跨国零售企业在华区位研究——以沃尔玛和家乐福为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

贺灿飞  李燕  尹薇 《世界地理研究》2011,20(1):12-26

与制造业外资高度集聚在沿海地区不同,服务业外资则沿着中国城市体系布局,消费者外资服务业在渗透大城市市场的同时,以等级式扩散方式向内陆地区城市扩张,以蔓延式扩散方式在都市圈内扩张。本文以沃尔玛和家乐福为例,研究跨国零售企业在中国的空间扩张。截止到2009年,沃尔玛超市已经渗透到许多中等城市,主要以等级式扩散方式进行空间扩张。家乐福超市则主要集中在珠三角、长三角和京津冀都市圈,在各都市圈内部蔓延式扩张。二项式逻辑模型分析表明,家乐福更重视本地化零售业市场规模与潜力,偏好零售业开放时间较长的城市,同时也关注竞争对手沃尔玛新开门店的城市选择。沃尔玛则重视利用零售业集聚经济和规模经济以及家乐福门店城市选择策略,但不在意本地零售业市场规模及其开放政策制度的影响。综合其空间扩散模式、物流配送以及区位选择行为,本文认为两个企业在中国采取了全球化与本土化兼顾的战略,从而得以在中国实现快速扩张。  相似文献   

宝昌火山盆地骆驼山地区781矿点铀矿化 三维模型与定位预测     

薛伟  李洪军  彭云彪  剡鹏兵  黄宝峰 《地质论评》2013,59(6):1227-1234

宝昌火山盆地骆驼山地区781矿点位于燕辽构造岩浆活动带西段,是著名燕辽铀成矿带内新近勘查发现的重要矿化区之一。通过对矿区73个钻孔、地形、地层及剖面资料的综合研究,利用Surpac三维软件首次建立了781矿点铀矿化的可视化三维模型,直观地显示了地形、地层、构造、矿体的空间变化特征。地层、构造及矿体三维模型联合研究表明,新识别出的Fa隐伏断裂是最直接的导矿构造和控矿构造,上侏罗统玛尼吐组火山地层为重要含矿层和铀源层。掌握781矿点关键控矿因素,结合矿体空间赋存、分布规律等研究结果,利用Surpac软件在深部定位预测找矿靶区Ⅰ区和Ⅱ区,其具有较精确的空间三维坐标,对深部找矿具有重要指导意义。  相似文献   

西北地区1：5万区域地质图数据库建设及应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷桂侠  刘荣梅  韩媛  夏建勋  郝维杰  余晓红  张娟霞  李红霞  石小亚  乔玉兰 《西北地质》2013,(4):231-240

西北地区1：5万区域地质图数据库建设工作起始于1999年,经过15年建库工作,至2013年底西北地区已完成801幅1：5万区域地质图空间数据库、元数据库及相关文档,编制了西北地区1：5万区域地质图空间数据库建设工作程度图。通过数据积累,已形成西北地区大型综合性大比例尺基础数据库阶段性成果,修复抢救了西北五省（区）1：5万区域地质调查成果资料。1：5万区域地质图空间数据库建设,采用了统一的建库标准、合理的技术路线和可靠的数据质量监控方法,形成了完善的空间数据库建设质量控制体系,从数学基础、空间精度、拓扑一致性、属性正确性等方面保证了数据质量。该数据库信息量丰富,具备面向对象特点,数据模型符合地质实际,形成了可满足政府和社会公益需求的系列产品。目前,已在地质调查研究、矿产资源潜力评价、生态环境评估等方面得到广泛应用。  相似文献   

Repeating aftershocks of the great 2004 Sumatra and 2005 Nias earthquakes     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

We investigate repeating aftershocks associated with the great 2004 Sumatra–Andaman (Mw 9.2) and 2005 Nias–Simeulue (Mw 8.6) earthquakes by cross-correlating waveforms recorded by the regional seismographic station PSI and teleseismic stations. We identify 10 and 18 correlated aftershock sequences associated with the great 2004 Sumatra and 2005 Nias earthquakes, respectively. The majority of the correlated aftershock sequences are located near the down-dip end of a large afterslip patch. We determine the precise relative locations of event pairs among these sequences and estimate the source rupture areas. The correlated event pairs identified are appropriately referred to as repeating aftershocks, in that the source rupture areas are comparable and significantly overlap within a sequence. We use the repeating aftershocks to estimate afterslip based on the slip-seismic moment scaling relationship and to infer the temporal decay rate of the recurrence interval. The estimated afterslip resembles that measured from the near-field geodetic data to the first order. The decay rate of repeating aftershocks as a function of lapse time t follows a power-law decay 1/t^p with the exponent p in the range 0.8–1.1. Both types of observations indicate that repeating aftershocks are governed by post-seismic afterslip.  相似文献   

Development of spectral hazard maps for a proposed revision of the Indonesian Seismic Building Code     

《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(1):35-47

The need to revise the current Indonesian Seismic Hazard Map contained in Indonesian Earthquake Resistant Building Code SNI 03-1726-2002 which partially adopts the concept of UBC 1997, was driven among others by the desire to better reflect the potential larger earthquake disasters faced by the nation in the future. The much larger than maximum predicted Aceh Earthquake (M _w 9.0–9.3) of 2004, followed by the destruction observed during the 2005 Nias Earthquake (M _w 8.7) urgently underline to need to consider the new conceptual approach and technological shift shown in the transition of UBC 1997 to IBC 2006. This paper presents research works for developing spectral hazard maps for Indonesia. Some improvements in seismic hazard analysis were implemented using recent seismic records. Seismic sources were modeled by background, fault, and subduction zones by considering a truncated exponential model, pure characteristic model or both models. A logic tree method was performed to account for the epistemic uncertainty and several attenuation functions were selected. Maps of PGA and spectral accelerations for a short period (0.2 s) and for a 1-s period were then developed using a probabilistic approach. The maps will be proposed as a revision for the current seismic hazard map in the Indonesian Seismic Building Code.  相似文献   

1:500万国际亚洲地质图   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

任纪舜  牛宝贵  王军  和政军  金小赤  谢良珍  赵磊  刘仁燕  江小均  李舢  杨付岭 《地球学报》2013,34(1):24-30

1:500万国际亚洲地质图(IGMA5000)是由世界地质图委员会(CGMW)的4个分会、亚欧20个国家的100余名地质学家合作完成的。这是CGMW旗下,第一份IGMA5000;第一份以亚洲为主体,又包括邻区,既表示大陆地质,又表示海底地质的IGMA5000;第一份按国际标准,在ArcGIS平台上编制的数字化IGMA5000。图幅西起阿尔卑斯,东到马里亚纳海沟,北起北冰洋,南到爪哇海沟。从这张图上,不仅可以解读亚洲地质,而且可以研究亚洲与相邻大陆和海洋的地质构造关系。IGMA5000的完成,为亚洲大地构造、成矿规律和资源环境研究建立了一个坚实的基础。  相似文献   

The ENSO Events in the Tropical Pacific and Dipole Events in the Indian Ocean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

CHAO Jiping  CHAO Qingchen  LIU Lin 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2006,20(2):223-231

A depth map (close to that of the thermocline as defined by 20℃) of climatically maximum seatemperature anomaly was created at the subsurface of the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean, based on which the evolving sea-temperature anomaly at this depth map from 1960 to 2000 was statistically analyzed. It is noted that the evolving sea temperature anomaly at this depth map can be better analyzed than the evolving sea surface one. For example, during the ENSO event in the tropical Pacific, the seatemperature anomaly signals travel counter-clockwise within the range of 10°S-10°N, and while moving, the signals change in intensity or even type. If Dipole is used in the tropical Indian Ocean for analyzing the depth map of maximum sea-temperature anomaly, the sea-temperature anomalies of the eastern and western Indian Oceans would be negatively correlated in statistical sense (Dipole in real physical sense), which is unlike the sea surface temperature anomaly based analysis which demonstrates that the inter-annual positive and negative changes only occur on the gradients of the western and eastern temperature anomalies. Further analysis shows that the development of ENSO and Dipole has a time lag features statistically, with the sea-temperature anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific changing earlier (by three months or so). And the linkage between these two changes is a pair of coupled evolving Walker circulations that move reversely in the equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans.  相似文献   

巴林左旗-阿鲁科尔沁旗5.9级地震余震序列精确定位及分布特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘芳  曹井泉 《东北地震研究》2004,20(4):22-27

2003年8月16日内蒙古巴林左旗与阿鲁科尔沁旗间发生5．9级地震，使内蒙古东部地震活动再次进入活跃阶段。通过对巴林左旗-阿鲁科尔沁旗5．9级地震余震序列分析表明，序列的空间位置变化不太大，集中发生在较小的区域内，说明该震震源体较小。整个余震序列以NWW向条带分布为主，条带的走向与宏观烈度等值线长轴方向及震源机制B节面方向一致。ML≥3．0余震形成NW和NE两条相互垂直的条带，主震发生在NW条带的北西端。分析余震序列深度剖面图，说明NW向可能为此次地震的主破裂方向。  相似文献   

航空流网络解构与空域资源动态配置研究——以京-成空中廊道为例     

董雅晴  路紫  张一诺  冯富晶  闫宇航 《地理与地理信息科学》2022,38(1):116-123,132

空中廊道作为一种新型航空流组织与空域资源分配方式,是一种复杂的航空流网络,解析其结构特征并评估其结构性能是实现空域资源动态配置的前提。该文通过构建网格时空图方法,以京—成空中廊道为例进行航空流网络解构研究,包括基于航迹簇的网络构型、流量时空波动与航空流聚合分化三方面,据此提出空域资源动态配置方案。研究结论如下:1)以多种邻近阈值指示航迹交叉角度持续增大,检测出航空流网络存在平行流、交叉流、全覆盖流和半覆盖流4种构型,基于其占比和特征的显著差异性提出并行扩容调整方案;2)以高频数网格点状或短线状集中分布指示流量时空波动,检测出航空流网络存在两个不同内涵的时间高峰、以距离中值区为近似对称轴的空间高峰以及在区段间漂移的时空交互高峰,进而提出时间错峰调整方案;3)以网格属性指示聚合分化点的分布,检测出航空流网络阶梯递减、高值集聚和叠合特征,相应提出动态快速分化分流调整方案。  相似文献   

基于MapGIS组件技术实现等值线平面图极值点的标注     

龚红蕾  刘俊长  师淑娟  张亚东 《物探化探计算技术》2013,35(5)

利用MapGIS组件(COM)技术,在Visual Basic环境中编写了等值线图极值标注程序.程序首先利用MapGIS组件技术构造了含有物化探数据的点工作区,然后读入MapGIS等值线区文件(.wp).通过对闭合区的弧段数目的判断,挑选出包含极值点的MapGIS区实体.通过点对极值区的相交分析,提取出极值区内的数据.对提取的数据求取极值,并用该极值与圈闭它的等值线高程值进行比较,确定极值是极大值还是极小值,最后形成极值标泣点文件(.wt),从而完成了等值线平面图极值的标注.  相似文献