为观测量,用卡尔曼滤波对惯导系统误差进行最优估计。由最后的仿真结果可以看出,ICCP算法可有效抑制惯导纬度误差的增长,且最大纬度误差不超过2,′以匹配位置误差作为观测量可以用来估计惯导方位误差角。  相似文献   

Analysis of a rigid footing lying on three-layered soil using the finite difference method     

Priti Maheshwari  M. R. Madhav 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(4):851-869

A numerical procedure is described for the analysis of the vertical deformation and the stress distribution of the strip footings on layered soil media. Three layers of soil with different stiffness are considered with the middle soil layer the thinnest and most stiff layer. The soil media is discretized and using the theory of elasticity, the governing differential equations are obtained in terms of vertical and horizontal displacements. These equations along with appropriate boundary and continuity conditions are solved by using the finite difference method. The vertical and horizontal displacements, strains and stresses are found at various nodes in the soil media. Parametric studies are carried out to study the effect of the placement depth of the middle soil layer, the relative ratios of the moduli of deformation of the soil layers on the vertical displacement of the footing and the vertical stress distribution. These studies reveal that the middle thin but very stiff layer acts like a plate and redistributes the stresses on the lower soft soil layer uniformly. The displacement on the top and bottom of the middle soil layer is almost the same showing that the compression of the middle layer is negligible as it is very stiff.  相似文献   

Time domain Gauss–Newton seismic waveform inversion in elastic media     

Dong-Hoon Sheen  Kagan Tuncay  Chang-Eob Baag  Peter J. Ortoleva 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,167(3):1373-1384

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Dual simulations of fluid flow and seismic wave propagation in a fractured network: effects of pore pressure on seismic signature   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. Vlastos  E. Liu  I. G. Main  M. Schoenberg  C. Narteau  X. Y. Li  B. Maillot 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,166(2):825-838

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Traction image method for irregular free surface boundaries in finite difference seismic wave simulation   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

Wei Zhang  Xiaofei Chen 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,167(1):337-353

In this study, we propose a new numerical method, named as Traction Image method, to accurately and efficiently implement the traction-free boundary conditions in finite difference simulation in the presence of surface topography. In this algorithm, the computational domain is discretized by boundary-conforming grids, in which the irregular surface is transformed into a 'flat' surface in computational space. Thus, the artefact of staircase approximation to arbitrarily irregular surface can be avoided. Such boundary-conforming gridding is equivalent to a curvilinear coordinate system, in which the first-order partial differential velocity-stress equations are numerically updated by an optimized high-order non-staggered finite difference scheme, that is, DRP/opt MacCormack scheme. To satisfy the free surface boundary conditions, we extend the Stress Image method for planar surface to Traction Image method for arbitrarily irregular surface by antisymmetrically setting the values of normal traction on the grid points above the free surface. This Traction Image method can be efficiently implemented. To validate this new method, we perform numerical tests to several complex models by comparing our results with those computed by other independent accurate methods. Although some of the testing examples have extremely sloped topography, all tested results show an excellent agreement between our results and those from the reference solutions, confirming the validity of our method for modelling seismic waves in the heterogeneous media with arbitrary shape topography. Numerical tests also demonstrate the efficiency of this method. We find about 10 grid points per shortest wavelength is enough to maintain the global accuracy of the simulation. Although the current study is for 2-D P-SV problem, it can be easily extended to 3-D problem.  相似文献   

A traveltime reciprocity discrepancy in the Podvin & Lecomte time3d finite difference algorithm     

Ari Tryggvason  Björn Bergman 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,165(2):432-435

We have found that the extensively used finite difference scheme time3d produces time fields which are 'asymmetric' in the sense that traveltimes computed to the right of the source are faster than traveltimes computed to the left. All finite difference schemes will, as they are approximations to the wave equation, to some extent fail to obey reciprocity perfectly. We show, however, that the errors in time3d may be significant—and unnecessarily large. An asymmetry in the point source initialization has been identified, and after correction time3d produces time fields with an improved reciprocity.  相似文献