Mapping the Stakeholders: Using Social Network Analysis to Increase the Legitimacy and Transparency of Participatory Scenario Planning     

M. Krupa  M. Cenek  J. Powell  E. J. Trammell 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(1):136-141

Participatory scenario planning (PSP) processes rely on accurate stakeholder identification to develop a key set of critical uncertainties. While many stakeholder analysis methods are able to identify stakeholders and describe their relationships, we found these efforts to have limited use in the fast-moving and in-depth approach of PSP research. We find that social network analysis (SNA) is an efficient, objective, and transparent approach to stakeholder identification in highly contested natural resource management issues. We present a case study of our research on Alaska’s Kenai Peninsula to describe how SNA’s ability to contextualize the relations between actors can benefit participatory research.  相似文献   

Is Larger Scale Better? Evidence from Rice Farming in Jianghan Plain     

WANG Jiayue  XIN Liangjie 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(4):352-364

Small-scale household agricultural production has been in conflict with China’s agricultural modernization. In the context of vigorously promoting rural land circulation and moderate scale management nationwide, research on the relationship between farm size and scale efficiency has become increasingly important. In this paper, we use the “DEA-OLS” two stage method to analyze data from 368 surveys of rice farming households in the Jianghan Plain. The scale efficiency of rice farming was calculated, and the relationship between farm size and scale efficiency investigated. The results indicate that (1) the rice farm size is generally small in Jianghan Plain, with an average of 0.77 ha. The average scale efficiency is 0.88, and it is the main factor limiting an increase in comprehensive technical efficiency. Moreover, 88.32% of households are in the stage of increasing returns to scale. (2) There is a stable inverted “U” type relationship between rice farm size and scale efficiency. Considering characteristics of the householder, the household and land quality, the maximum scale efficiency corresponds to a household with 5 ha of rice farm. (3) Among householder characteristics, age has a significant negative influence on scale efficiency, and scale efficiency is lower for a household whose householder is engaged in non-farm work than for one whose householder is devoted to farming. As for land quality, there was a significant positive effect of irrigation on scale efficiency. Among family characteristics, the application of a machine during the seeding process increased scale efficiency by 3.07%. Therefore, we suggest that local government should actively promote rural land circulation, implement a staged-scale management subsidy, and other forms of support for the purchase of agricultural machinery and technical popularization. Increased investment in irrigation improvements and mechanical facilities and encouragement of farmers to enlarge their farm size could improve scale efficiency and farming profit and lead to the development of moderate scale management.  相似文献   

Budgeting for climate change: obstacles and opportunities at the US state level     

Elisabeth A. Gilmore  Travis St.Clair 《Climate Policy》2018,18(6):729-741

State governments in the United States are well placed to identify opportunities for mitigation and the needs for adaptation to climate change. However, the cost of these efforts can have important implications for budgets that already face pressures from diverse areas such as unfunded pensions and growing health care costs. In this work, the current level of spending on climate-related activities at the state level are evaluated and policy recommendations are developed to improve financial management practices as they relate to climate risk. An examination of state budgets reveals that climate mitigation and adaptation activities represent less than 1% of spending in most states. The data collection highlights the obstacles to collecting accurate spending data and the lack of budgetary and accounting procedures in place. More importantly, the difficulty in benchmarking these activities poses challenges for the analysis of state-level policies as well as planning and modelling future climate-related spending. Other policy contexts, including public pensions and infrastructure, can provide guidance on budgetary and accounting tools that may help states prepare for and more efficiently manage climate-related expenditures.

Key policy insights

• Climate change mitigation and adaptation will require substantial investments across many levels of government on a wide range of activities.

• Currently, US states are not clearly demarcating climate expenditures, hindering the identification of climate-related budgetary risks.

• In the absence of guidelines, these longer term fiscal outlays may remain chronically underfunded in favour of more near-term spending priorities.

• Establishing appropriate financial management and data collection practices is important for more sophisticated cost-effectiveness and policy analyses.

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省级气象云资源管理平台设计与应用     

陈鹏  唐红昇  裴向杰  沈菲菲  吉曹翔  鲍婷婷  马彬 《气象科技》2017,45(5):949-954

基于OpenStack架构建立省级云资源管理平台,通过整合省级各类硬件资源,将计算、存储、网络等硬件资源纳入统一资源池管理,在此基础上将省级原有的多套虚拟化系统软硬件资源纳入平台统一管理。平台投入使用后资源有效利用率大幅提升,实现硬件资源动态、弹性、可回收利用,能够更好地为各业务部门提供硬件资源服务。通过接管省级VMware、OS等虚拟化系统,平台可以根据业务需求快速部署交付业务系统,大幅提高对气象业务的服务和支撑能力,提高了系统运维的水平和效率。该平台的建成和应用对省级云计算发展和应用具有示范、服务、探索等多重作用,特别是对带动省级信息化建设进入新阶段,探寻省级新的信息化建设模式具有现实意义。  相似文献   

中国东中西部城市土地储备决策绩效比较研究     

王振坡  翟婧彤  郑丹 《地域研究与开发》2016,(4):120-125

运用数据包络分析(DEA)模型,对2013年中国内地34个大中城市土地储备决策绩效进行总体评价和比较分析。研究结果表明:东部地区城市土地储备决策效率最高,西部次之,中部最低;土地储备决策效率受到纯技术效率和规模效率的共同作用,且规模效率作用较大;影响东中西部城市土地储备决策效率投入产出的主要因素各不相同。基于此,从深化土地及相关制度改革和提升政府管理效率两个层面提出土地储备决策绩效优化策略,从而提高土地资源利用效率、优化城市空间结构。  相似文献   

面向土地全生命周期的地籍时空管理系统设计与探讨     

孟令颂  陈鹏  童小华  金雁敏 《地理信息世界》2016,(4):76-80

从地籍动态管理的角度,提出了土地与宗地全生命周期的概念。基于此,设计了地籍时空数据结构,探讨了面向全生命周期的地籍时空管理系统的结构和功能,并将研发的系统运用在实际业务中,以贯穿于其全生命周期管理。  相似文献   

基于NewMap Server的旅游信息服务系统开发与实现     

武永斌  李国清  卢小平 《地理信息世界》2016,(5):104-108

本文采用NewMap Server将基础地理信息数据和旅游专题数据发布为地图服务和要素服务,通过数据库引擎连接Oracle 11g并建立服务器端的旅游空间信息数据库,将地图空间数据和属性数据进行存储与管理,并结合NewMap Server JSAPI,在Web GIS、物联网等技术的基础上,设计并完成了B/S架构的"数字洛阳旅游信息服务系统",实现了旅游信息资源的空间查询和分析、景区在线实时监控、旅游APP下载等诸多功能,为旅游管理部门和社会大众提供了直观、便捷的空间信息服务,从而方便用户掌握当地旅游资源、了解旅游即时动态、制定个性化的旅游计划。  相似文献   

土建类工程管理专业工程测量教学探讨     

贺跃光  高成发  鲍建宽 《测绘工程》2007,16(5):71-74

分析工程管理专业的服务面,认为社会对工程管理人才素质的要求,既不同于土木工程人才那样要求对土木工程技术掌握得很专深,又不同于一般管理人才那样对工程技术知识要求不高。工程测量作为工程建设的设计、施工和管理各阶段中进行测量工作的理论、方法和技术,是工程建设的主要导向技术。文中提出了工程管理专业工程测量教学应当注重工程测量课程的基本理论和技术,测量实践教学内容应以用图与施工测量为重点的观点。探讨了新形势下土建类工程管理专业工程测量教学模式。  相似文献   

Remote sensing and GIS based determination of groundwater dependent ecosystems in the Western Cape, South Africa   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Zahn Münch  Julian Conrad 《Hydrogeology Journal》2007,15(1):19-28

Finding the location of groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) is important in determining the extent of restrictions that need to be placed upon the abstraction of groundwater. Remote sensing was combined with geographical information system (GIS) modelling to produce a GDE probability rating map for the Sandveld region, South Africa. Landsat TM imagery identified the areas indicating the probable presence of GDEs and GIS assisted in their delineation. Three GIS models were generated: a GIS model predicting landscape wetness potential (LWP model) based on terrain morphological features; the LWP model was modified to highlight groundwater generated landscape wetness potential (the resulting GglWP model); and a groundwater elevation model was interpolated, combining groundwater level measurements in boreholes in the region with digital elevation model data. Biomass indicators generated from Landsat were classified and combined with the GIS models, followed by field verification of riverine and wetland GDEs. The LWP model provided the most accurate results of the three models tested for GDEs in this region.

Zahn MünchEmail:

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Constrction of watershed flood disaster management information system and its application to the catastrophic flood of the Yangtze River in 1998     

CHENDe-qing  HUANG Shi-feng  YANG Cun-jian 《地理学报(英文版)》1999,(2)

lintroductionFlooddi~rbringsaboutgreatdamagestopropellesandseriouslossoflives.InChina,onetenthofterritory,500billionPeople,3300X104haofculhvatedland.morethan100largeandndddiecihesand70%ofindusthalandagricultoloutputvaluearethreatenedbyfloodings'l.Watershedflooddisastermanagementconcernsmonitoringandforecastingflood,assessingtheflooddamageandfloodcontrolanddiSasterreduchondecision-makinginthescopeofthewholewatershed.RemotesensingandGeographicalinfonnahonSystemarepowerfultoolstoconstIUctWate…  相似文献