地球物理资料群体智能反演(英文)   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

袁三一  王尚旭  田楠 《应用地球物理》2009,6(2):166-174

复杂地球物理资料的反演问题往往是一个求解多参数非线性多极值的最优解问题。而鸟和蚂蚁等群体觅食的过程,正好与寻找地球物理反演最优解的过程相似。基于自然界群体协调寻优的思想,本文提出了交叉学科的群体智能地球物理资料反演方法,并给出了其对应的数学模型。用一个有无限多个局部最优解的已知模型对该类方法进行了试验。然后,将它们应用到了不同的复杂地球物理反演问题中:(1)对噪声敏感的线性问题;(2)非线性和线性同步反演问题;(3)非线性问题。反演结果表明,群体智能反演是可行的。与常规遗传算法和模拟退火法相比,该类方法有收敛速度相对快、收敛精度相对高等优点;与拟牛顿法和列文伯格一马夸特法相比,该类方法有能跳出局部最优解等优点。  相似文献   

二阶精度广义非线性全局最优的偏移速度反演方法(英文)     

赵太银  胡光岷  贺振华  黄德济 《应用地球物理》2009,6(2):138-149

如何快速、精确地利用叠前深度偏移进行偏移速度分析是勘探地震学的一项重要研究内容,针对该问题,本文提出一种二阶精度广义非线性全局最优的偏移速度反演方法。我们将首先去掉速度模型修正量与成象深度差呈线性关系的假设,推导出具有二阶精度的速度模型修正量计算公式,使每一次迭代得到的速度模型尽可能地接近实际模型;然后采用广义非线性反演方法反演获得对所有道集的全局最优的速度模型修正量,不仅极大地加快了收敛速度,而且反演过程中陷入局部极小的可能性也减小了。理论模型和Marmousi模型的处理结果表明:本方法精度高、处理速度快,提高了偏移速度分析方法的实用性和对复杂构造成像的准确性。  相似文献   

东营凹陷负反转构造样式及其运动学特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

阳怀忠  任建业  陆金波 《地球科学》2009,34(3):493-501

中、新生代强烈的负反转作用是东营凹陷构造演化的一个重要特色.为了解负反转构造对东营凹陷中、新生代盆地形成过程中的意义, 以高分辨率三维地震资料解释为基础, 详细刻画了东营凹陷负反转构造几何学样式, 并综合运用计算断层活动速率和负反转率以及编制地层位移-距离曲线等方法, 对东营凹陷负反转断层运动学特征进行了系统的定量研究.结果表明, 东营凹陷J₃-K₁和Ek-Es₄两期盆地的主体均是印支期逆冲断层发生负反转作用所致, 总的负反转率约为3.367~8.3, 其中J₃-K₁时期负反转率为1.388~3.904;负反转构造最终定型于Es₃-Es₂时期; 负反转作用在空间上呈现出SW至NE逐渐增强的演变规律.东营凹陷负反转构造的研究对于盆地内部深层油气藏的勘探具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值.   相似文献   

迭代增量法分析地下连续墙的受力性状   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

冯世进  陈晓霞  高广运  张建新 《岩土力学》2009,30(1):226-230

围护结构的位移是影响土压力的重要因素,目前深基坑中地下连续墙分析时采用的增量法没有考虑墙体位移对增量荷载的影响。根据墙体位移对增量荷载的影响,假设在每一步开挖过程中围护墙体位移不变,由此确定初始增量荷载。根据计算得到的位移,用迭代法对增量荷载进行修正,分析地下连续墙的变形和内力。最后,通过与实测资料的对比,证实了迭代增量法的合理性。  相似文献   

变参数DCD算法在岩土工程位移反分析中的应用     

江浩  汪稔  吕颖慧 《岩土力学》2009,30(Z1):282-286

常规DCD(dynamic canonical descent)算法具有全局优化能力且无需考虑目标函数的可微性,只要预先定义优化空间即可,但是该算法的收敛速度有限,为此提出了变参数DCD算法,并建立了其相应的算法迭代格式。在数值试验和工程应用中将该变参数DCD算法与常规的DCD算法进行比较,其结果均表明：变参数DCD算法在全局优化能力和收敛速度上找到了一个均衡点,该算法不仅具有DCD算法的全局优化能力,而且收敛时所需的目标函数评估次数少,在优化过程中该算法展示出了稳定性强且优化结果可靠度高的一面。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地西北缘冲断构造新解          下载免费PDF全文

孟家峰郭召杰  方世虎 《地学前缘》2009,16(3):171-180

摘要：准噶尔盆地西北缘最重要的构造特征是发育一组冲断构造。对这组冲断构造的冲断时限和冲断性质的认识不同,导致对准噶尔盆地的属性存在断陷盆地与前陆盆地之争。西北缘花岗岩及其中发育的岩墙群的精确年龄限定了研究区在314～255 Ma中处于伸展状态。西北缘侏罗系沉积范围较三叠系广,早侏罗世发育碱性玄武岩,这些都表明准噶尔盆地在侏罗纪处于伸展阶段,盆地范围不断扩大。西北缘晚三叠世地层不整合覆盖于花岗岩之上,这种现象将本区冲断构造发生的时间限定为晚二叠世至早三叠世,最晚不超过晚三叠世。在地震资料解释的西北缘剖面上,冲断构造的前缘二叠纪地层平缓且厚度稳定。西北缘二叠系发育火山岩,沉积层序具从下到上粒度由粗变细的正旋回沉积特征,沉积速率稳定,沉降曲线由陡变缓,且古地温梯度和大地热流值均较高。西北缘的圈闭类型以岩性地层等非构造圈闭为主,以构造 岩性圈闭为辅。笔者认为西北缘冲断构造的性质是在314～255 Ma伸展阶段与侏罗纪伸展阶段之间发育的一次短期反转构造,发育基底卷入的高角度冲断带,并非大规模与造山作用相关的前陆冲断带。  相似文献   

新疆博格达山的构造演化及其与油气的关系   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

汪新伟  汪新文  马永生 《现代地质》2007,21(1):116-124

博格达山的构造演化及其造山作用的时间是一个长期争议且缺乏系统研究的问题。在野外调查的基础上,充分吸收前人成果,综合运用岩浆岩地球化学特征、不整合-沉积旋回、古流向及沉积物扩散方向等分析手段,对博格达山的构造演化进行了精细的剖析。结果表明:博格达山的构造演化主要经历了3期构造反转,即中-晚石炭世的裂陷海槽与晚石炭世末的弱造山期、早-中二叠世的裂陷盆地与晚二叠世-三叠纪和晚三叠世末的古博格达山隆升-夷平期以及早-中侏罗世的弱伸展盆地与晚侏罗世以来的现今博格达山阶段性隆升期;博格达山南缘柴窝堡凹陷地区印支期形成的NE向构造是油气勘探的有利区带。  相似文献   

Turbulence Statistics Above And Within Two Amazon Rain Forest Canopies   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

B. Kruijt  Y. Malhi  J. Lloyd  A. D. Norbre  A. C. Miranda  M. G. P. Pereira  A. Culf  J. Grace 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2000,94(2):297-331

The turbulence structure in two Amazon rain forestswas characterised for a range of above-canopystability conditions, and the results compared withprevious studies in other forest canopies and recenttheory for the generation of turbulent eddies justabove forest canopies. Three-dimensional wind speedand temperature fluctuation data were collectedsimultaneously at up to five levels inside and abovetwo canopies of 30–40 m tall forests, during threeseparate periods. We analysed hourly statistics, jointprobability distributions, length scales, spatialcorrelations and coherence, as well as power spectraof vertical and horizontal wind speed.The daytime results show a sharp attenuation ofturbulence in the top third of the canopies, resultingin very little movement, and almost Gaussianprobability distributions of wind speeds, in the lowercanopy. This contrasts with strongly skewed andkurtotic distributions in the upper canopy. At night,attenuation was even stronger and skewness vanishedeven in the upper canopy. Power spectral peaks in thelower canopy are shifted to lower frequencies relativeto the upper canopy, and spatial correlations andcoherences were low throughout the canopy. Integrallength scales of vertical wind speed at the top of thecanopy were small, about 0.15 h compared to avalue of 0.28 h expected from the shear lengthscale at the canopy top, based on the hypothesis that theupper canopy air behaves as a plane mixing layer. Allthis suggests that, although exchange is not totallyinhibited, tropical rain forest canopies differ from other forests in that rapid, coherentdownward sweeps do not penetrate into the lowercanopy, and that length scales are suppressed. This isassociated with a persistent inversion of stability inthat region compared to above-canopy conditions. Theinversion is likely to be maintained by strong heatabsorption in the leaves concentrated near thecanopy top, with the generally weak turbulence beingunable to destroy the temperature gradients over thelarge canopy depth.  相似文献   

上海一次龙卷风过程分析   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

陈永林 《气象》2000,26(9):19-23

在分析环流背景的基础上结合风廓线仪探测资料对“990 90 6”龙卷风作了较为详细的物理剖析。分析发现 ,途经上海市的 990 9号热带风暴的残留涡旋由于西风槽的切入 ,动量迅速增大 ,形成中尺度强对流辐合云团 ,其中生成了 4个龙卷风暴。龙卷风暴在成熟阶段其环境气团的低空暖气柱逆温结构十分明显 ,垂直测风突然逆转了 36 0°。沙氏指数 SI小于 - 6℃ ,气层极不稳定。  相似文献   

Site effects at Euroseistest—I. Determination of the valley structure and confrontation of observations with 1D analysis     

D Raptakis  F.J Chvez-Garc&#x;&#x;a  K Makra  K Pitilakis 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2000,19(1):411

This paper describes the process of construction of the 2D model of Volvi's geological structure and results of empirical and theoretical approaches to the evaluation of site response at Euroseistest. The construction of the 2D model is based on a re-interpretation of the available geophysical and geotechnical data in an effort to improve the definition of the subsoil structure at Euroseistest in terms of the most important parameters needed to model site response. The results of this re-interpretation are compared with a previous published 2D model of the same alluvial valley. Different analysis of the measurements and different criteria in the synthesis of data have led to a different model, even if both studies had access to the same field measurements. This underscores the fact that a model results of an interpretation and is not uniquely determined by the data, no matter how detailed they are. The well known subsoil structure opened the possibility to correlate the geometry and the dynamic properties of the 2D model with the results of site response determined from a detailed analysis of two events in frequency and time domains and 1D numerical modeling. The study of site response shows the important effect of the lateral variations on the ground motion and suggests that the contribution of locally generated surface waves to the resonant peak may be important. In the case of Volvi's graben, the limitations of the 1D approximation to simulate ground motion under complex soil conditions in both frequency and time domains are also shown. This paper lays the ground for a companion article dealing with 2D site effects in this basin.  相似文献