Indirect dating of an olive tree planting event using luminescence of the sediments lying beneath the roots of the tree: a pilot study in the south-western part of Anatolia,Turkey     

Eren Şahiner  Georgios S. Polymeris  M. Altay Atlihan  Selcuk Aktürk  Niyazi Meriç 《第四纪科学杂志》2020,35(5):706-715

The aim of the present study is to attempt assessing the age of a monumental olive tree located between the Antique Cities of Militus (Didim-Aydın region) and Iasos (Milas-Muğla region). Wood from the trunk of an olive tree is not appropriate for conventional dating approaches such as dendrochronology or ¹⁴C. The sediments closely located surrounding and beneath the roots of the olive tree are considered indicative of the age of the planting event; therefore these sediments were dated using both quartz and feldspar luminescence signal protocols. Methodological aspects including the preheating plateaus, equivalent dose statistical approaches and dose rate using gamma spectrometry are also discussed, as dating of the associated palaeochannel sediments of the area are presented for the first time in the dating literature. The optically stimulated luminescence and/or infrared stimulated luminescence ages are extrapolated to date the event of the tree planting; it is the first time in the literature that an age is reported for an olive tree in the eastern Mediterranean region. The present study stands as the first experimental evidence that olive trees have been cultivated in the area since the Iron Age.  相似文献   

基于Landsat-8 OLI的西安市土地利用类型遥感分类研究     

黄鹏程  张明明  王新宇  毛文山 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(1):85-88,92

近年来,由于区域人口的增加和社会经济的快速发展,西安市的土地利用类型发生了明显变化。土地利用分类可为生态系统模型、水资源模型和气候模型等提供重要信息,遥感技术为土地利用分类提供了有效的工具。本文以西安市2016年Landsat-8卫星的OLI多光谱数据为基础资料,参考国家土地利用分类标准和西安市土地利用现状,将西安市的土地类型分为建设用地、裸地、水体、草地、耕地、林地6类,采用监督分类中常用的最大似然分类法和决策树分类方法对研究数据进行解译,利用总体分类精度和Kappa系数等指标对各分类精度加以评价,并结合实际用地情况对分类结果进行了总结分析。  相似文献   

利用国产GF-1卫星数据实现山区细小河流河宽的自动提取     

薛源  李丹  吴保生  傅旭东 《测绘通报》2020,(3):12-16

以国产GF-1卫星影像为数据源，选取皇甫川流域内山区细小河流密集的上游1421 km²作为研究区域，针对因山区河流河道狭窄、形态复杂等导致的河流边界提取难度大、精度差、河宽无法自动提取的难题，首先利用改进的变异系数法筛选水体指数，再采用改进的决策树法结合DEM河网精确获取河流边界，最后通过自动化河宽提取算法实现对山区细小河流及其河宽的自动提取。结果表明，本文方法对山区河流判别的总体精度为89.5%，有效地排除了山体阴影等地物的干扰。对河宽为0~10 m的极细河流，本文方法提取河宽的误差为18.54%；10~30 m的细小河流，提取误差为12.07%。  相似文献   

应用Sentinel-2A NDVI时间序列和面向对象决策树方法的农作物分类     

杜保佳  张晶  王宗明  毛德华  张淼  吴炳方 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(5):740-751

农作物种植结构是农业生产活动对土地利用的表现形式。及时精确地获取农作物的空间分布信息对指导农业生产、合理分配资源以及解决粮食安全问题等具有重要意义。目前农作物信息提取研究大多局限于中低分辨率遥感影像的NDVI时间序列,影响了作物空间分布信息提取的准确性。随着Sentinel-2A卫星成功发射,为高分辨率NDVI时间序列的构建提供了可能。本文以黑龙江省北安市为研究区,基于覆盖完整生育期的Sentinel-2A多光谱数据,构建10 m分辨率的NDVI时间序列数据集,利用 Savitzky Golay (S-G) 滤波器对 Sentinel-2A NDVI时间序列数据进行平滑。基于典型时相的多光谱数据和NDVI时间序列构建面向对象决策树分类模型进行作物类型遥感识别。通过对样本的NDVI时间序列曲线分析,可以得出NDVI时间序列能够清晰地区分作物物候差异。此外,本文还利用面向对象分类和支持向量机（Support Vector Machine, SVM）分类两种方法,对典型时相的多光谱数据进行了作物分类对比实验,并对结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明：① 典型时相多光谱数据引入平滑重构后的NDVI时间序列能够更好地描述作物的物候特性,能够准确刻画研究区作物发育情况,有效区分各类作物;② 通过对比分类实验发现,典型时相多光谱数据引入NDVI时间序列特征,增强了不同作物之间的光谱差异,提高了作物分类精度,总体精度和kappa系数较典型时相多光谱数据进行分类的结果分别提高了7.7% 和0.055;③ 基于面向对象的决策树分类模型在作物分类的结果中精度最高,总体精度为96.2%,kappa系数为0.892。本研究的方法为其他大区域农作物的分类提供了重要参考和借鉴价值。  相似文献   

Understanding grower demographics,motivations and management practices to improve engagement,extension and industry resilience: a case study of the macadamia industry in the Northern Rivers,Australia     

Kerrie Stimpson  David Lloyd 《The Australian geographer》2019,50(1):69-90

Research and development programs for improved productivity and profitability in horticulture have focused largely on understanding biophysical factors and production and harvest technologies. By contrast, relatively few studies focus upon the existing status of a rural community in terms of demographics, rationales and motivations underlying current farm management practices. Understanding such factors is increasingly important as pressures from climate change, globalised market forces, land-use competition and ageing workforces intersect on farms and for farmers. This paper explores experiences among macadamia growers in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia, with the aim to better understand and improve the targeting of development programs to meet grower needs and aspirations, for improved industry resilience. Results suggest that growers are a diverse, ageing demographic who came into the industry with a variety of skill sets. Noting a lack of previous farming experience for many growers, we highlight the need to consider information transfer and succession planning, along with aspirations to consolidate properties and skills. New engagement approaches are recommended, with tailored extension to different grower groups. To aid with this process, a classification tree was developed for the purposes of separating growers into groups with different support needs.  相似文献   

区县级地名图集中符号的视觉层次设计——以《汕头市澄海区地名图集》为例     

夏竹君  江文萍  奚大平  张定娆  王莹 《测绘通报》2020,(12):54

第二次全国地名普查（以下简称“二普”）数据具有精度高、类型全面、现势性强等特点。如何对地名数据进行最优符号化是“二普”成果转化中一个重要的问题。为此，本文构建了地图符号库树结构模型，提出从主题尺度、符号形态、要素分类分级3个方面进行符号视觉层次构建的思路，充分利用视觉变量构图元素的组合实现多层次符号视觉效果。将该方法运用于《汕头市澄海区地名图集》的编制中，通过符号设计实例充分论证符号视觉层次体系设计在地名图集设计中的重要作用，可为“二普”成果转化工作中的地名图编制提供参考。  相似文献   

利用流水矢量提取山脊线和山谷线特征点的方法     

黄炅怡  黄培之  李坚强 《测绘通报》2020,(10):12-15

本文在深入研究地表曲面函数的流水矢量模型后，根据山脊线具有分水性和山谷线具有合水性的物理特性，利用有关数学原理，推导出山脊点和山谷点是该点流水矢量正交地形断面上局部区域流水矢量模的极小值点；并以此为依据，提出了一种基于地形点流水矢量的山脊线和山谷线特征点的提取方法。该方法将传统的山脊点和山谷点的判别标准合二为一，使算法设计更加简单，程序执行效率得到提高。试验表明，该方法所提取的山脊线和山谷线候选点具有较好的抗噪力，且不受山脊线和山谷线走向的影响，所提取的山脊线和山谷线上的点与实际地形更加吻合。  相似文献   

南极罗斯海区域可培养微生物分离鉴定及产低温酶能力初步筛选     

张丽珉  赵琳  丛柏林 《海洋学报》2018,40(8):152-164

为了利用南极微生物资源、探索南极罗斯海区域可培养微生物多样性，利用传统平板培养法对中国第33次南极科学考察采自南极罗斯海6个站位的海洋沉积物样品进行了细菌、真菌的分离培养。经细菌16S rRNA、真菌ITS基因序列检测及系统发育分析，共获得5个属的36株细菌和6个属的29株真菌。其中嗜冷杆菌属为优势细菌类群，枝孢属为优势真菌类群。该结果表明南极罗斯海区域具有丰富的微生物多样性。细菌API 20 NE生理生化及真菌产胞外酶活性实验显示，分离得到的细菌和真菌绝大多数都有低温酶活性。研究结果为南极罗斯海区域可培养微生物的多样性认识和低温酶产生菌资源获取与开发利用提供了支撑。  相似文献   

大兴安岭林区无人机可见光影像散发枯立木识别算法     

俞天宇  倪文俭  刘见礼  张志玉 《遥感学报》2021,25(3):725-736

枯立木识别对森林资源管理,生物多样性保护,以及森林碳储量变化评估具有重要价值。无人机高分辨率影像为枯立木调查提供了较为便捷的方式。现有枯立木识别算法多依靠拥有红边、近红外波段的多光谱影像来实现。相比于多光谱相机,消费级无人机通常搭载的是用于获取可见光(RGB)影像的普通数码相机,较少的波段信息为基于RGB影像的枯立木自动化精准识别带来很大的挑战。现有利用无人机可见光影像进行枯立木高精度识别多依赖于人工目视解译,自动化识别程度较低,且缺乏单木尺度的研究;此外,现有研究多集中在强扰动(如病虫害)引起的群发枯立木上,而对森林自然演替过程中产生的散发枯立木关注较少。为此,本研究提出了利用无人机可见光影像进行单木尺度的散发枯立木高精度自动化识别算法。在已有单木分割算法的基础上,发展了基于红绿波段比值(RGI)和蓝绿波段比值(BGI)光谱指数迭代统计分析的枯立木树冠自动化检测算法,提出了基于数字表面模型纹理特征的森林掩膜自动提取方法,实现了单木尺度的散发枯立木自动识别。经过实地调查和目视解译的枯立木参考数据的验证,结果表明枯立木查全率和精确率均接近95%,单木树冠分割结果中的欠分割和错分割是枯立木识别误差的主要来源,提高单木树冠提取精度是进一步完善单木尺度枯立木识别的关键。  相似文献   

The suitability of annual tree growth rings as environmental archives: Evidence from Sr,Nd, Pb and Ca isotopes in spruce growth rings from the Strengbach watershed     

Peter Stille  Anne-Désirée Schmitt  François Labolle  Marie-Claire Pierret  Sophie Gangloff  Florian Cobert  Eric Lucot  Florence Guéguen  Laure Brioschi  Marc Steinmann  François Chabaux 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2012,344(5):297-311

The combination of the Sr, Nd and Pb isotope systems, recognized as tracers of sources, with the Ca isotope system, known to reveal biology-related fractionations, allowed us to test the reliability of spruce (Picea abies) growth rings as environmental archives through time (from 1916 to 1983) in a forest ecosystem affected by acid atmospheric deposition. Sr and Pb isotopes have already been applied in former tree-ring studies, whereas the suitability of Nd and Ca isotope systems is checked in the present article. Our Sr and Nd isotope data indicate an evolution in the cation origin with a geogenic origin for the oldest rings and an atmospheric origin for the youngest rings. Ca isotopes show, for their part, an isotopic homogeneity which could be linked to the very low weathering flux of Ca. Since this flux is weak the spruces’ root systems have pumped the Ca mainly from the organic matter-rich top-soil over the past century. In contrast, the annual growth rings studied are not reliable and suitable archives of past Pb pollution.  相似文献