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为解决东部沿海地区台风暴雨型地质灾害易发性问题,基于浙江飞云江流域地质灾害调查成果,利用频率比及信息量模型选取相对高差、坡向、坡形、工程地质岩组、断层、地表覆盖类型、稳定性(SHALSTAB模型)7个背景因子,采用层次分析法确定各因子权重,考虑无降雨和百年一遇极端降雨两种工况,运用综合指数法对浙江飞云江流域进行地质灾害易发性评价。结果表明:该模型是致灾土体分布区定量模型和基岩区统计模型的结合,符合该区域成灾规律。考虑极端降雨因素后,易发等级逐次增加,高易发区面积增加84%,中易发区面积增加42.8%,可实现地质灾害易发性在不同工况下的动态评价。 相似文献
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加强突发地质灾害的应急防治能力建设,切实提高各级地质环境监测站地质灾害防治能力建设水平,是完善我省地质环境管理体系,确保各级政府提高地质环境管理工作决策水平和效率的先决条件。通过对四川地质灾害防治工作面临的严峻形势以及各级地质环境监测站能力建设现状的分析,结合经济社会发展以及地质环境管理工作的实际,提出了加强地质灾害防治能力建设的对策及措施建议。 相似文献
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Urban geological hazards involving ground instability can be costly, dangerous, and affect many people, yet there is little information about the extent or distribution of geohazards within Europe’s urban areas. A reason for this is the impracticality of measuring ground instability associated with the many geohazard processes that are often hidden beneath buildings and are imperceptible to conventional geological survey detection techniques. Satellite radar interferometry, or InSAR, offers a remote sensing technique to map mm-scale ground deformation over wide areas given an archive of suitable multi-temporal data. The EC FP7 Space project named PanGeo (2011–2014), used InSAR to map areas of unstable ground in 52 of Europe’s cities, representing ∼15% of the EU population. In partnership with Europe’s national geological surveys, the PanGeo project developed a standardised geohazard-mapping methodology and recorded 1286 instances of 19 types of geohazard covering 18,000 km2. Presented here is an analysis of the results of the PanGeo-project output data, which provides insights into the distribution of European urban geohazards, their frequency and probability of occurrence. Merging PanGeo data with Eurostat’s GeoStat data provides a systematic estimate of population exposures. Satellite radar interferometry is shown to be as a valuable tool for the systematic detection and mapping of urban geohazard phenomena. 相似文献
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基于海洋灾害地质评价基础上的我国近海海底稳定性区划 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
通过对我国近海灾害地质类型的分析、评价进而进行海底稳定性区划研究,旨在反映近海地质环境对人类工程活动的适宜程度。文中提出了海底稳定性评价的概念,构建了以地震动、工程地质、地貌、直接型灾害地质类型和限制型灾害地质类型为主要评价指标的海底稳定性评价指标体系,并利用层次分析法确定了各评价指标权重值;将我国近海海底划分为6′×6′的网格单元,并以近海海底灾害地质图、地震动峰值加速度区划图和地貌图等矢量化图层为数据源,建立了模糊评价模型并对近海海底稳定性进行了定量评价。在此基础上将我国近海海底区域稳定性从稳定到不稳定划分为五级。 相似文献
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Hazard analysis of seismic submarine slope instability 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Rafael Rodríguez-Ochoa Farrokh Nadim José M. Cepeda Michael A. Hicks Zhongqiang Liu 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2015,9(3):128-147
To assess the risk associated with a submarine landslide, one must estimate the probability of slope failure and its consequences. This paper proposes a procedure to estimate the probability of earthquake-induced submarine slope failure (hazard) based on probabilistic seismic hazard analyses, ground response analyses and advanced laboratory tests. The outcomes from these analyses are treated in a probabilistic framework, with analytical simulations using mathematical techniques such as the first-order reliability method, Monte Carlo simulation and Bayesian updating. Fragility curves of slope failure during the earthquake (co-seismic) and after the earthquake (post-seismic) were developed in this study, and were shown to provide a clear and well-organized procedure to estimate the annual failure probability of a submarine slope under earthquake loading. 相似文献
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许向宁 《地质灾害与环境保护》2005,16(1):36-40
在三峡库区奉节县三期地质灾害防治规划阶段调(勘)查工作的基础上,阐述了三期地质灾害防治中典型灾害点的分布特征及稳定状况,然后通过深入分析研究典型滑坡、泥石流发育的地质环境条件、成因机制、稳定性及危害情况等,总结了奉节县滑坡、泥石流发育规律,并对其复活机制进行了分析,最后在防治方案比选优化的基础上提出了三期地质灾害防治规划建议及下一步工作建议。 相似文献
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山东省地质灾害-气象预报预警研究中,受重力滑块启发,并通过分析研究地质构造、气象条件及已发地质灾害规律,发现了致灾营力当量定律。运用该定律将岩性、构造、降雨致灾因素作用统一到坡度致灾作用上,编制专用软件。以0.25km×0.25km为计算单元实现了全省空间范围的致灾营力当量计算。根据降雨诱发地质灾害危险性级别致灾营力当量阈值,追踪出地质灾害危险性预警级别。依据预警级别,发布地质灾害-气象预警信息。 相似文献
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我国区域地质灾害评价的现状及问题 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
滑坡等地质灾害的区域评价对制定区域地质灾害防治规划、指导国土资源的合理开发和地质环境的妥善保护具有重要意义，也是地质灾害风险评价与风险管理的基础。本文以滑坡灾种为典型，总结了近10年来中国在这一领域所开展的工作和所取得的进展。在此基础上，重点指出了工作中所暴露出来的一些问题和这些问题产生的原因。针对这些问题，提出了应该注意的方面和有关的对策措施。 相似文献