GPS定位测量质量控制与分析     

林建  吴家驰  宋顺永 《福建地质》2004,23(2):89-93

据GPS定位测量的工作实践,以及对已知点坐标和内业平差计算分析,总结GPS定位测量质量控制措施,从而有效地保证成果质量,对GPS定位测量工作有较好的指导作用。  相似文献   

一种磁张量探测系统载体的磁张量补偿方法   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

张光  张英堂  尹刚  任国全  李志宁  范红波 《地球物理学报》2016,59(1):311-317

针对磁张量系统载体产生的磁张量值对系统测量精度产生很大影响的问题,以及现有磁补偿模型存在非线性、分体式和参数多的问题,提出一种磁张量系统载体的一体化线性磁张量补偿方法.分析了载体硬磁材料产生固有磁张量值和软磁材料产生感应磁张量值的微观机理,并推导了相应的数学表达式,结合固有磁场影响和感应磁场影响建立了载体磁张量补偿模型.模型中含有20个载体磁张量补偿系数,对模型求解得到补偿系数,结合三分量磁场测量值即可达到对载体磁张量的补偿.实测实验表明,磁张量补偿方法计算得到的载体磁张量值与载体实际产生的磁张量值仅差32nT/m,可以有效完成对磁张量系统的载体磁张量补偿.  相似文献   

青海湖流域生态补偿空间选择与补偿标准研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

宋晓谕  徐中民  祁元  尹小娟  葛劲松 《冰川冻土》2013,35(2):496-503

生态补偿是环境保护对策措施中的一种创新途径.以青海湖流域为研究区域, 以碳蓄积量作为主要生态系统服务目标, 结合人文调查数据和自然模拟结果, 分别采用福利成本法和最小数据方法对研究区生态补偿中的空间选择和补偿标准确定进行了分析.结果表明: 环青海湖四个县的生态补偿效率成本比分别是海晏县0.5353、 刚察县0.5398、 天峻县0.5549、 共和县0.4353.在生态补偿资金有限的情况下, 生态补偿的优先顺序依次是天峻、 刚察、 海晏, 最后是共和.若海晏县全部低盖度草地退牧则需付费328.5元·hm^-2·a^-1, 可年新增碳固定量1.7×10⁷ kg; 若刚察县全部低盖度草地退牧则需付费250.5元·hm^-2·a^-1, 可年新增碳固定量5.25×10⁷kg; 若天峻县全部低盖度草地退牧则需付费181.5元·hm^-2·a^-1, 可年新增碳固定量18.52×10⁷kg; 若共和县全部低盖度草地退牧则需付费478.5元·hm^-2·a^-1, 可年新增碳固定量2.86×10⁷kg.  相似文献   

Large‐scale real‐time hybrid simulation involving multiple experimental substructures and adaptive actuator delay compensation     

Cheng Chen  James M. Ricles 《地震工程与结构动力学》2012,41(3):549-569

Real‐time hybrid simulation provides a viable method to experimentally evaluate the performance of structural systems subjected to earthquakes. The structural system is divided into substructures, where part of the system is modeled by experimental substructures, whereas the remaining part is modeled analytically. The displacements in a real‐time hybrid simulation are imposed by servo‐hydraulic actuators to the experimental substructures. Actuator delay compensation has been shown by numerous researchers to vitally achieve reliable real‐time hybrid simulation results. Several studies have been performed on servo‐hydraulic actuator delay compensation involving single experimental substructure with single actuator. Research on real‐time hybrid simulation involving multiple experimental substructures, however, is limited. The effect of actuator delay during a real‐time hybrid simulation with multiple experimental substructures presents challenges. The restoring forces from experimental substructures may be coupled to two or more degrees of freedom (DOF) of the structural system, and the delay in each actuator must be adequately compensated. This paper first presents a stability analysis of actuator delay for real‐time hybrid simulation of a multiple‐DOF linear elastic structure to illustrate the effect of coupled DOFs on the stability of the simulation. An adaptive compensation method then proposed for the stable and accurate control of multiple actuators for a real‐time hybrid simulation. Real‐time hybrid simulation of a two‐story four‐bay steel moment‐resisting frame with large‐scale magneto‐rheological dampers in passive‐on mode subjected to the design basis earthquake is used to experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of the compensation method in minimizing actuator delay in multiple experimental substructures. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Eco-compensation of wetlands in Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province, China     

Mei Han  Jinlong Cui  Zhen Hao  Yi Wang  Renqing Wang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2012,22(1):119-126

Wetlands play an important ecological role and provide many functions for people,yet wetlands are cur-rently decreasing and deteriorating.The ability to calculate an economic value for the loss of wetlands is becoming in-creasingly important for policy makers.In this study,remote sensing,field investigations,department visits,and other methods were used to survey wetland types,assess wetland area changes,and calculate wetland economic value.Mar-ket value loss and ecological function value loss,caused by reduction of wetland area and environmental pollution were calculated using commonly accepted methods of market valuation,ecological valuation,environmental protection investment cost analysis,and outcome parameters.According to market value loss and ecological function value loss,preliminarily fund allocation for wetland and ecological compensation was calculated.This will provide an important reference for future Yellow River Delta eco-compensation studies.  相似文献   

三峡生态脆弱区耕地非市场价值评估   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

李广东  邱道持  王平 《地理学报》2011,66(4):562-575

经济补偿是破解耕地保护外部效应外溢的有效途径。耕地非市场价值是耕地保护外部效应的核心,合理评估这部分价值对耕地保护经济补偿标准的确定具有重要的参考价值。本文运用条件价值法对三峡生态脆弱区耕地非市场价值进行了评估,对712 份有效问卷统计分析表明：① 生态脆弱与贫困耦合地区居民对耕地保护及耕地非市场价值的认知存在一定差异,经济、文化、社会、政府、心理等因素影响到民众的认知水平。② 农户对耕地非市场价值支付意愿率达到76.77%,城镇居民支付意愿率仅占到64.87%。受访者往往将耕地价值与自身的切身利益结合,更多地表现为理性经济人而非理性社会人。③ Probit 回归与Logit 回归分析表明,经济社会特征对受访者的决策产生一定影响。收入限制成为影响农户决策的主导因素,而捐赠历史与耕地保护认知成为影响城镇居民决策的主导因素。④ 农户与城镇居民的最大支付意愿分别为157.92元/(户·a) 和206.28 元/(户·a)。受访者单位耕地支付意愿为607.65 元/(hm²·a),最终评估出三峡生态脆弱区耕地非市场价值约为104.26×10⁸元。  相似文献   

Compensation of actuator delay and dynamics for real‐time hybrid structural simulation     

M. Ahmadizadeh  G. Mosqueda  A. M. Reinhorn 《地震工程与结构动力学》2008,37(1):21-42

Compensation of delay and dynamic response of servo‐hydraulic actuators is critical for stability and accuracy of hybrid experimental and numerical simulations of seismic response of structures. In this study, current procedures for compensation of actuator delay are examined and improved procedures are proposed to minimize experimental errors. The new procedures require little or no a priori information about the behavior of the test specimen or the input excitation. First, a simple approach is introduced for rapid online estimation of system delay and actuator command gain, thus capturing the variability of system response through a simulation. Second, an extrapolation procedure for delay compensation, based on the same kinematics equations used in numerical integration procedures is examined. Simulations using the proposed procedures indicate a reduction in high‐frequency noise in force measurements that can minimize the excitation of high‐frequency modes. To further verify the effectiveness of the compensation procedures, the artificial energy added to a hybrid simulation as a result of actuator tracking errors is measured and used for demonstrating the improved accuracy in the simulations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

双复杂介质条件下频率空间域有限差分法保幅偏移   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

叶月明  李振春  仝兆岐  曹文俊 《地球物理学报》2008,51(5):1511-1519

油气勘探的重点正转向复杂地表条件和复杂地质条件的区域.双复杂条件下的叠前深度偏移是解决复杂地表条件和复杂地质构造成像的有效手段.基于“逐步累加”的“直接下延”法是解决复杂地表成像的有效手段,能够较好地消除地形起伏的影响.波动方程频率空间域有限差分(xwfd)叠前深度偏移对介质速度横向变化有较强的适应性,适宜于复杂构造的偏移成像,同其他常规波动方程深度偏移一样,常规的xwfd偏移方法,主要也是针对相位进行波场延拓,没有对振幅做任何处理.我们基于保幅单程波方程,推导出了基于xwfd的保幅波场延拓算子,针对xwfd求解时引入误差的影响,我们在xwfd保幅波场延拓过程中加入了误差补偿,实现了带误差补偿的xwfd保幅偏移.基于带误差补偿的xwfd保幅算子,应用适合起伏地表的直接下延法,对双复杂介质模型和实际资料进行了试算,改善了双复杂介质的成像效果.其中,误差补偿可以在若干个外推步长上进行,所以相对于保幅傅里叶有限差分(ffd)法偏移来说,该方法在改善成像质量的同时,也具有较高的运算效率.  相似文献   

海洋钻井钻柱升沉补偿系统分析          下载免费PDF全文

秦如雷  许本冲  王嘉瑞 《探矿工程》2019,46(1):22-27

随着海洋资源勘探开发由浅海到深海逐渐增多,深水钻井面临的难题也不同于陆地与浅水,如何在随着波浪起伏的钻井平台上保持钻压稳定,钻柱升沉补偿系统应运而生。钻柱升沉补偿系统应用于浮式钻井平台或钻井船,在船受风浪影响起伏颠簸时可以使钻柱保持相对静止,使钻头与孔底保持持续接触,钻压保持基本恒定,起到保护钻具,提高钻进效率的作用。本文介绍了升沉补偿系统的发展阶段和常用升沉补偿系统结构及优缺点,通过示意图说明了主动补偿系统、被动补偿系统和主被动一体式补偿系统的工作原理。同时通过实例与数据说明升沉补偿系统在提高钻速和岩心采收率方面的积极作用。  相似文献   

改进型粒子群算法及其在GPR全波形反演中的应用     

戴前伟  陈威  张彬 《物探与化探》2019,(1):90-99

探地雷达作为高精度的物探工作方法,其主要目的是反演解释地下结构的物性参数。笔者提出社会学习型粒子群优化反演方法,它以信号均方误差为目标函数,用时域有限差分方法作正演,并且针对反射波信号较弱、反演效果不佳的情况设计了对正演结果进行振幅补偿的方法,对反射波的振幅进行增益,以提高反演精度。通过与经典粒子群优化反演方法的结果对比,说明了该算法在准确度以及效率方面都有相当大的提高。经过分析多层介质仿真数据的一维反演结果,说明了该算法对多参数反演的有效性和良好的抗噪性。  相似文献