安徽铜陵地区中生代侵入岩成因及成矿意义     

谢建成  杨晓勇  肖益林  杜建国  孙卫东 《地质学报》2012,86(3):423-459

安徽铜陵矿集区是我国最著名的铜、金、铁产地之一,成矿与岩浆作用关系密切.本次对铜陵地区中生代侵入岩进行了系统的矿物学、岩石学和元素地球化学研究.结果表明:①本区岩浆岩主要为辉石(二长)闪长岩( SiO2≤55％)、石英(二长)闪长岩(SiO255％～65％)和花岗闪长岩(SiO2≥65％)三种岩石组合,其矿物成分主要为...  相似文献   

Geochronologic-petrochemical studies of the Hongshishan mafic–ultramafic intrusion,Beishan area,Xinjiang (NW China): petrogenesis and tectonic implications     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(3):270-289

The Hongshishan mafic–ultramafic intrusion (SIMS zircon U–Pb age 286.4 ± 2.8 Ma) consists of dunite, clinopyroxene peridotite, troctolite, and gabbro. Major elements display systematic correlations. Trace elements have identical distribution patterns, including flat rare-earth element (REE) patterns with positive Eu anomalies and enrichments in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) but depletions in Nb and Ta, indicating fractional crystallization as a key factor in magmatic evolution. Petrologic and geochemical variations in drill core samples demonstrate that minor assimilation and progressive magma injections were closely associated with Ni–Cu mineralization. Mass balance estimates and Sr–Nd isotopes reveal that the Hongshishan parental magmas were high-Mg and low-Ti tholeiitic basalts and were derived from a lithospheric mantle source that had been modified by subducted slab metasomatism before partial melting.

Southward subduction of the Palaeo-Tianshan–Junggar Ocean is further constrained by a compilation of inferred, subduction-induced modifications of mantle sources in mafic–ultramafic intrusions distributed in the eastern Tianshan–Beishan area. Integrating the regional positive ?_Nd(t) granites, high-Mg and low-Ti basaltic magmas (mafic–ultramafic intrusions), and slightly later high-Ti basalts in NW China suggests that their petrogenesis could be attributed to Permian mantle plume activities.  相似文献   

机载Lidar数据的农作物覆盖度及LAI反演   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

崔要奎  赵开广  范闻捷  徐希孺 《遥感学报》2011,15(6):1282-1294

虽然Lidar点云数据已被广泛应用于获取森林各项结构参数,但这些方法并不适合于低矮的灌丛、林地和农作物。本文以玉米为研究对象,提出利用机载Lidar点云数据的强度信息和全波形数据中的距离与扫描天顶角信息,反演农作物覆盖度和LAI的方法。在黑河进行的飞行实验和地面验证表明,该方法具有较高精度,也表明Lidar在低矮自然植被监测和农业应用上有较大潜力。  相似文献   

Soil and landscape studies in Western Aaustralia     

E. Bettenay  M. J. Mulcahy 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):359-369

The nature of the valley forms, and associated superficial deposits and soils of the South‐West Drainage Division of Western Australia are described. All the major rivers tap interior palaeo‐drainage lines associated with chains of salt lakes; thereafter, downstream, there is a succession of valley forms which are progressively more sharply incised and of steeper gradient. It is shown that this succession is repeated in all major rivers. The main palaeo‐drainage systems are named for the first time, and their catchments delineated. The changes in valley form which occur downstream of the palaeo‐drainage lines are interpreted as stages in rejuvenation of drainage of the epeiro‐genically uplifted Old Plateau of Western Australia. The relationship between the valley forms and patterns of distribution of soils, deeply weathered profiles and superficial deposits is described, and its agricultural, geochemical and hydrological significance briefly discussed.  相似文献   

分形理论在土体粒度成分特征评价中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

魏玉虎  胡卸文  齐光辉 《安徽地质》2006,16(2):120-122

由于土体粒度成分的复杂性,目前对土的粒度成分分析缺乏合适的定量描述参数,分形理论为该问题提供了新的途径。实例计算表明,分维作为描述土体粒度成分特征的参数,能较好反映了各种粒径大小在土体中的组成特点,可将其作为土体工程分类的一个综合性定量指标。  相似文献   

改进时间分数阶模型模拟非Fick溶质运移          下载免费PDF全文

夏源  吴吉春  张勇 《水科学进展》2013,24(3):349-357

通过将经典时间分数阶对流-弥散方程的等待时间分布函数的尾部修改为指数型,推导出了改进时间分数阶对流-弥散方程,并提出有效的时空算子分裂数值求解方法。对两个理想算例和一个实际算例进行计算,结果表明,改进的时间分数阶对流-弥散方程继承了时间分数阶对流-弥散方程能模拟穿透曲线幂率型拖尾分布的优点,还可模拟穿透曲线尾部由幂率型转换到指数型的过程;特征时间λ、分数阶指数γ和两相容量比例系数β共同决定了运移行为。改进的新模型可以区分非均质介质中流动相和非流动相中的溶质浓度, 更细微地模拟非Fick溶质运移行为。  相似文献   

Large-scale silicic alkalic magmatism associated with the Buckhorn Caldera, Trans-Pecos Texas, USA: comparison with Pantelleria, Italy     

Don F. Parker  John C. White 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2008,70(3):403-415

Three major rhyolite systems in the northeastern Davis and adjacent Barrilla Mountains include lava units that bracketed a large pantelleritic ignimbrite (Gomez Tuff) in rapid eruptions spanning 300,000 years. Extensive silicic lavas formed the shields of the Star Mountain Formation (37.2 Ma-K/Ar; 36.84 Ma ³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar), and the Adobe Canyon Formation (37.1 Ma-K/Ar; 36.51-³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar). The Gomez Tuff (36.6 Ma-K/Ar; 36.74-³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar) blanketed a large region around the 18×24 km diameter Buckhorn caldera, within which it ponded, forming sections up to 500 m thick. Gomez eruption was preceded by pantelleritic rhyolite domes (36.87, 36.91 Ma-³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar), some of which blocked movement of Star Mountain lava flows. Following collapse, the Buckhorn caldera was filled by trachyte lava. Adobe Canyon rhyolite lavas then covered much of the region. Star Mountain Formation (~220 km³) is composed of multiple flows ranging from quartz trachyte to mildly peralkalic rhyolite; three major types form a total of at least six major flows in the northeastern Davis Mountains. Adobe Canyon Formation (~125 km³) contains fewer flows, some up to 180 m thick, of chemically homogenous, mildly peralkalic comendite, extending up to 40 km. Gomez Tuff (~220 km³) may represent the largest known pantellerite. It is typically less than 100 m thick in extra-caldera sections, where it shows a pyroclastic base and top, although interiors are commonly rheomorphic, containing flow banding and ramp structures. Most sections contain one cooling unit; two sections contain a smaller, upper cooling unit. Chemically, the tuff is fairly homogeneous, but is more evolved than early pantelleritic domes. Overall, although Davis Mountains silicic units were generated through open system processes, the pantellerites appear to have evolved by processes dominated by extensive fractional crystallization from parental trachytes similar to that erupted in pre- and post-caldera lavas. Comparison with the Pantelleria volcano suggests that the most likely parental magma for the Buckhorn series is transitional basalt, similar to that erupted in minor, younger Basin and Range volcanism after about 24 Ma. Roughly contemporaneous mafic lavas associated with the Buckhorn caldera appear to have assimilated or mixed with crustal melts, and, generally, may not be regarded as mafic precursors of the Buckhorn silicic rocks, They thus form a false Daly Gap as opposed to the true basalt/trachyte Daly gap of Pantelleria. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. This paper constitutes part of a special issue dedicated to Bill Bonnichsen on the petrogenesis and volcanology of anorogenic rhyolites.  相似文献   

一种分析软土黏弹性的分数导数开尔文模型   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

孙海忠  张卫 《岩土力学》2007,28(9):1983-1986

软土是一种黏、弹、塑性材料,采用分数微积分模型来研究软土的蠕变规律目前尚未见到。选取了珠江三角洲南沙地区典型软土作为研究对象,在对其进行大量相关试验的基础上,采用含分数阶导数的开尔文模型来模拟该地区软土的蠕变规律,讨论了含分数阶导数的开尔文模型的蠕变柔量和松驰模量及其应用。与传统的开尔文模型相比较,分数阶导数的开尔文模型可以更好地拟合蠕变曲线,而且其形式简单、统一,在计算过程中需要调整的参数很少。可以预见,含分数阶导数的开尔文体在软土的流变本构研究领域及其计算中将有着广泛的应用前景。  相似文献   

二维分形技术在地震勘探构造解释中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庞留彦  闫德庆  仲其涛  徐彦红 《物探化探计算技术》2000,22(4):322-325

作者在文中探讨了二维分形布朗运动在地震勘探构造解释中的应用,并针对地震资料,提出了具体实用的算法,并以此算用Ｃ＾＋＋语言编制了相应处理软件,对实测地震资料进行了处理,取得了明显的效果。  相似文献   

Pseudo-fractal interpolation for risk analysis     

Robert F. Shurtz 《Mathematical Geology》1992,24(1):99-128

This paper describes a new method of analyzing the risk incurred when the outcome of a decision depends on interpolated values, for example, on the flow through an aquifer sparsely sampled for permeability or on the ratio of waste to ore in a mineral deposit sparsely sampled for grade. The method uses large families of interpolations constructed between sample values using adaptations of the well-known midpoint displacement method for generating pseudo-fractional Brownian motion trajectories. The parameters defining each family are chosen interactively by specialists to incorporate their expert knowledge. Each family, or ensemble, then defines a population of values for any global characteristic (functional) such as flow rate or waste ratio. The probabilities of various outcomes are estimated by counting them and calculating their ratios. For example, if 900 out of 1000 are acceptable the chance of success is estimated to be 90%.  相似文献