Remote sensing and information value (IV) model for regional mapping of fluvial channels and topographic wetness in the Saudi Arabia     

Mohamed Mostafa Mohamed 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(4):520-541

This study aims to map regions of near surface fluvial channels, mega-basins and topographic wetness in Saudi Arabia using remote sensing data and an information value (IV) model, which is a modified approach of weight of evidence. We used the new version of the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) to delineate the fluvial channels, mega-basin, and slope. These hydrological parameters were used to index the topographic wetness of each mega-basin in the region based on IV in a Geographic Information System. We validated our method using the Space Imaging Radar-C and Landsat 8 images and compared the textural features (fluvial channels) evident from SRTM digital elevation model and to determine whether these patterns were different. Our results revealed that the region is drained by nine tributaries and that the Err Rub Al Khali and Sahba mega-basins have the highest value of the IV and topographic wetness values; the Arran and coastal mega-basins have the lowest value of the IV and topographic wetness values. An integrated approach is timely and economically effective and can be applied throughout the arid and semi-arid regions to help hydrologists and urban developers.  相似文献   

三维遥感影像在遥感地质构造解译中的应用——以福建平和植被覆盖区为例          下载免费PDF全文

史超  李书  任正情  王学平 《地质找矿论丛》2016,31(1):127-134

文章通过建立福建平和矾山三维遥感影像和线环构造解译标志,对区内芦溪—霞寨断裂、坪水断裂等典型断裂以及钟腾破火山口进行了解译。基于三维遥感影像可较好地识别构造解译标志,提高遥感构造解译的精度,降低解译的难度。  相似文献   

干旱半干旱高寒山区蚀变矿物遥感信息提取效果与找矿预测     

孙永彬  董双发  王瑞军  李存金  李婧玥  汪冰  李名松 《矿产与地质》2016,(5)

新疆阿尔金地区位于阿尔金成矿带,属于干旱半干旱高寒山区景观区,该区成矿条件优越,但自然地理条件较差,基岩裸露利于蚀变矿物准确提取,采用CASI/SASI航空高光谱遥感进行蚀变矿物遥感信息提取及找矿预测,可以克服自然条件影响,降低成本。本文以CASI/SASI航空高光谱遥感数据为数据源,以干旱半干旱高寒山区景观区为研究背景,评价研究该区CASI/SASI航空高光谱蚀变矿物遥感信息提取效果,通过野外地质调查,发现了镍、铁、钴、钒、钛、铜等元素多金属矿化线索,并最终圈定了YC01和YC02等两处找矿预测区。说明CASI/SASI航空高光谱遥感在干旱半干旱高寒山区蚀变矿物遥感信息提取效果显著。  相似文献   

遥感在宁夏贺兰山东北段1∶50000区域地质调查中的应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张晓东  刘湘南  李明涛  赵志鹏  梁志荣  禇小东 《矿产与地质》2016,(4):674-680

以SPOT5及ETM+影像为基础数据,采用3D GIS遥感技术,通过对研究区岩性地层、线性构造、环形构造等地质体的遥感影像特征系统总结,结合野外调查,建立岩性地层及构造解译标志,对宁夏贺兰山东北段1∶50 000区域地质调查工作区进行遥感地质解译。解译结果表明:研究区西部多被贺兰山岩群和古元古代花岗岩覆盖,中部及东南部大部分为第四系和新近系地层;东部石峡谷、黑龙贵及老石旦镇地区,主要出露地层有奥陶系及寒武系;研究区构造发育,主要分布在西部贺兰山基岩区,共解译出线性构造113条,以NEE向和近SN向线性构造最为发育,线性构造相互切割,形成"块状"特征;环形构造33个,在区域上总体呈SN向条带状分布;褶皱4处,均为紧密型褶皱组合;不整合界线1条;总体呈"西部构造发育,局部呈块状,东西差异明显"的特点。实践表明,在1∶50 000区域地质调查中应用遥感和GIS相结合的方法,对提高区域地层构造认识以及遥感解译精度有较大帮助,能有效提高填图质量和工作效率,在区域地质调查工作中有良好的应用价值。  相似文献   

Remote Sensing Observations of Ocean Surface Chlorophyll and Temperature with the Impact of Cyclones and Depressions over the Bay of Bengal Water     

R. K. Sarangi 《Marine Geodesy》2016,39(1):53-76

MODIS-Aqua derived eight-day composite chlorophyll concentration data analyzed to study the impact of cyclones and depressions on the Bay of Bengal productivity. A total of 15 cyclonic storms and depressions picked up from the India Meteorological Department datasets. MODIS-Aqua data analyzed during October 2002 to December 2009. There was observation of depressions (D), deep depressions (DD), cyclonic storms (CS), severe cyclonic storms (SCS), and very severe cyclonic storms (VSCS) with categories of intensities (“T” numbers 1.5–6) and wind speeds (25–108 knots). The chlorophyll concentration observed to be high (1.0–5.0 mg/m³) with the impact in the coastal and offshore waters. Quickscat scatterometer data showed high wind speed (about 10 meters/second). Sea surface temperature (SST) observed to be decreased (roughly 2°C) with effect of cyclones. The cyclone numbers, intensity, and chlorophyll concentration has been observed to be increasing from 2002 to 2009, with observation of VSCS “Sidr” during 2007. The study would be interesting to link carbon flux/sequestration, marine food chain, and harnessing fishery resources in a postcyclone period.  相似文献   

中国北方沿海典型澙湖—山东月湖水深遥感反演     

赵鹏  卢文虎  杨红生  宋肖跃  顾瑞婷  陈哲 《海洋与湖沼》2016,47(4):714-718

澙湖是中国北方重要的滨海生态系统之一,水深较浅、透明度较低、底质类型复杂、人类干扰频繁等特点导致澙湖水深资料长期缺乏或存在较大误差,极大地制约了澙湖生态系统的研究和保护。本研究在现场实测水深的基础上,使用IKONOS高分辨率卫星影像,将山东荣成月湖水域划分为浅水区、植被区和深水区三类分别进行水深反演。研究表明红光波段(Band3)对水深的敏感性最高,分区建立线性回归模型反演水深的精度高于不分区的精度,多波段组合模型的反演精度最高,植被对水深反演的精度影响较大。反演结果表明,月湖水深最深处达271.23cm,水深反演的平均相对误差为13.16%。  相似文献   

Observer presence may alter the behaviour of reef fishes associated with coral colonies          下载免费PDF全文

Pedro Henrique Cipresso Pereira  Isabela Carolina Silva Leal  Maria Elisabeth de Araújo 《Marine Ecology》2016,37(4):760-769

Although underwater visual census (UVC) is the most frequently used technique for quantifying reef fish assemblages, remote video analysis has been gaining attention as a potential alternative. In the South Atlantic Ocean, Millepora spp. (class Hydrozoa) are the only branching coral species; however, little is known about the ecological role that they play for reef fish communities. We compared these two observation methods (remote video and UVC) to estimate reef fish abundance and species richness associated with colonies of the fire‐coral Millepora alcicornis at Tamandaré Reefs, Northeast Brazil. Additionally, the two different techniques were used to compare species behaviour in association with fire‐corals in order to examine the biases associated with each technique and provide useful information for behavioural ecologists studying fish–coral associations. There were no differences in reef fish abundance or species richness sampled by remote video or UVC. However, a significant difference in the behaviour of associated fish was recorded between the two methods. In the presence of a diver carrying out a UVC, fish were observed spending more time sheltered amongst the coral branches compared with passively swimming on coral colonies with the remote video technique. Specifically, on the remote video recordings agonistic interactions between fish and passive swimming accounted for 33.3% and 22.2% of the census time, respectively. By comparison, when observed by a diver fish spent 34.8% of their time sheltering amongst the coral branches. We demonstrate that both techniques are similarly effective for recording fish abundance and species richness associated with fire‐corals. However, differences were observed in the ability of each method to detect the behaviour of coral‐associated fishes. Our findings show that behavioural ecologists studying complex fish–coral associations need to ensure that their aims are clearly defined and that they choose the most appropriate technique for their study in order to minimize methodological biases.  相似文献   

基于单景高分辨率光学卫星遥感影像的浅海水下地形提取     

李济然  张华国  侯鹏飞  傅斌  郑罡 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(1):60-66

本文基于海浪波折射现象和浅水波理论,提出了一种基于单景高分辨率光学遥感影像的浅海地形提取方法。首先,基于浅水波理论推导出适用于浅海区域的水深与海浪波长、频率的定量关系,针对近岸光学遥感图像复杂的海浪特征,讨论了两种海浪波长提取方法,即FFT方法和剖面线法。然后提出了基于长距离波长波动分析的海浪频率计算方法,解决了单景遥感影像的波浪频率计算难题。最后,利用单景QuickBird高分辨率光学遥感影像,以海南岛三亚湾为研究区域进行了应用实验,结果表明,对12m以浅的浅海区域,在不需要任何辅助参数的情况下,反演获得了浅海地形(DEM),经与1:25000比例尺海图的水深对比验证,地形趋势吻合良好,反演水深的均方根误差为1.07m,相对水深误差为16.2%,表明该方法适合于浅海水下地形的提取,且具有无需实测水深数据和环境参数的支持的优点。  相似文献   

基于MTSAT卫星遥感的中国海及西北太平洋海域海表温度日增温研究     

涂乾光  潘德炉  郝增周  闫云伟 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(12):12-18

Hourly sea surface temperature(SST) observations from the geostationary satellite are increasingly used in studies of the diurnal warming of the surface oceans. The aim of this study is to derive the spatial and temporal distribution of diurnal warming in the China seas and northwestern Pacific Ocean from Multi-functional Transport Satellite(MTSAT) SST. The MTSAT SST is validated against drifting buoy measurements firstly. It shows mean biases is about –0.2°C and standard deviation is about 0.6°C comparable to other satellite SST accuracy. The results show that the tropics, mid-latitudes controlled by subtropical high and marginal seas are frequently affected by large diurnal warming. The Kuroshio and its extension regions are smaller compared with the surrounding regions. A clear seasonal signal, peaking at spring and summer can be seen from the long time series of diurnal warming in the domain in average. It may due to large insolation and low wind speed in spring and summer, while the winter being the opposite. Surface wind speed modulates the amplitude of the diurnal cycle by influencing the surface heat flux and by determining the momentum flux. For the shallow marginal seas, such as the East China Sea, turbidity would be another important factor promoting diurnal warming. It suggests the need for the diurnal variation to be considered in SST measurement, air-sea flux estimation and multiple sensors SST blending.  相似文献   

一种基于Curvelet变换的合成孔径雷达海洋内波图像的斑点噪声抑制方法     

查国震  何庆友  管长龙  孙健  贺明霞 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(9):13-21

合成孔径雷达是海洋内波研究中最重要的工具之一。雷达图像中的斑点噪声会严重降低图像的质量,这一问题在处理和分析信号较弱的二模态内波信号和上升型内波信号时极为明显。合成孔径雷达图像中的海洋内孤立波的信号具有明显的尺度性和方向性。同时,curvelet变换作为一种同时具备尺度分辨率和方向分辨率的数学变换,能够对一幅雷达图像在不同尺度、不同方向和不同位置上进行分析。本文给出了一个基于curvelet变换的合成孔径雷达海洋内孤立波图像的斑点噪声抑制方法。该方法可简述为：(1)对一幅合成孔径雷达海洋内孤立波图像进行curvelet变换,获得curvelet系数;(2)分别仅仅保留一个尺度的系数,将其它尺度的系数置为零,利用处理之后的系数分别重建图像,得到仅仅用一个尺度的系数重建的图像;(3)分别计算上一步中得到的图像的均方差,根据波浪理论,图像的方差代表能量,方差越大则能量越大,以此可以确定内波信息集中的尺度;(4)在每个尺度下,分别计算每个方向的curvelet系数矩阵的平均值,以此确定内孤立波信号集中的方向;(5)在上两步工作的基础上,仅仅保留内波信号集中的尺度和方向的系数,而将其它尺度和方向的系数置为0,得到一幅提取主波信息的图像;(6)将上一步得到的提取主波信息的图像加回到原始图像中,从而达到增强波浪信息并抑制斑点噪声的目的。大量的实验验证表明,该方法不仅能有效地压制斑点噪声,而且能有效地增强波浪信号。  相似文献