中国钨矿成矿地质特征与资源潜力分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

夏庆霖  汪新庆  刘壮壮  李童斐  冯磊 《地学前缘》2018,25(3):50-58

钨矿是中国传统优势矿种,前人在钨矿成矿理论方面积累了非常丰富的研究成果。然而,随着近年来在江西、云南和新疆等地取得的多项钨矿重大找矿突破,对原有的钨成矿带地质认识提出了挑战,急需进一步分析和总结其地质特征、成矿规律和资源潜力,为今后地质找矿工作提供理论指导。文中采用矿床模型综合地质信息预测方法,在各省区钨矿资源潜力预测成果的基础上,以MapGIS为平台,进行数据库汇总与综合分析研究。首先,基于全国1 538处钨矿产地数据的统计分析,初步总结了中国钨矿时空分布特征,以及岩浆岩、构造和地层等控矿因素。其次,根据钨矿床及预测区的空间分布和大地构造单元,划分了56个钨矿成矿区带。再次,将钨矿的预测类型划分为石英脉型、夕卡岩型、斑岩型、云英岩型、陆相火山岩型、沉积变质型、层控夕卡岩型和砂矿型,并建立了主要钨矿类型的预测模型。最后,在全国范围累计圈定的1 357个最小预测,累计预测资源量(WO3)2 973×104 t。根据钨矿区域成矿特征,将最小预测区归并为461个二级预测区,并进一步合并为118个钨矿三级预测区,其中,找矿潜力大的河南卢氏-栾川、新疆白干湖、湖南香花岭-瑶岗仙、甘肃野马滩-干巴河脑、江西坪背山-八仙脑和大湖塘等6个三级预测区可优先部署钨矿勘查工作。  相似文献   

Environmental management frameworks for offshore mining: the New Zealand approach     

《Marine Policy》2017

The New Zealand region contains untapped natural mineral, oil, and gas resources while also supporting globally unique and diverse faunal communities that need to be managed sustainably. In this paper key information from the international literature is reviewed that can underpin an Environmental Mining Management System which includes elements of Environmental Risk Assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Management Planning. This paper focuses on four developing areas of seafloor mining activities presently being undertaken or planned in the New Zealand region: hydrocarbons (oil and gas), minerals, ironsands and phosphorite nodules. A number of issues with the implementation of environmental management systems are identified including the difficulty of assessing new marine activities or technologies and the need for standardised reporting metrics. Finally, the development of ecosystem-based management and marine spatial planning is discussed which will be required to enhance environmental mining management frameworks in New Zealand.  相似文献   

Nutrients,light and phytoplankton production in the shallow,tropical coastal waters of Bandon Bay,Southern Thailand          下载免费PDF全文

Takashi Yoshikawa  Kosuke Tomizawa  Yuki Okamoto  Kazuya Watanabe  Jintana Salaenoi  Kenichi Hayashizaki  Hisashi Kurokura  Satoshi Ishikawa 《Marine Ecology》2017,38(6)

Phytoplankton primary production and its regulation by light and nutrient availability were investigated in the shallow, tropical coastal waters of Bandon Bay, Southern Thailand. The bay was meso‐eutrophicated and highly turbid, receiving river water discharge. Water column stratification was consistently weak during both rainy and dry seasons. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was higher off the river mouth than in the other regions, suggesting that river water discharge was a main source of DIN. By contrast, dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) showed a significant negative correlation with total water depth, implying that regeneration around the sea floor was an important source of DIP. Surface DIN and DIP showed positive correlations with surface primary production (PP) and water column primary productivity (ΣPP*), respectively. The combined correlation and model analyses indicate that total water depth had an ambivalent influence on water column primary production (ΣPP); shallower water depth induced more active regeneration of nutrients, but it also caused higher turbidity and lower light availability as a result of enhanced resuspension of sediments. Furthermore, there was a vertical constraint for phytoplankton during the rainy season: total water depth tended to be shallower than euphotic zone depth. In conclusion, light limitation and vertical constraint owing to shallow water depth appear to be more important than nutrient limitation for water column primary production in Bandon Bay.  相似文献   

Hg对锦州湾表层沉积物异养细菌代谢酶活性的影响研究     

徐庆彤  刘瑞志  郭小雅  李捷  雷坤  刘庆庆  郝晨林 《海洋科学》2017,41(8):108-115

为了解重金属Hg对锦州湾海域表层沉积物中异养细菌的主要代谢酶的影响,采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对锦州湾表层沉积物中重金属Hg开展潜在生态风险评价,利用平板扩散法测定了9个站位沉积物中异养细菌四种水解酶活性。结果显示:锦州湾海域表层沉积物中重金属污染严重,Hg的含量和潜在生态危害河口最为严重,向外逐步递减,表明本海域表层沉积物中的Hg主要由陆源输入;表层沉积物中异养细菌水解酶活性与抗性异养菌比例均表现为西南部河口区高于东北部外海海域,与重金属Hg的含量分布及Hakanson潜在生态危害指数基本相似,这表明长期高浓度的重金属污染,改变了锦州湾海域表层沉积物中的异养菌的生理代谢过程,在生理或遗传物质上对重金属产生了一定的抗性;磷酸酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶与沉积物中Hg的含量具有显著正相关性,说明其对重金属Hg较为敏感,在一定程度上可作为反映锦州湾海域沉积物中重金属Hg污染状况的生物学指标。  相似文献   

Jurassic source rocks in the Vienna Basin (Austria): Assessment of conventional and unconventional petroleum potential     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

The Upper Jurassic marlstones (Mikulov Fm.) and marly limestones (Falkenstein Fm.) are the main source rocks for conventional hydrocarbons in the Vienna Basin in Austria. In addition, the Mikulov Formation has been considered a potential shale gas play. In this paper, organic geochemical, petrographical and mineralogical data from both formations in borehole Staatz 1 are used to determine the source potential and its vertical variability. Additional samples from other boreholes are used to evaluate lateral trends. Deltaic sediments (Lower Quarzarenite Member) and prodelta shales (Lower Shale Member) of the Middle Jurassic Gresten Formation have been discussed as secondary sources for hydrocarbons in the Vienna Basin area and are therefore included in the present study.The Falkenstein and Mikulov formations in Staatz 1 contain up to 2.5 wt%TOC. The organic matter is dominated by algal material. Nevertheless, HI values are relative low (<400 mgHC/gTOC), a result of organic matter degradation in a dysoxic environment. Both formations hold a fair to good petroleum potential. Because of its great thickness (∼1500 m), the source potential index of the Upper Jurrasic interval is high (7.5 tHC/m²). Within the oil window, the Falkenstein and Mikulov formations will produce paraffinic-naphtenic-aromatic low wax oil with low sulfur content. Whereas vertical variations are minor, limited data from the deep overmature samples suggest that original TOC contents may have increased basinwards. Based on TOC contents (typically <2.0 wt%) and the very deep position of the maturity cut-off values for shale oil/gas production (∼4000 and 5000 m, respectively), the potential for economic recovery of unconventional petroleum is limited. The Lower Quarzarenite Member of the Middle Jurassic Gresten Formation hosts a moderate oil potential, while the Lower Shale Member is are poor source rock.  相似文献   

2009年冬季南海北部浮游植物粒度分级生物量和初级生产力          下载免费PDF全文

曾祥茜  乐凤凤  周文礼  蔡昱明  郝锵 《海洋学研究》2017,35(3):67-78

2009年2月在南海北部海域现场观测粒度分级叶绿素a质量浓度和初级生产力(PP)的分布。结果表明,调查海域水柱平均叶绿素a质量浓度的变化范围为0.11～8.37 mg/m³,平均为(1.28±2.23) mg/m³,高值区出现在珠江口及近岸海域;初级生产力的范围为344.8～1 222.5 mgC/(m²·d),平均为(784.2±351.4) mgC/(m²·d),高值区位于近岸及陆架海域。浮游植物粒度分级测定结果表明,在生物量较高的近岸海域,叶绿素a的粒级结构以小型浮游植物占优势,其贡献率为40.9%,微型和微微型浮游植物对总叶绿素a的贡献率分别为34.6%和24.5%;而在生物量较低的陆坡和开阔海域,各粒级浮游植物对叶绿素a的贡献率由大到小依次为微微型浮游植物(78.9%),微型浮游植物(17.2%)和小型浮游植物(3.9%)。相关性分析结果表明,调查海域分级叶绿素a的区域化分布特征与洋流运动下营养盐的分布密切相关,同时叶绿素a又高度影响着此区域PP的分布。此外,我们将调查海域实测所得浮游植物最佳光合作用速率与采用垂向归一化初级生产力模型估算的数据进行对比,发现后者明显低于前者,这说明通过水温估算最佳光合作用速率的算法在冬季南海北部可能存在低估。  相似文献   

海洋产业结构变动对海洋经济效率影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

章成  平瑛 《海洋开发与管理》2017,34(11):91-96

产业结构变动对经济增长影响已经得到了现代经济增长理论的肯定,但是产业结构变动对经济增长效率的影响一直是学术界没有解决的问题。目前中国已经进入了中等收入国家,粗放式增长逐渐结束,集约式增长越来越受到重视。文章基于海洋产业,研究了海洋产业结构变动对经济增长效率的影响,将海洋产业结构变动具体量化,分为海洋产业结构高级化和合理化;其次运用海洋产业全要素生产率来衡量海洋经济增长效率,通过从海洋生产函数中剔除初级要素带来的海洋经济增长效率得出海洋产业全要素生产率;同时计算出海洋产业劳动和资本的生产效率;最后收集了1996—2015年全国沿海11个省、市、自治区的数据,运用混合面板数据模型来研究海洋产业结构高级化和合理化对海洋经济增长效率的影响。研究发现海洋产业结构合理化和高级化对海洋经济增长具有正面影响,对于未来发展海洋经济提出了提高海洋产业技术来提高海洋产业结构优化,从而使得海洋经济发展走上集约式增长之路。  相似文献   

湖南省饮用天然矿泉水资源潜力评价与开发利用区划     

黄树春  赵帅军  夏友  刘志尧  曾艳华 《地质与资源》2017,26(1):67-72

湖南省饮用天然矿泉水资源丰富、水质优良.本文从区域地质条件、水文地质条件以及矿泉水资源现状几个方面来选取评价因子,利用层次分析法构建评价指标体系,运用综合指数评价模型对湖南省饮用天然矿泉水资源潜力进行评价,最后根据评价结果划分了石门-慈利、张家界-永顺、绥宁等11个矿泉水资源高潜力区,石门-花垣等14个矿泉水资源较高潜力区,以及中等潜力区和低潜力区.此外基于资源潜力评价结果,结合市场潜力和开发利用经济技术条件两个方面,最后将全省区划为张家界-永顺矿泉水分布区、益阳-韶山-湘潭等4个矿泉水优先开发保护区,石门-慈利、隆回、绥宁等12个矿泉水重点开发保护区,以及远景开发保护区和限制开发保护区.  相似文献   

南美地区铀矿床类型、成矿区带及找矿前景     

朱意萍  姚仲友  赵宇浩  赵晓丹  刘君安 《地质通报》2017,36(12):2185-2196

南美地区蕴藏了丰富的铀矿资源。通过对砂岩型、石英卵石砾岩型、钙质结砾岩型、火山岩型、花岗岩型、交代岩型6种类型11个矿区进行研究,总结了它们的地质特征,初步划分出中安第斯、阿根廷北部、丘布特和南美东部4个铀矿成矿带,优选出几处铀矿资源潜力区,希望对"走出去"铀矿地质研究工作提供参考。  相似文献   

四川盆地理论CO_2地质利用与封存潜力评估     

刁玉杰  朱国维  金晓琳  张超  李旭峰 《地质通报》2017,36(6):1088-1095

结合CO_2地质利用与封存技术机理,在国际权威潜力评估公式的基础上,系统地提出了适合中国地质背景的次盆地尺度CO_2封存潜力评估方法及关键参数取值。同时,以四川盆地为例,依次开展了枯竭油田地质封存与CO_2强化石油开采、枯竭气田与CO_2强化采气、不可采煤层地质封存与CO_2驱替煤层气,以及咸水层地质封存技术的CO_2地质封存潜力。结果表明,四川盆地利用深部咸水层与枯竭天然气田CO_2地质封存潜力最大,期望值分别达154.20×10~8t和53.73×10~8t。其中,枯竭天然气田因成藏条件好、勘探程度高、基础建设完善,为四川盆地及其周边利用枯竭气田CO_2地质封存技术实现低碳减排提供了早期示范机会。CO_2地质利用与封存潜力评估方法,对进一步开展全国次盆地尺度理论封存潜力评估与工程规划具有重要意义。  相似文献