Experimental investigation of the vertical pullout cyclic response of bucket foundations in sand     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

A series of 1 g model tests was conducted to investigate the accumulated vertical pullout displacement and unloading stiffness of bucket foundations embedded in dry and saturated sands. The foundations were subjected to vertical pullout cyclic loading with different load amplitudes. Cyclic load was applied up to 10⁴ cycles. Test results showed that the accumulated vertical pullout displacement increased with the increase in the number of load cycles and cyclic load amplitudes. The unloading stiffness of the bucket foundations decreased with the increase in load amplitude and number of cycles. Empirical equations were proposed based on the test results to evaluate the accumulated vertical pullout displacement and unloading stiffness of the bucket foundations in saturated sand. These equations can be used for the preliminary design of single or tripod bucket foundations.  相似文献   

Markovian modeling of seismic damage accumulation          下载免费PDF全文

Iunio Iervolino  Massimiliano Giorgio  Eugenio Chioccarelli 《地震工程与结构动力学》2016,45(3):441-461

Analysis of civil structures at the scale of life‐cycle requires stochastic modeling of degradation. Phenomena causing structures to degrade are typically categorized as aging and point‐in‐time overloads. Earthquake effects are the members of the latter category this study deals with in the framework of performance‐based earthquake engineering (PBEE). The focus is structural seismic reliability, which requires modeling of the stochastic process describing damage progression, because of subsequent events, over time. The presented study explicitly addresses this issue via a Markov‐chain‐based approach, which is able to account for the change in seismic response of damaged structures (i.e. state‐dependent seismic fragility) as well as uncertainty in occurrence and intensity of earthquakes (i.e. seismic hazard). The state‐dependent vulnerability issue arises when the seismic hysteretic response is evolutionary and/or when the damage measure employed is such that the degradation increment probabilistically depends on the conditions of the structure at the time of the shock. The framework set up takes advantage also of the hypotheses of classical probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, allowing to separate the modeling of the process of occurrence of seismic shocks and the effect they produce on the structure. It is also discussed how the reliability assessment, which is in closed‐form, may be virtually extended to describe a generic age‐ and state‐dependent degradation process (e.g. including aging and/or when aftershock risk is of interest). Illustrative applications show the options to calibrate the model and its potential in the context of PBEE. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

柴北缘胜利口东地区白云母二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素          下载免费PDF全文

张金明  王秉璋  薛万文  付彦文  田成秀  雷晓清 《中国地质》2022,49(2):620-630

[研究目的]柴北缘地区分布着大量早古生代花岗岩,是否存在与大陆深俯冲和早期碰撞阶段的岩浆活动,截至目前研究资料较少,制约了对柴北缘地区大地构造背景演化的认识.[研究方法]本文对胜利口东地区白云母二长花岗岩进行锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及Hf同位素研究.[研究结果]通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得...  相似文献   

Quantitative failure metric for gravity dams          下载免费PDF全文

M. A. Hariri‐Ardebili  V. Saouma 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(3):461-480

Quantitative failure monitoring is a critical tool for safety assessment of concrete dams. This includes damage occurrence, intensity, location, number, size, and propagation pattern. Such an assessment is essential for a quantifiable prioritization of repair and will thus reduce overall cost and improve safety. This paper will address this timely topic through the nonlinear transient analysis of a dam and failure will be ascertained through a multi‐scale damage index. A damage‐plastic model for mass concrete is used, Drucker‐Prager elasto‐plastic one for the foundation, and infinite elements are used for far‐field boundaries. Water‐dam interaction is accounted for through fluid finite elements. It is determined that the proposed damage indices can indeed provide a quantitative metric for the degree of failure in gravity dams in terms of the input dynamic motion. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

An investigation into the effects of damping and nonlinear geometry models in earthquake engineering analysis          下载免费PDF全文

Andrew Hardyniec  Finley Charney 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(15):2695-2715

The growing emphasis of considering the behavior of structures at extreme performance states, such as collapse, has necessitated the characterization of the effects of varying attributes of the structural model. One source of variability that has not previously been considered is variability in the mathematical model. This study investigated the effects of changing the geometric nonlinearity approach and damping model on a four‐story buckling restrained braced frame, a four‐story steel moment resisting frame, and an eight‐story steel moment resisting frame. The variations in behavior are quantified using the maximum interstory drift ratio as the performance metric and qualified by comparing the relative displaced shapes and component response histories at the collapse performance state. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

虚拟地理环境知识工程初探     

林珲  游兰 《地球信息科学学报》2015,17(12):1423-1430

地理知识在虚拟地理环境（Virtual Geographic Environments,VGE）的科研与应用中发挥着极为重要的作用。现有地理知识工程研究整体处于初步探索阶段,且尚未在虚拟地理环境中展开。作为新一代GIS研究的科学方法和技术,虚拟地理环境具有典型的多领域、多协同、多交互、多模型及多感知的特点,但还亟需系统深入地了解VGE地理知识工程的特点、机理及关键技术。本文首先综述了国内外现有知识工程及地理知识工程研究现状,进而提出了VGE地理知识及VGE知识工程的概念和定义。在此基础上,本文分析了VGE地理知识有别于通用知识的特点,并提出了VGE地理知识的分类。最后,针对VGE地理知识工程的构建阐述了需解决的关键问题。本文基于VGE知识工程的初步探索,尝试为智能虚拟地理环境系统的构建提供理论基础,以促进虚拟地理环境中地理知识的快速转换和融合,为解决地理科学“数据丰富但知识贫乏”的问题提供一个可行的研究方向。  相似文献   

Winkler弹性地基板梁的自由振动分析          下载免费PDF全文

魏纲  李钢  蒋吉清  魏新江 《地震工程学报》2015,37(3):655-659

中短型轨道板的几何构型介于梁、板之间,属于宽梁结构。从Mindlin板理论出发,退化得到适用于宽梁的Mindlin板梁控制方程;引入Winkler地基刚度系数,推导得到位移和转角的模态函数表达式。考虑两端简支的边界条件,得到弹性地基板梁的自由振动特征方程。通过无量纲数值算例求解出弹性地基板梁的自振频率,并与Timoshenko梁理论和Mindlin板理论进行对比。研究高跨比、泊松比和弹性地基刚度等参数对结构自振特性的影响,总结出弹性地基板梁方程的特点及适用范围,即宽度效应显著且泊松比较大的宽梁结构。  相似文献   

第六届国际地震岩土工程大会综述          下载免费PDF全文

王兰民 《地震工程学报》2015,37(4):907-914

第六届国际地震岩土工程大会于2015年11月1-4日在新西兰克莱斯特彻奇市召开。本文介绍了大会概况;阐述了大会设置的21个专题,并综述了场地效应和小区划,斜坡、河堤、大坝与废弃物填埋场,地震危险性与强地面运动,土壤液化与侧向扩展共4个重要专题分会的交流内容;通报了国际地震岩土工程及其问题技术委员会(TC203)全委会内容和决议事项;论述了相关领域的研究进展与亮点,包括新西兰坎特伯雷地震灾后重建催生了岩土工程共享数据库建设取得突破性进展;土壤液化与侧向扩展研究成为国际岩土地震工程一大热点研究领域;提出了在液化机理、液化势评价、液化后变形和基于性能的抗液化工程设计等方面需要进一步研究的重要问题;运动颗粒模拟方法实现了对斜坡破坏的全过程数值模拟;"Ishihara-Idriss-Finn演讲特别分会"成为本次会议一大亮点;2010-2011年新西兰坎特伯雷地震序列(CES)发生后,美国与新西兰开展了非常紧密的合作调查与研究工作,并在地震序列认识、灾害快速评估、确保稳健恢复的政策与规划分析等方面取得了多方受益的科学进展。  相似文献   

砂土中刚性短桩的p-y模型案例研究     

李卫超  杨敏  朱碧堂 《岩土力学》2015,36(10):2989-2995

基于Winkler地基模型的p-y曲线法在水平受荷桩的分析与设计中应用非常广泛。该方法最初主要针对海洋石油气平台,基于试桩桩径主要不超过1.2 m、长径比大于20的现场水平荷载试验结果,推导了半经验半理论方法。在过去的十年间,快速发展的风能行业（尤其海洋风机）所采用的桩基础尺寸已经远远超出了当初提出现有p-y模型时的试桩尺寸。目前普遍认为,针对大直径（如桩径 6 m）水平受荷桩的设计,现有p-y模型的可靠性值得商榷和进一步研究。通过两组水平受荷桩基试验实测结果,对当前API规范建议的砂土中p-y模型及其他研究者提出的修正方法进行了案例研究。研究结果表明：不同的p-y模型计算得到的桩身弯矩差异较小,可忽略不计;桩头变形主要受p-y曲线初始刚度值及曲线表达式影响;确定地基刚度常量时,除依据砂土地基的密实度与内摩擦角外,还应考虑地基形成历史。最后,提出了进一步研究方向。  相似文献   

大型石化地基振冲碎石桩处理现场试验研究     

马永峰  周丁恒  张志豪  曹力桥 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):327-333

针对大型炼厂工程地基处理的复杂性,开展了振冲碎石桩的现场试验。利用静力触探试验检测桩体密实度和判别饱和砂土液化。基于旁压试验、标准贯入试验和重型动力触探试验结果,分析了施工前后地基承载力和土体工程特性变化情况。以单桩和复合地基载荷试验结果验证了桩间土、单桩及复合地基的承载性能。研究结果表明,振冲碎石桩对桩长范围的砂土具有明显的挤密效应,工程特性和场地的均匀性在处理后有了明显改善和提高,有效地消除了桩长范围内砂土的液化可能性。静载荷试验结果表明,振冲碎石桩复合地基承载力能达到设计要求;振冲碎石桩对砂土层下卧黏性土层的加固作用不明显,部分深度范围内土体强度降低;当地面以下10 m内不存在厚度大于5 m的软土夹层时,较薄的软土夹层状对挤密加固其余深度的砂土未产生明显影响,对地基承载力影响亦较小。  相似文献