黄、渤海沿海大风变化特征及影响系统   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

曲巧娜  盛春岩  杨晓霞  范苏丹 《气象科学》2018,38(2):212-220

利用1981—2010年黄、渤海沿海44个气象站大风资料,根据中央气象台对近海海区的划分,分析了近30 a黄、渤海近海5海区大风的气候特征,以及通过天气分型对2008—2012年黄、渤海沿海大风的影响系统进行了统计,结果表明:近30 a黄、渤海沿海5海区日最大风速≥6级和≥8级日数呈递减趋势,1980s大风日数较多,各海区≥6级大风在1981年和1987年前后均有两个峰值。≥6级大风日数随季节变化的峰值,渤海海区出现在春季,黄海南部海区是春季、夏季8月和秋季11月,渤海海峡、黄海北部和中部海区则主要是春季和冬季。渤海海区以偏北风和南南西风为主导风向,与其他海区以北或西北风为主的特征明显不同。冷锋是黄、渤海沿海大风最主要的影响系统,其次是气旋型和高低压型大风。另外以850 h Pa温度平流的强度、冷/暖中心的强度、等温线密集带梯度、地面高/低压强度、地面大风前3 h/24 h最强变压中心强度和地面气压梯度等要素为着眼点,对不同类型的大风指标进行了分析。  相似文献   

菱刈矿床矿脉群形成的构造环境     

《地质与资源》1995,4(2):153-160

本文主要介绍菱刈矿床矿脉的赋存状态、裂隙体系分析、矿脉群赋存的构造环境。菱刈矿床属脉状浅成热液型金银矿床。矿床成因与裂隙系统的形成关系密切。矿脉群大致位于基底岩石(四万十层群)隆起的中央部位。  相似文献   

文蛤MERETRIX MERETRIX LINNAEUS工厂化人工育苗试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴洪喜  徐爱光  蔡志飞 《海洋湖沼通报》1998,(3)

文蛤的人工催产、浮游幼虫培育和稚贝水泥池培养试验结果表明：（1）用阴干与流水结合的方法刺激亲贝能获得理想俏产效果。（2）在水温28．0～29．1℃,比重1．0160—1．0187,pH值8．2－8．4条件下,用亚心形扁藻作文蛤D幼的开口饵料和壳顶幼虫饵料,生长快（日增长高达24．5μm）、成活率高（72．3％）、浮游期短（仅5－6天）。（3）文蛤眼点功出水泥池无砂底附苗试验获得成功,且单位面积附苗量高达433．3万颗／m2。（4）室内水泥池铺砂培养文蛤稚贝,前期生长快,但当壳长达300μm后,稚贝分泌一种粘液,生长和成活受到影响。建议定期翻池洗苗,当壳长达500μm后尽早将苗移至池塘内砂滩培养。  相似文献   

聚能爆破在大直径硬岩钻进中的应用及影响因素     

王海  蒋荣庆 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1999,(4)

通过对大直径硬岩钻进中常用钻进方法优缺点的分析,结合对聚能爆破原理和影响因素的探讨,提出在大直径硬岩钻进中采用聚能爆破和普通钻进方法相结合的复合钻进工艺,指出了聚能爆破在大直径硬岩钻进中具有广阔的应用前景  相似文献   

粘性土为主的地基强夯的时效性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王宏太  陈嘉福 《上海国土资源》1999,(1):6-11,25

根据浦东国际机场飞行区跑道地基强夯工程（三标）实测的不同时间的静力触探资料,讨论以粘性土为主的地基强夯强度增长的时效现象,得出：粘性土为主的地基,强夯的加艇具有滞后特性。  相似文献   

海平面及海平面变化综述     

李祥辉  张洁 《沉积与特提斯地质》1999,19(4):61-72,41

分析总结了海平面及海平面变化的有关问题,如相关概念及其关系的理解,海平面变化旋回等时性及可对比性,海平面升降曲线的表示方法、内容及绘制技术与原理,其升降幅度的定量化计算和模拟,海平面变化成因的旋回级别、动态分异及成因标识,海平面变化对沉积盆地的影响等等。提出部分建议,包括理清海平面与海平面变化,海平面升降与振荡、波动,全球与相对、高频、复合海平面,ＴＲ旋回与海平面变化等概念;限定其概念的外延、内涵及其之间的关系,以及三、四级海平面变化旋回用于同一大陆或泛大陆的对比性;分清各种表示方法、技术的使用范围,相对水深曲线转换为海平面升降曲线过程中成岩作用、构造沉降、沉积（生产）速率的影响校正及定量模拟;在海平面变化旋回级次格架下结合两种思路进行成因分析;推荐相对海平面升降成因分析按曲线对比法→构造沉降→回剥法思路进行;建议加强海平面升降变化对盆地充填响应的研究;重视对沉积矿床的控制和大陆边缘地壳变形的反弹作用过程及定量模拟。  相似文献   

用Fischer图解研究山西临汾中奥陶世马家沟组旋回层序     

翟永红 《岩石矿物学杂志》1999,18(2):128-133

山西临汾奥陶纪马家沟组顶底与上覆和下伏地层呈平行不整合,是一套沉积于广阔陆表海浅水台地上的碳酸盐、蒸发岩潮坪层序。泥晶石灰岩、白云岩、蒸发岩等岩石类型和沉积构造如鸟眼、干裂、石膏、石盐假晶、叠层石等反映出来的旋回性清晰明显。在野外共划分出了８４个旋回层,用Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ图解对马家沟组的旋回层序进行了分析,共划分出３个三级旋回,１２个四级旋回。８４个旋回层可能是因地球偏心率变化而引起的米兰柯维奇旋回  相似文献   

An approach to analysing plot scale infiltration and runoff responses to rainfall of fluctuating intensity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

David Dunkerley 《水文研究》2017,31(1):191-206

Simulated rainfall of fluctuating intensity was applied to runoff plots on bare dryland soils in order to explore a new method for analysing the non‐steady‐state responses of infiltration and overland flow. The rainfall events all averaged 10 mm/h but included intensity bursts of up to 70 mm/h and lasting 5–15 min, as well as periods of low intensity and intermittency of up to 25 min. Results were compared with traditional steady‐state estimates of infiltrability made under simulated rainfall sustained at a fixed intensity of 10 mm/h. Mean event infiltration rate averaged 13.6% higher under fluctuating intensities, while runoff ratios averaged only 63% of those seen under constant intensity. In order to understand the changing soil infiltrability, up to three affine Horton infiltration equations were fitted to segments of each experiment. All equations had the same final infiltrability f_c, but adjusted values for coefficients f₀ (initial infiltrability) and K_f (exponential decay constant) were fitted for periods of rainfall that followed significant hiatuses in rainfall, during which subsurface redistribution allowed near‐surface soil suction to recover. According to the fitted Horton equations, soil infiltrability recovered by up 10–24 mm/h during intra‐event rainfall hiatuses of 15 to 20‐min duration, contributing to higher overall event infiltration rates and to reduced runoff ratios. The recovery of infiltrability also reduced the size of runoff peaks following periods of low intensity rainfall, compared with the predictions based on single Horton infiltration equations, and in some cases, no runoff at all was recorded from late intensity peaks. The principal finding of this study is that, using a set of affine equations, the intra‐event time variation of soil infiltrability can be tracked through multiple intensity bursts and hiatuses, despite the lack of steady‐state conditions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Comparing grain size distribution of sediment and original soil under raindrop detachment and raindrop-induced and flow transport mechanism   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Mahboobeh Kiani-Harchegani  Hossein Asadi 《水文科学杂志》2018,63(2):312-323

The grain size distribution (GSD) of sediment in comparison with the original soil GSD is discussed under different slopes (5, 15 and 25%) and rainfall intensities (30, 60 and 90 mm h^–1 with respective duration of 30, 15 and 10 min) but identical runoff (15 mm). The sediment quantification was carried out by raindrop-induced flow transport (RIFT) or/and transport by flow (FT) using a rainfall simulator and a 6 × 1 m² erosion plot and a silt loam. The results show a high degree of enrichment for size classes of 2–4 and 4–8 μm and a high degree of depletion for size classes of >63 μm under different slopes and rainfall intensities. In addition, the results show that the experimental enrichment ratio (ER) for particle size <16 μm under different slopes and rainfall intensities was greater than 1, while the ER for particle size >32 μm was less than 1.  相似文献   

数字近景摄影测量建筑容积率调查技术研究     

王慧青  沙月进  王庆  胡璇 《测绘科学》2010,35(6):126-128

城市建筑容积率是城市土地利用集约化程度的一个重要标志。基于遥感影像进行容积率调查的方法应用范围广,但误差较大。本文将数字近景摄影测量技术应用于精准容积率调查,研究了基于数字地图的单张像片参数以及顾及空间固定条件的立体像对前方交会方法,实现高精度的三维坐标获取。本文将普通数码相机和PDA相结合,辅助以GPS和全站仪等,实现了价格低廉、应用灵活快速的容积率调查集成系统,能够现场完成数据采集、存储。  相似文献