创新校企合作"双导师制"构建高职测绘类专业教学新体系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘文龙  赵小平 《北京测绘》2009,(3):89-91,83

目前我国高职测量类专业人才培养中存在的关键问题之一是实践动手能力不强，不能更好地满足用人单位的实际需要。究其原因，在于缺少一套科学有效的学生培养机制。本文通过探讨基于建立工学结合教学下的高职院校校企合作“双导师制”培养体系，加强高校与企业的联系，实现校企之间的“无缝对接”，为高职测绘类专业学生培养改革提供新的思路。  相似文献   

地理信息公共服务的若干思考   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

徐敬仙  段志强 《地理空间信息》2009,7(5):65-68

在总结几位专家观点的基础上，结合作者的工作体会，对地理信息公共服务的本质、现有基础、总体架构、应用模式、平台解决方案等多个方面进行了探讨，并提出了地理信息公共服务需要信息化测绘、指引地理信息产业化的观点。  相似文献   

A global map of rainfed cropland areas (GMRCA) at the end of last millennium using remote sensing     

Chandrashekhar M. Biradar  Prasad S. Thenkabail  Praveen Noojipady  Yuanjie Li  Venkateswarlu Dheeravath  Hugh Turral  Manohar Velpuri  Murali K. Gumma  Obi Reddy P. Gangalakunta  Xueliang L. Cai  Xiangming Xiao  Mitchell A. Schull  Ranjith D. Alankara  Sarath Gunasinghe  Sadir Mohideen 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009

The overarching goal of this study was to produce a global map of rainfed cropland areas (GMRCA) and calculate country-by-country rainfed area statistics using remote sensing data. A suite of spatial datasets, methods and protocols for mapping GMRCA were described. These consist of: (a) data fusion and composition of multi-resolution time-series mega-file data-cube (MFDC), (b) image segmentation based on precipitation, temperature, and elevation zones, (c) spectral correlation similarity (SCS), (d) protocols for class identification and labeling through uses of SCS R²-values, bi-spectral plots, space-time spiral curves (ST-SCs), rich source of field-plot data, and zoom-in-views of Google Earth (GE), and (e) techniques for resolving mixed classes by decision tree algorithms, and spatial modeling. The outcome was a 9-class GMRCA from which country-by-country rainfed area statistics were computed for the end of the last millennium. The global rainfed cropland area estimate from the GMRCA 9-class map was 1.13 billion hectares (Bha). The total global cropland areas (rainfed plus irrigated) was 1.53 Bha which was close to national statistics compiled by FAOSTAT (1.51 Bha). The accuracies and errors of GMRCA were assessed using field-plot and Google Earth data points. The accuracy varied between 92 and 98% with kappa value of about 0.76, errors of omission of 2–8%, and the errors of commission of 19–36%.  相似文献   

中国1∶100万景观生态制图设计   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

程维明  柴慧霞  龙恩  刘海江  张旸 《地球信息科学学报》2004,(4)

中国1∶100万景观生态图系借鉴国内外传统景观制图方法和制图规范,在遥感、地理信息系统先进技术的支持下,设计研制其制图方法、制图内容、样图和技术流程,同时提出初步的景观分类系统,为今后编制中国1∶100万景观生态图奠定基础。  相似文献   

如何使用AutoGAD 2004编制图切剖面图     

张凯  何英 《贵州地质》2007,24(2):161-164

MAPGIS和AutoCAD 2004是地质勘查行业使用较为广泛的数字制图软件,二者各有优劣。本文介绍了一种在MAPGIS制作完成的地形地质图上,利用AutoCAD 2004制图程序完成图切剖面图编制的方法。  相似文献   

区域化探数据在浅覆盖区地质填图中的应用方法研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

郝立波  陆继龙李 龙莫根生  严光生时艳香 赵玉岩 《中国地质》2007,34(4):710-715

区域化探数据包含丰富的地质信息,可用于浅覆盖区区域地质填图。笔者系统研究了浅覆盖区水系沉积物化学成分与基岩化学成分的关系,利用水系沉积物氧化物成分,以区域岩石化学成分为约束,提出了基岩化学成分推断方法;根据水系沉积物与其矿物化学成分间质量平衡关系,提出了基岩矿物组成推断方法。在此基础上提出了地球化学推断地质图的编制方法,并在典型森林-沼泽浅覆盖区进行了试验,地质调查和钻探工程验证了该方法的有效性。充分利用区域化探资料,提取地质填图信息,是提高浅覆盖区地质填图质量的有效途径。  相似文献   

A GIS-based methodology for hazard mapping of small volume pyroclastic density currents     

G. P. Toyos  P. D. Cole  A. Felpeto  J. Martí 《Natural Hazards》2007,41(1):99-112

We present here a methodology implemented within a geographical information system (GIS) for hazard mapping of small volume pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). This technique is implemented as a set of macros written in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) that run within GIS-software (i.e. ArcGIS). Based on the energy line concept, we calibrated an equation that relates the volume (V) and the mobility (ΔH/L) of single PDCs using data from Soufrière Hills volcano (Montserrat) and Arenal volcano (Costa Rica). Maximum potential run-outs can be predicted with an associated uncertainty of about 30%. Also based on the energy line concept and with data from Soufrière Hills volcano and Mt. St. Helens (USA), we were able to calibrate an equation that predicts the flow velocity as a function of the vertical distance between the energy line and the ground surface (Δh). Velocities derived in this way have an associated uncertainty of 3 m s⁻¹. We wrote code to implement these equations and allow the automatic mapping of run-out and velocity with the inputs being (i) the height and location of the vent (ii) the flow volume and (iii) a digital elevation model (DEM) of the volcano. Dynamic pressure can also be estimated and mapped by incorporating the density of the pyroclastic density current (PDC). This computer application allows the incorporation of uncertainties in the location of the vent and of statistical uncertainties expressed by the 95% confidence limits of the regression model. We were able to verify predictions by the proposed methodology with data from Unzen volcano (Japan) and Mayon volcano (The Philippines). The consistencies observed highlight the applicability of this approach for hazard mitigation and real-time emergency management.  相似文献   

基于地理信息元组的分类预测理论及应用——以中亚矿集区预测为例     

陈川  周可法  薛重生  孙宝生  张晓帆 《干旱区地理》2007,30(4):65-572

地理信息科学的迅速发展为矿集区预测提供了新的理论依据,使地理信息理论、相应的技术方法组合及应用的整体研究成为可能。在大量理论和实验研究的基础上提出了基于地理信息元组的分类预测理论体系,该理论体系由六个概念、一个空间信息本质、两个空间信息特性以及六个空间信息相关方法和约定的构成。并在该理论体系基础上结合空间数据分析方法和探索式空间数据分析方法,建立了基于地理信息元组的分类预测模型。应用该模型在中亚区域实现了Au矿集区预测目标。为中亚成矿域中其它区域(如新疆)的矿集区预测研究奠定了理论与方法论基础。  相似文献   

Hierarchical probabilistic regionalization of volcanism for Sengan region,Japan     

Pinnaduwa H. S. W. Kulatilake  Jinyong Park  Pirahas Balasingam  Sean A. Mckenna 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2007,25(1):79-102

A 1 km square regular grid system created on the Universal Transverse Mercator zone 54 projected coordinate system is used to work with volcanism related data for Sengan region. The following geologic variables were determined as the most important for identifying volcanism: geothermal gradient, groundwater temperature, heat discharge, groundwater pH value, presence of volcanic rocks and presence of hydrothermal alteration. Data available for each of these important geologic variables were used to perform directional variogram modeling and kriging to estimate geologic variable vectors at each of the 23949 centers of the chosen 1 km cell grid system. Cluster analysis was performed on the 23949 complete variable vectors to classify each center of 1 km cell into one of five different statistically homogeneous groups with respect to potential volcanism spanning from lowest possible volcanism to highest possible volcanism with increasing group number. A discriminant analysis incorporating Bayes’ theorem was performed to construct maps showing the probability of group membership for each of the volcanism groups. The said maps showed good comparisons with the recorded locations of volcanism within the Sengan region. No volcanic data were found to exist in the group 1 region. The high probability areas within group 1 have the chance of being the no volcanism region. Entropy of classification is calculated to assess the uncertainty of the allocation process of each 1 km cell center location based on the calculated probabilities. The recorded volcanism data are also plotted on the entropy map to examine the uncertainty level of the estimations at the locations where volcanism exists. The volcanic data cell locations that are in the high volcanism regions (groups 4 and 5) showed relatively low mapping estimation uncertainty. On the other hand, the volcanic data cell locations that are in the low volcanism region (group 2) showed relatively high mapping estimation uncertainty. The volcanic data cell locations that are in the medium volcanism region (group 3) showed relatively moderate mapping estimation uncertainty. Areas of high uncertainty provide locations where additional site characterization resources can be spent most effectively. The new data collected can be added to the existing database to perform future regionalized mapping and reduce the uncertainty level of the existing estimations.  相似文献   

Landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS and digital photogrammetric techniques: a case study from Ardesen (NE-Turkey)   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3  

Ali Yalcin  Fikri Bulut 《Natural Hazards》2007,41(1):201-226

Ardesen is a settlement area which has been significantly damaged by frequent landslides which are caused by severe rainfalls and result in many casualties. In this study a landslide susceptibility map of Ardesen was prepared using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the help of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Digital Photogrametry Techniques (DPT). A landslide inventory, lithology–weathering, slope, aspect, land cover, shear strength, distance to the river, stream density and distance to the road thematics data layers were used to create the map. These layer maps are produced using field, laboratory and office studies, and by the use of GIS and DPT. The landslide inventory map is also required to determine the relationship between these maps and landslides using DPT. In the study field in the Hemsindere Formation there are units that have different weathering classes, and this significantly affects the shear strength of the soil. In this study, shear strength values are calculated in great detail with field and laboratory studies and an additional layer is evaluated with the help of the stability studies used to produce the landslide susceptibility map. Finally, an overlay analysis is carried out by evaluating the layers obtained according to their weight, and the landslide susceptibility map is produced. The study area was classified into five classes of relative landslide susceptibility, namely, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. Based on this analysis, the area and percentage distribution of landslide susceptibility degrees were calculated and it was found that 28% of the region is under the threat of landslides. Furthermore, the landslide susceptibility map and the landslide inventory map were compared to determine whether the models produced are compatible with the real situation resulting in compatibility rate of 84%. The total numbers of dwellings in the study area were determined one by one using aerial photos and it was found that 30% of the houses, with a total occupancy of approximately 2,300 people, have a high or very high risk of being affected by landslides.  相似文献