Helmert型方差—协方差分量估计的通用公式     

於宗俦 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1991,(2)

本文在概括函数模型和它的通用公式的基础上,导出了一个适用于所有平差方法的方差—协方差分量估计的通用公式,并由此给出方差分量估计的通用公式和简化的通用公式。  相似文献   

大洋玄武质岩石元素间的线性关系及其应用     

万渝生 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1991,(2)

批式熔融是大洋玄武质岩石形成的主要机制之一。本文建立了批式熔融作用中元素间的线性关系模型,并应用于北秦岭宽坪群变玄武质岩石化学分析资料的研究,对变异图解、相关矩阵、源区成分计算和估计等问题作了讨论。给出了一些具体应用的方法。  相似文献   

岭回归分析在融雪径流预报中的应用   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

蓝永超  王新民 《冰川冻土》1992,14(1):19-24,18

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参数估计的统一模型——广义Gauss-Markov模型     

陶本藻  刘大杰 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1990,(4)

设计矩阵可以是秩亏阵,观测值的协方差阵可以是奇异阵的广义 Gauss-Markov模型(简称广义G-M模型),它是一种形式简单的统一模型。本文从最小二乘估计V~TQ~-V=min 出发,研究广义G-M 模型的参数估计理论和方法。说明了V~TQV~-=min与 Rao及Bjeharmmar等的平差原则一致。并对广义 G-M模型之解及其性质进行了系统讨论。  相似文献   

Inverse methods for subsurface flow: A critical review of stochastic techniques     

T. R. Ginn  J. H. Cushman 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1990,4(1):1-26

The development of stochastic methods for groundwater flow representation has undergone enormous expansion in recent years. The calibration of groundwater models, the inverse problem, has lately received comparable attention especially and almost exclusively from the stochastic perspective. In this review we trace the evolution of the methods to date with a specific view toward identifying the most important issues involved in the usefulness of the approaches. The methods are critiqued regarding practical usefulness, and future directions for requisite study are discussed.  相似文献   

基于水位流量关系的流量估算不确定性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

邱江潮  刘丙军  杨子博  彭为 《水科学进展》1990,31(2):214-223

针对现有水位流量关系线型物理机制不强及流量估算不确定性来源考虑不充分问题,以北江流域石角水文站为例,推导该测站水位流量关系,基于BaRatin模型评估流量测量误差及率定样本选取对估算流量不确定性的影响。发现河槽控制宽浅矩形断面水位流量关系为幂函数,其系数可用糙率、河宽、比降表达,指数为定值5/3;考虑流量测量误差后高水估算流量总不确定性减小32%;率定数据增加1倍、3倍,高水估算流量总不确定性减小12%、34%。结果表明:① 水位流量关系模型建立方法可推广至多类型测站;② 高水测量误差对率定精度影响较大,建议提高高水流量测量精度;③ 现有实测水位与流量数据存在信息冗余,主要存在于低水数据中,本方法可减少率定数据使用,降低整编成本。  相似文献   

Estimation for partially observed Markov processes     

M. E. Thompson  T. N. Kaseke 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1995,9(1):33-47

Many stochastic process models for environmental data sets assume a process of relatively simple structure which is in some sense partially observed. That is, there is an underlying process (X_n, n 0) or (X_t, t 0) for which the parameters are of interest and physically meaningful, and an observable process (Y_n, n 0) or (Y_t, t 0) which depends on the X process but not otherwise on those parameters. Examples are wide ranging: the Y process may be the X process with missing observations; the Y process may be the X process observed with a noise component; the X process might constitute a random environment for the Y process, as with hidden Markov models; the Y process might be a lower dimensional function or reduction of the X process. In principle, maximum likelihood estimation for the X process parameters can be carried out by some form of the EM algorithm applied to the Y process data. In the paper we review some current methods for exact and approximate maximum likelihood estimation. We illustrate some of the issues by considering how to estimate the parameters of a stochastic Nash cascade model for runoff. In the case of k reservoirs, the outputs of these reservoirs form a k dimensional vector Markov process, of which only the kth coordinate process is observed, usually at a discrete sample of time points.  相似文献   

基于UTM-30LX的旋翼无人机定位检测系统设计     

陈显龙  王小康  刘盼盼 《地理信息世界》2016,(3):60-65

为了确定旋翼无人机的位置信息,设计了一种采用激光雷达UTM-30LX来获取无人机定位信息的检测系统。该系统采用了激光雷达作为机载传感器获取无人机的周围环境数据,并使用了树莓派2代B型开发板来处理相关数据和控制检测系统。系统软件设计方面,采用C语言和MATLAB语言进行数据预处理、坐标投影变换、位移估计和定位。此外,阐述了定位信息检测的原理、检测系统的硬件电路设计方案和系统软件设计方案等。最后的实验数据表明,设计方案能够满足获取无人机位置信息的需求。  相似文献   

基于遥感信息的新安江水文模型参数推求方法——以老灌河流域为例     

刘硕  杜志强  张叶廷  朱庆 《地理信息世界》2016,(2):9-15

我国水文气象站少且空间分布不均衡,水文模型参数难以获取极大限制了其在防洪预警中的应用。针对新安江水文模型在无水文资料地区应用的局限性,本文提出了一种基于遥感信息的新安江模型参数推求方法,实现了可率定的模型参数的推求:利用土壤特性与土地覆被遥感信息推求流域张力水蓄水容量;基于流域土地覆被遥感信息提取不透水面积比;利用流域土壤特性及叶面积指数遥感影像间接推算流域自由水蓄水容量。利用本文方法推求了老灌河流域新安江水文模型参数并进行了日径流模拟,实验结果表明,流域水文模拟中利用遥感信息推求出的模型参数的准确性可以达到80%以上。  相似文献   

SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATION OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX OVER SOUTHERN CHINA     

李玉梅  彭玉麟  简茂球 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2016,22(3):393-401

The spatio-temporal variation of surface sensible heat flux (SHF) in southern China (SC) is studied based on the data evaluated from conventional observational meteorological data. There exist prominent increasing trends in all seasonal surface sensible heat fluxes in the western SC and decreasing trends in the central-eastern part of southern China. The variations of surface sensible heat flux in all seasons are dominant on interannual time-scales. The land-air temperature difference and the near-surface wind speed are two key factors for the interannual variations of SHF, but the former is more important. The first two major anomalous patterns of SHF are presented as the region-wide in-phase anomalies and the east-west dipole anomalies, respectively, based on the EOF analysis results.  相似文献