1311号台风“尤特”水汽和螺旋度分析          下载免费PDF全文

覃昌柳  黎惠金  张丁丁 《应用海洋学学报》2016,35(4):459-468

通过NCEP再分析资料和Micaps实况资料对"尤特"发生发展以及登陆过程的水汽条件、螺旋度变化进行分析,发现:"尤特"在发生发展前期,西南急流和副高南侧偏东气流对"尤特"水汽输送作用相当,中后期"尤特"则主要以西南急流形成的南支水汽通道输送为主,水汽的源地主要来自南海.对于广西强降雨区,在"尤特"进入广西前,该区为一个水汽源,南边界水汽输出显著,而到了15~19日主要降雨发生时段,受南支水汽输送带的影响,广西强降雨区转为水汽汇,水汽输入以南边界为主.环境场水汽通量和水汽通量散度的变化对"尤特"强度的变化和移向有一定的指示作用,"尤特"在加强或减弱前,其中心水汽通量往往先加强或减弱,且在台风维持一定的强度时,"尤特"有趋向周边水汽大值中心移动的趋势."尤特"水汽辐合主要位于低层,其强降雨区与850~950h Pa水汽通量散度场、850h Pa螺旋度相对大值区内有一定的对应关系,未来6h强降雨区多出现在低层强度强、垂直伸展高度高的水汽辐合区和螺旋度相对大值区内.  相似文献   

Rainfall erosivity in Italy: a national scale spatio-temporal assessment   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Pasquale Borrelli  Nazzareno Diodato  Panos Panagos 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2016,9(9):835-850

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High Resolution Deterministic Prediction System (HRDPS) Simulations of Manitoba Lake Breezes     

Scott Kehler  John Hanesiak  Michelle Curry  David Sills  Neil Taylor 《大气与海洋》2016,54(2):93-107

The Effects of Lake Breezes On Weather–Manitoba (ELBOW-MB) field project, conducted around Lakes Manitoba and Winnipeg in July 2013, was the first in-depth field study of lake breezes in Manitoba, Canada. Using observational data collected during ELBOW-MB and output from the 2.5?km Canadian High Resolution Deterministic Prediction System (HRDPS), comparisons were made between HRDPS output and observational data to determine whether the HRDPS can simulate Manitoba lake breezes. The model comparisons considered various lake-breeze characteristics, such as depth, inland penetration distance, and initiation and dissipation time. In addition, cross-sections of lake-breeze circulations were analyzed. The results show that the HRDPS was able to correctly simulate lake breezes, or lack thereof, in 78% of cases on Lake Winnipeg and 68% of cases on Lake Manitoba. Modelled lake-breeze initiation and dissipation times were found to be too early in some cases and too late in others when compared with observations. Overall, it was found that the HRDPS was able to simulate most aspects of lake breezes, although inland penetration distance was one characteristic that the HRDPS was not able to simulate realistically.  相似文献   

The Pioneering Works of Professor Duzheng YE on Atmospheric Dispersion,Tibetan Plateau Meteorology,and Air–Sea Interaction     

Ngar-Cheung LAUInstitute of Environment  Energy  Sustainability  and 《大气科学进展》2017,34(10):1137-1149

This paper provides an overview of the impacts of the original works of Professor Duzheng YE on a selected set of observational and model studies with which the present author has been associated over the past several decades. The main themes of these works include atmospheric energy dispersion, air–land interactions over the Tibetan Plateau, and El Ni n?orelated air–sea coupling over East Asia.The dispersive behavior of observed atmospheric fluctuations accompanying cold surge events in East Asia is demonstrated. Cold air outbreaks over Korea and southern China are coincident with the successive downstream development of troughs and ridges, with the group velocity of such wave packets being notably faster than the phase propagation speed of individual troughs and ridges. In a more general context, dispersive features are also discernible from lagged teleconnection charts and cross-spectra of observed and model-simulated geopotential height variations on 10–30-day time scales.Using the output from a high-resolution general circulation model, the relative contributions of condensational, sensible, and radiative heating to the atmospheric energy budget over the Tibetan Plateau are documented. The rapid changes of the upper tropospheric Tibetan anticyclone and East Asian mei-yu("plum rain") precipitation band associated with the development of the Asian monsoon system are described.The principal anomalies in sea level pressure, surface wind, precipitation and sea surface temperature over southeastern China and the Philippine Sea region during El Nio events are presented. The contributions of remote El Nio-related forcing and local air–sea interaction to the occurrence of these anomalies are assessed.  相似文献   

GPS天顶对流层延迟与可降水量的相关性     

陈于  赵遐龄  王开通  张胜军 《测绘科学》2016,41(8):59-62

针对水汽含量在短时间内变化快、影响因素多,目前精确测定其含量仍是一个难点的现状,该文采用GAMIT软件,利用两次暴雨发生过程中香港地区6个连续运行参考站系统参考站数据,计算天顶对流层总延迟(ZTD)和大气可降水量(PWV),并与实际降雨量进行对比。研究结果表明,暴雨发生前后的1~2h或者更长时间内,天顶对流层延迟、大气可降水量和实际降水量一直保持着较好的对应关系,天顶对流层延迟和大气可降水量会出现骤增和骤降现象,而且天顶对流层延迟和可降水量的变化速度越快,说明大气环境越不稳定,降水概率也就越高。  相似文献   

0414号台风"云娜"登陆后西折路径和陆上维持机制的诊断分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张建海  沈桐立  薛根元 《台湾海峡》2006,25(2):166-173

2004年第14号台风“云娜”在浙江省温岭市石塘镇登陆,针对登陆后的两大预报难点--路径突然西折和陆上长久维持,进行了研究分析.结果表明：台风登陆后的明显西折是由于副高突然加强造成的,地面3h变压、涡度变量、东西风分量变量等物理量对短期台风路径预报非常有用.台风陆上的长久维持与低空水汽通道的连结、高空流出气流的强辐散、登陆后的移向和特殊的下垫面等密切相关.  相似文献   

福建暴雨频数的变化特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

许金镜  林新彬  温珍治  杨林  汪品端 《台湾海峡》2004,23(4):514-520

本文选引起旱涝灾害最重的暴雨频数进行分析探讨，揭示其演变规律和影响背景，主要结论有：1)福建暴雨频数在变化过程中存在着准2a和准11a主要振动周期；2)随着气候的增暖，福建暴雨频数存在增多之趋势；3)若冷空气势力偏弱、欧亚盛行纬向环流、西太平洋和南海副高偏强、以及西太平洋海温偏高时有利于福建暴雨频数增多；反之，有利于暴雨频数减少．  相似文献   

浙闽沿海和台湾海峡海域冬季大风风速计算方法探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘京雄  唐文伟  朱持则  吕彤 《台湾海峡》2004,23(1):8-13

本文利用东海区海陆大风对比试验结果及26艘船只两个月的海上航测实况资料，通过对各种风速进行海陆比值分析、差值分析和测站间对比分析。论证了据陆上大风推算该海区大风风速计算式的可靠性，从而为实时、定量地预报海区大风提供了1种方法．  相似文献   

北太平洋海温与福建后汛期降水量的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李玲  苏万康 《台湾海峡》2005,24(1):7-14

本文应用奇异值分解方法给出同期和前期北太平洋海温与福建后汛期降水量相互匹配的空间典型分布型．分析结果表明，无论同期还是前期北太平洋海温与福建后汛期降水量之间均存在着清晰的遥相关．同期的赤道中东太平洋海温异常增高、日本以东洋面海温偏低，福建后汛期降水量偏少；另外，闽南地区后汛期降水量与同期NINO西海区和黑潮海区的海温成正相关关系．冬、春季出现厄尔尼诺现象时，次年福建尤其是闽南沿海后汛期降水量将偏少．  相似文献   

"百合"台风近海加强成因分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

林毅  刘爱鸣  刘铭 《台湾海峡》2005,24(1):22-26

利用卫星云图、常规观测资料对“百合”台风减弱为低压后在台湾海峡南部海面强度再次加强，又发展成强热带风暴的过程分析诊断结果表明：“百合”台风近海加强的主要原因是台风上层强辐散流场的叠加，加强了台风环流的垂直上升运动；台湾海峡南部的暖洋区的增暖增湿、中低层辐合流场的加强和低层适度冷空气的侵入对台风的加强也起了一定的作用．  相似文献