Performance of a base isolator with shape memory alloy bars   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Fabio Casciati  Lucia Faravelli  Karim Hamdaoui 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2007,6(4):401-408

A new and innovative base isolation device is introduced in this paper based on extensive research carried out by the authors and their co-workers. A prototype of the device was built and experimentally tested on the shaking table. The new base isolation device consists of two disks, one vertical cylinder with an upper enlargement sustained by three horizontal cantilevers, and at least three inclined shape memory alloy (SMA) bars. The role of the SMA bars is to limit the relative motion between the base and the superstructure, to dissipate energy by their super-elastic constitutive law and to guarantee the re-centring of the device. To verify the expected performance, a prototype was built and tested under sinusoidal waves of displacement of increasing frequency with different amplitudes. It is shown that the main feature of the proposed base isolation device is that for cyclic loading, the super-elastic behavior of the alloy results in wide load-displacement loops, where a large amount of energy is dissipated.  相似文献   

SMA复合摩擦阻尼器性能的试验研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

薛素铎  石光磊  庄鹏 《地震工程与工程振动》2007,27(2):145-151

利用形状记忆合金(SMA)的超弹性效应及高阻尼性能,结合传统Pall摩擦型阻尼器的特点,提出了一种SMA复合摩擦阻尼器。在建立阻尼器力学分析模型的基础上,对SMA复合摩擦阻尼器的性能进行了试验研究,分析了位移幅值、加载频率等对阻尼器的等效刚度、单位循环耗能和等效阻尼比的影响,并与理论分析结果进行了对比。研究表明,SMA复合摩擦阻尼器在加卸载循环下会形成比较稳定的滞回曲线,表明这种阻尼器具有良好的耗能能力。  相似文献   

Machine learning for pore-water pressure time-series prediction: Application of recurrent neural networks     

Xin Wei  Lulu Zhang  Hao-Qing Yang  Limin Zhang  Yang-Ping Yao 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(1):453-467

Knowledge of pore-water pressure(PWP)variation is fundamental for slope stability.A precise prediction of PWP is difficult due to complex physical mechanisms and in situ natural variability.To explore the applicability and advantages of recurrent neural networks(RNNs)on PWP prediction,three variants of RNNs,i.e.,standard RNN,long short-term memory(LSTM)and gated recurrent unit(GRU)are adopted and compared with a traditional static artificial neural network(ANN),i.e.,multi-layer perceptron(MLP).Measurements of rainfall and PWP of representative piezometers from a fully instrumented natural slope in Hong Kong are used to establish the prediction models.The coefficient of determination(R^2)and root mean square error(RMSE)are used for model evaluations.The influence of input time series length on the model performance is investigated.The results reveal that MLP can provide acceptable performance but is not robust.The uncertainty bounds of RMSE of the MLP model range from 0.24 kPa to 1.12 k Pa for the selected two piezometers.The standard RNN can perform better but the robustness is slightly affected when there are significant time lags between PWP changes and rainfall.The GRU and LSTM models can provide more precise and robust predictions than the standard RNN.The effects of the hidden layer structure and the dropout technique are investigated.The single-layer GRU is accurate enough for PWP prediction,whereas a double-layer GRU brings extra time cost with little accuracy improvement.The dropout technique is essential to overfitting prevention and improvement of accuracy.  相似文献   

Annual Frequency of Tropical Cyclones Directly Affecting Guangdong Province:Prediction Based on LSTM-FC     

胡娅敏  陈韵竹  何健  刘圣军  闫文杰  赵亮  汪明圣  李芷卉  王娟怀  董少柔  刘新儒 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2022,28(1):45-56

Tropical cyclone(TC) annual frequency forecasting is significant for disaster prevention and mitigation in Guangdong Province. Based on the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis and NOAA Extended Reconstructed global sea surface temperature(SST) V5 data in winter, the TC frequency climatic features and prediction models have been studied.During 1951-2019, 353 TCs directly affected Guangdong with an annual average of about 5.1. TCs have experienced an abrupt change from abundance to deficiency in the mid to late ...  相似文献   

适应性治理与气候变化：内蒙古草原案例分析与对策探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张倩  艾丽坤 《气候变化研究进展》2018,14(4):411-422

适应性治理通过边学边做,针对各地方的社会经济条件、自然生态系统、地方知识文化等基本特征,基于一个动态、自下而上和自组织的过程不断测试和修正制度安排与知识体系,形成一个旨在解决实际问题的循环过程。通过内蒙古3个地区案例的对比分析研究,基于对其气候变化风险和社会脆弱性的评估,发现其在气候变化影响下形成的不同程度的社会脆弱性正是源于不同的草原利用机制和基于此的社会合作机制。正是因为3个案例地的牧民有着不同的社会资本和社会记忆,所以他们面对极端天气导致的自然灾害时,采取了不同的应对方式,有的牧户可以依赖于社会资本移动牲畜来渡过难关,有的牧户则可以在嘎查范围内重启社会记忆,通过合理安排草场利用和移动牲畜提高自身的抗灾能力,而有的牧户则只能通过买草料独立抗灾。这样不同的结果有力证明了适应性治理在提升这些地区气候变化应对能力方面的必要性和可行性。在地区层面引入适应性治理,可以满足各利益相关方的需求,有利于自然、社会及管理的多学科协同,与“未来地球计划”的协同设计、协同实施和协同推广理念不谋而合,是“未来地球”思想在气候变化适应研究中的实践。  相似文献   

改进的衰减记忆UKF算法在伪距定位中的研究     

李荣攀  西勤  刘松林 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(6):30-32

研究伪距定位中衰减记忆无迹卡尔曼滤波(MAUKF)方法,针对衰减记忆UKF滤波器可能因衰减因子引入造成滤波精度降低、滤波收敛速度并没有得到改善的问题,本文依据预测残差的统计量,对衰减记忆UKF滤波算法进行了改进。仿真结果表明,该算法相比衰减记忆UKF算法提高了定位精度和收敛速度。  相似文献   

Rewriting the book of the city: on old signs,new technologies,and reinventing Adelaide     

Stefan Schutt 《Urban geography》2017,38(1):47-65

Can a sense of ownership over constantly changing urban places be generated through pedestrian exploration and everyday digital media practice? This paper begins with the author’s visit to the city of Adelaide, where a chance encounter – an intriguing sign painted on the wall of a city building – led to a hunt through the city for ghost signs, the remnants of old hand-painted advertisements. This spontaneous activity, combined with the online exploration and image sharing that followed, generated a renewed feeling of connection to, and ownership over, an erstwhile familiar locale. The experience is analysed through the work of theorists investigating change and belonging in modern cities including Guy Debord, Doreen Massey, Michel de Certeau, Andreas Huyssen, and Mark Crinson, as well as the contemporary growth in both politically inspired urban exploring (“Urbex” or “place hacking”) and the digital documentation and sharing of ghost signs and other urban ephemera.  相似文献   

现场多功能定点观测系统     

朱伯荣  王振东 《海洋工程》1997,(3)

现场多功能定点观测系统是为潮汐河口及沿海地区进行水文测验而研制的。它由传感器组件、压力仓、电子电路、数据采集和处理装置等组成。传感器组件有流速、流向、温度、压力、电导率和含沙量等传感器，能测量流速等６种水文参数。该系统的使用既可长期定点锚泊测量，也可短期随船测量。长期锚泊测量能适应恶劣环境。  相似文献   

一种工业计算机局部网络通信协议     

游华 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(Z2)

介绍了一种用于工业现场的计算机局部网络通信协议．详细介绍了网络的硬件结构和与之相配合的软件设计．同时，对其中关键技术如介质存取控制方式，数据的ＤＭＡ存取，缓冲区的分配与管理等作了重点说明．  相似文献   

一种考虑滞后影响的井水位气压改正的新方法     

张昭栋  王尤培  高玉斌  张铸钢 《大地测量与地球动力学》1992,(4)

本文给出一种用褶积滤波处理井水位对气压响应滞后的新方法,考虑了气压对井水位“记忆”影响的特点,对水位的气压改正采用了非线性的处理方法。用新方法对鲁03井进行气压改正后的平均中误差为0.65cm,而用一般相关方法则为1.96cm。最后讨论了褶积滤波积分区间长度与水井含水层系统性质的关系。含水层的导水系数越小,井孔截面积越大,则这个区间越长。  相似文献