Point pattern analysis of eruption points for the Mount Gambier volcanic sub-province: a quantitative geographical approach to the understanding of volcano distribution   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mark A Bishop 《Area》2007,39(2):230-241

This paper is an examination of the method of point pattern analysis, its potential and limitations, and a discussion of the patterns of volcano geography for the Mount Gambier volcanic sub-province of southeastern Australia. Two classes of point pattern measure were employed: the centrographic measure of point dispersion and directional bias, and distance-based measures of ordered neighbours. Spatial analysis has shown the distribution and pattern of eruption points to be heterogeneous, anisotropic and not completely spatially random, and offers through the exploration of point dispersion, orientation and pattern, a viewpoint on the geography of a low-volume, basaltic monogenetic volcanic system.  相似文献   

A Fixed-Path Markov Chain Algorithm for Conditional Simulation of Discrete Spatial Variables   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Weidong Li 《Mathematical Geology》2007,39(2):159-176

The Markov chain random field (MCRF) theory provided the theoretical foundation for a nonlinear Markov chain geostatistics. In a MCRF, the single Markov chain is also called a “spatial Markov chain” (SMC). This paper introduces an efficient fixed-path SMC algorithm for conditional simulation of discrete spatial variables (i.e., multinomial classes) on point samples with incorporation of interclass dependencies. The algorithm considers four nearest known neighbors in orthogonal directions. Transiograms are estimated from samples and are model-fitted to provide parameter input to the simulation algorithm. Results from a simulation example show that this efficient method can effectively capture the spatial patterns of the target variable and fairly generate all classes. Because of the incorporation of interclass dependencies in the simulation algorithm, simulated realizations are relatively imitative of each other in patterns. Large-scale patterns are well produced in realizations. Spatial uncertainty is visualized as occurrence probability maps, and transition zones between classes are demonstrated by maximum occurrence probability maps. Transiogram analysis shows that the algorithm can reproduce the spatial structure of multinomial classes described by transiograms with some ergodic fluctuations. A special characteristic of the method is that when simulation is conditioned on a number of sample points, simulated transiograms have the tendency to follow the experimental ones, which implies that conditioning sample data play a crucial role in determining spatial patterns of multinomial classes. The efficient algorithm may provide a powerful tool for large-scale structure simulation and spatial uncertainty analysis of discrete spatial variables.  相似文献   

基于多时相影像的农业作物非参数与概率分类     

俞军  Bo Ranneby 《遥感学报》2007,11(5):748-755

本文提出了一种新的结合多光谱和变化检测技术的多时相卫星数据集分类方法。该方法以数理统计中的最近邻法为基础,其目标函数是使得正确分类的平均概率得到最优化,即把每个分类类别看成同等重要。该新算法被应用于一个农业作物分类的研究区域,并利用覆盖该区的不同季节的SPOT和LANDSAT TM多时像影像。结果表明,与单时像影像相比,使用五个不同季节的多时像影像可以充分地提高分类精度。为了说明该方法在大尺度范围内的效果,本文选取瑞典道拉河流域作为研究区。由于不同地物的分布高度重叠,不可能得到像元水平上满意的分类精度。这就需要引进一种新的概念：像元概率分类法。基于像元的概率向量可用于判别传统分类法的可靠性并测量单个像元的不确定性（熵）。概率分类法同时提供了不同地物的面积的无偏估计,无论所感兴趣的区域的大小。这已经在不同特性的耕地试验点进行了检验。  相似文献   

Most similar neighbor imputation of forest attributes using metrics derived from combined airborne LIDAR and multispectral sensors     

Ruben Valbuena  Ana Hernando  Jose Antonio Manzanera  Eugenio Martínez-Falero  Antonio García-Abril  Blas Mola-Yudego 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(12):1205-1218

In the context of predicting forest attributes using a combination of airborne LIDAR and multispectral (MS) sensors, we suggest the inclusion of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) metrics along with the more traditional LIDAR height metrics. Here the data fusion method consists of back-projecting LIDAR returns onto original MS images, avoiding co-registration errors. The prediction method is based on non-parametric imputation (the most similar neighbor). Predictor selection and accuracy assessment include hypothesis tests and over-fitting prevention methods. Results show improvements when using combinations of LIDAR and MS compared to using either of them alone. The MS sensor has little explanatory capacity for forest variables dependent on tree height, already well determined from LIDAR alone. However, there is potential for variables dependent on tree diameters and their density. The combination of LIDAR and MS sensors can be very beneficial for predicting variables describing forests structural heterogeneity, which are best described from synergies between LIDAR heights and NDVI dispersion. Results demonstrate the potential of NDVI metrics to increase prediction accuracy of forest attributes. Their inclusion in the predictor dataset may, however, in a few cases be detrimental to accuracy, and therefore we recommend to carefully assess the possible advantages of data fusion on a case-by-case basis.  相似文献   

DBSTC: an effective method for discovering cluster features with different spatiotemporal densities     

Zhenhong Du  Yuhua Gu  Chuanrong Zhang  Feng Zhang  Renyi Liu  Jean Sequeira 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(6):609-634

Spatiotemporal clustering is one of the most advanced research topics in geospatial data mining. It has been challenging to discover cluster features with different spatiotemporal densities in geographic information data set. This paper presents an effective density-based spatiotemporal clustering algorithm (DBSTC). First, we propose a method to measure the degree of similarity of a core point to the geometric center of its spatiotemporal reachable neighborhood, which can effectively solve the isolated noise point misclassification problem that exists in the shared nearest neighbor methods. Second, we propose an ordered reachable time window distribution algorithm to calculate the reachable time window for each spatiotemporal point in the data set to solve the problem of different clusters with different temporal densities. The effectiveness and advantages of the DBSTC algorithm are demonstrated in several simulated data sets. In addition, practical applications to seismic data sets demonstrate the capability of the DBSTC algorithm to uncover clusters of foreshocks and aftershocks and help to improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of dynamic spatiotemporal processes in digital earth.  相似文献   

鄂西南溶洞旅游资源空间分布特征     

徐松华 《中国岩溶》2018,37(3):440-449

在收集各类资料和实地调查的基础上,运用ArcGIS软件定量分析了鄂西南溶洞旅游资源的空间分布特征,总结出鄂西南溶洞旅游资源在鄂西南10个县（区）都有分布,平面上集中分布在清江、溇水、酉水和唐崖河等主要河道干流近岸地带2 500 m的范围内和其支流近岸地带1 800 m的范围内,在垂向上形成低海拔溶洞、中低海拔溶洞、中海拔溶洞、中高海拔溶洞和高海拔溶洞5级的阶梯状分布特征。   相似文献   

一种虚拟空间划分的室内指纹库定位方法     

方爽  郭杭  洪海斌  李英成 《测绘科学》2015,40(1):93-97

RSSI测量距离技术被广泛应用于距离定位的领域。针对传统的Zigbee指纹定位算法和复杂环境,文章提出了一种虚拟空间划分的Zigbee指纹库定位算法,其中包括虚拟空间划分最邻近定位算法、虚拟空间划分加权最邻近定位算法和虚拟空间划分贝叶斯定位算法。实验结果表明,在最优情况下,此方法能将定位误差抑制在1.50m。  相似文献   

STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF GLACIER BOREHOLES AS INDICATORS OF BASAL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS     

C. C. SMART 《水文研究》1996,10(4):599-613

Between 1988 and 1992 closely spaced arrays of boreholes were drilled at Small River Glacier, British Columbia. The borehole arrays have been used to investigate the interannual and spatial consistency of patterns of basal hydraulics beneath the glacier. A simple robust classification was devised identifying unconnected, high standing, low standing and dry base water levels in boreholes. Spatial and interannual comparisons were made using a simple nearest neighbour statistic, corrected for differences in frequency of different borehole types and evaluated using Monte Carlo confidence intervals to compensate for array form. Arrays in the lower ablation zone showed spatial and interannual coherence, with three distinct areas characterized by low water pressure, till-associated non-connection and high pressure. There was no indication of a dominant conduit. Slightly higher up-glacier borehole patterns were less coherent, and varied from year to year, probably a result of subglacial karst capturing basal waters at a number of low pressure points at the bed. Therefore both the upper and lower arrays at Small River Glacier appear to encompass unusual drainage conditions. The nearest neighbour analysis provides valuable constraints on more specific interpretation.  相似文献   

最近区域法与地质块段法在富钴结壳资源量评估中的综合应用   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

武光海  周怀阳  杨树锋 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2000,20(4):87-92

首次应用最近区域法对东太平洋某海山（简称X海山）进行了初步的资源量评估,最近区域法具有能对矿区无限分块和能快速圈定富矿区的优点,结合地质块段法的评估结果可以对矿区资源量进行综合分析。经过初步评估认为,该海山具有储量远景,应进行进一步的勘探研究。  相似文献   

卫星遥感融合中通量守恒重采样方法与其它常用方法的比较     

田林  张亭禄  陈树果  王晓菲 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(6):103-108

对多卫星传感器数据进行融合,首先要将多个传感器数据通过重采样算法重新投影到标准网格上。本文运用一种基于多边形切割算法的通量守恒重采样算法对图像数据进行重采样,并将该算法与3种常用的重采样算法(最邻近插值法、双线性插值法、三次卷积插值法)在信息保真方面的性能进行了比较。将所比较的重采样方法应用于两幅具有代表性的图像,其中一幅为人造图像,用于定性比较各种采样方法在图像缩放中的采样精度;另一幅为某机场卫星遥感图像,用于评价各种重采样方法在旋转图像方面采样的性能,并以定量参数(相关系数及光谱真实性)比较各种采样方法。结果表明,通量守恒重采样法对原始图像的信息保真效果最好,更适用于卫星遥感图像数据融合中的重采样。  相似文献