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911.
A three-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate sea level and velocity variations in the South China Sea for 1992–1995. The model is driven by daily wind and daily sea surface temperature fields derived from the NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. The four-year model outputs are analyzed using time-domain Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF). Spatial and temporal variations of the first two modes from the simulation compare favorably with those derived from satellite altimetry. Mode 1, which is associated with a southern gyre, shows symmetric seasonal reversal. Mode 2, which contributes to a northern gyre, is responsible for the asymmetric seasonal and interannual variations. In winter, the southern and northern cyclonic gyres combine into a strong basin-wide cyclonic gyre. In summer, a cyclonic northern gyre and an anticyclonic southern gyre form a dipole with a jet leaving the coast of Vietnam. Interannual variations are particularly noticeable during El Niño. The winter gyre is generally weakened and confined to the southern basin, and the summer dipole structure does not form. Vertical motions weaken accordingly with the basin-wide circulation. Variations of the wind stress curl in the first two EOF modes coincide with those of the model-derived sea level and horizontal velocities. The mode 1 wind stress curl, significant in the southern basin, coincides with the reversal of the southern gyre. The mode 2 curl, large in the central basin, is responsible for the asymmetry in the winter and summer gyres. Lack of the mode 2 contribution during El Niño events weakens the circulation. The agreement indicates that changes in the wind stress curl contribute to the seasonal and interannual variations in the South China Sea. 相似文献
912.
1961—2010年青海省霜冻灾害变化特征及风险区划 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于青海省历史日最低气温、青海省农作物种植总面积、农作物产量等要素,运用数理统计构建致灾因子危险性、暴露性和灾损敏感性指数,采用图表法和指数乘积法开展青海省霜冻灾害变化特征及风险区划。结果表明,青海省作物种植区均有霜冻灾害,中心集中在东部农业区的门源、大通、互助、湟源和湟中,柴达木盆地东部的德令哈、都兰和乌兰,以及贵南和共和等地;发生时段主要在4—9月,5月发生频率最高;年际间霜冻灾害呈波动增加趋势,但趋势不显著,年代际间霜冻灾害呈显著波动增加趋势;霜冻灾害高风险区主要分布在东北部的门源、互助、大通和祁连东部。 相似文献
913.
914.
作物生长岩-土环境中不同存在形态钾素含量动态变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以较系统的观测资料,对土壤环境中的缓效态、速效态、水溶态钾素含量的动态变化进行探索.结果表明,缓效态钾的季节性动态变化制约着速效态、水溶态钾的季节性动态变化,但是后两者变化幅度较缓效态钾的大;这种动态变化同时受土壤类型和深度的影响. 相似文献
915.
916.
含铁绿柱石的改色机制研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
含铁绿柱石经γ射线辐照或特定温度热处理,可因铁价态的改变引起颜色发生相应变化。处理前后的吸收光谱和顺磁共振谱研究表明,辐作用使隧道位的Fe^2+氧化Fe%3+,八一位上的Fe^3+还原为Fe^2+,热处理使隧道位及八面体位Fe^3+均还原为Fe^2+。 相似文献
917.
黑河出山径流量年际变化特征和趋势研究 总被引:42,自引:15,他引:27
根据有关水文气象台站的观测数据,利用定级分类,滑动平均和波谱分析等方法,对黑河出山径流(莺落峡水文站)年际变化特征进行了分析研究,发现黑河出出径流的多年变化具有持续性,周期性和丰枯水变化较平稳,波幅不大等特性,并在此基础上对其未来变化的趋势进行了预测和分析。 相似文献
918.
Guo Liangqian Ying ShaofenFirst Crustal Deformation Monitoring Center CSB Tianjin China 《中国地震研究》1999,(3)
In this paper, the baseline variation and displacement vector was analyzed using the calculated results of GPS measurements carried out from 1995 to 1996 in North China. Based on these analytical results, we studied the recent tectonic activity. In general, the regional extension is dominant in the direction of proximately EW, but there is a difference in the SN direction. Extension is significant in the Shanxi fault-depression zone and Bohai region, while compression with strike-slip is characterized along the Yishui-Tancheng segment of the Tanlu fault zone. The baseline shortening zone is distributed along the Baotou-Zhangjiakou-Ninghe areas. It is a boundary zone of regional variation where many differences of crustal horizontal deformation are discovered between the southern part and the northern part of this zone. The baseline shortening zone in NE direction is distributed along the Jianchang-Tangshan-Gucheng area. It is consistent with the Tangshan-Xingtai seismic zone which indicates that tectoni 相似文献
919.
Rainfall amount in mid-summer(July and August)is much greater over eastern than western Sichuan,which are characterized by basin and plateau,respectively.It is shown that the interannual variations of extreme rainfall over these two regions are roughly independent,and they correspond to distinct anomalies of both large-scale circulation and sea surface temperature(SST).The enhanced extreme rainfall over western Sichuan is associated with a southward shift of the Asian westerly jet,while the enhanced extreme rainfall over eastern Sichuan is associated with an anticyclonic anomaly in the upper troposphere over China.At low levels,on the other hand,the enhanced extreme rainfall over western Sichuan is related to two components of wind anomalies,namely southwesterly over southwestern Sichuan and northeasterly over northeastern Sichuan,which favor more rainfall under the effects of the topography.Relatively speaking,the enhanced extreme rainfall over eastern Sichuan corresponds to the low-level southerly anomalies to the east of Sichuan,which curve into northeasterly anomalies over the basin when they encounter the mountains to the north of the basin.Therefore,it can be concluded that the topography in and around Sichuan plays a crucial role in inducing extreme rainfall both over western and eastern Sichuan.Finally,the enhanced extreme rainfall in western and eastern Sichuan is related to warmer SSTs in the Maritime Continent and cooler SSTs in the equatorial central Pacific,respectively. 相似文献
920.
Contribution of new AAM data source to δLOD excitation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Data sets of the changes of the length of day (ΔLOD) measured by space geodetic techniques and of the atmospheric angular
momentum (AAM) derived from global meteorological data by the National Meteorological Center (NMC) and the National Centers
for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) are used to reanalyze and study the excitations
of ΔLOD, and to examine and compare the contribution of each AAM series to ΔLOD. The main results are as follows.
1. The AAM reanalyzed with the assimilated global meteorological data by NCEP/NCAR are more accurate and have lower noise
than the original AAM derived by NMC. The NCEP/NCAR-based AAM is more consistent with the changes of the length-of-day series.
2. The NCEP reanalysed AAM data may better explain the non-tidal LOD variations on intraseasonal to interannual time scales,
especially on the quasi-biennial time scale. The atmosphere cannot, however, explain all LOD variations; other excitation
sources are possible.
3. The effects of atmosphere on the estimated values of tides for ΔLOD components up to a month are weak. The preliminary
results of the annual and semiannual tides can be estimated after removing the effects of atmosphere from ΔLOD.
Received: 27 May 1998 / Accepted: 22 March 1999 相似文献