干旱区芦苇蒸散量计算模式研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

李岳坦  胡顺军  李新虎  马诺  张圣芸 《干旱区地理》2009,32(5)

从蒸散量和水面蒸发量之比与主要根系层平均含水率的关系出发,利用在中国科学院阿克苏水平衡试验站芦苇试验小区监测的土壤水分和蒸散资料,建立了干旱区芦苇蒸散量的计算模式,并利用芦苇实际蒸散量的测量值,对模式进行了验证。结果表明,模式计算精度较高,可以作为计算干旱区芦苇蒸散量的一种计算方法而使用。  相似文献   

Modified image algorithm to simulate seismic channel waves in 3D tunnel model with rugged free surfaces   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Hui Li  Peimin Zhu  Guangzhong Ji  Qiang Zhang 《Geophysical Prospecting》2016,64(5):1259-1274

The existence of rugged free‐surface three‐dimensional tunnel conditions in the coal seams, caused either by geological or mining processes, will inevitably influence wave propagation characteristics when the seismic waves go through the coal mines. Thus, a modified image algorithm has been developed to account for seismic channel waves propagating through this complicated topography with irregular free surfaces. Moreover, the seismic channel waves commonly exhibit damped and dispersive signatures, which is not only because of their own unique sandwich geometry of rock–coal–rock but also because of the viscoelastic behavior of coal. Considering the complexity of programming in three‐dimensional tunnel models with rugged free surfaces, an optimized vacuum grid search algorithm, enabling to model highly irregular topography and to compute efficiently, is also proposed when using high‐order staggered finite‐difference scheme to simulate seismic channel wave propagations in viscoelastic media. The numerical simulations are implemented to investigate the accuracy and stability of the method and the impact of coal's viscoelastic behavior on seismic channel wave propagation characteristics. The results indicate that the automatic vacuum grid search algorithm can be easily merged into high‐order staggered finite‐difference scheme, which can efficiently be applied to calculate three‐dimensional tunnel models with rugged free surfaces in the viscoelastic media. The simulation also suggests that the occurrence of a three‐dimensional tunnel with free surfaces has a remarkable influence on the seismic channel wave propagation characteristics and elastic energy distribution.  相似文献   

半参数模型在地形图测绘中的应用     

刘玉财  何涛  李胜友 《地理空间信息》2012,10(6):133-135,1

半参数回归模型在测绘数据处理领域中被广泛应用。采用把半参数回归模型与传统的二次曲面拟合相结合的方法,对测量数据进行二次曲面拟合和高程的推估与内插,为传统地形图测绘的高程采集问题提供了一种解决途径。  相似文献   

基于谱运算的复相关函数法在干涉复图像配准中的应用   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

曾琪明  解学通 《测绘学报》2004,33(2):127-131

复图像配准是干涉SAR处理中的关键步骤之一,要求配准精度达到0.1个像元的水平,而控制点的精确定位是复图像配准中的核心环节.尽管前人提出采用复相关系数法、信噪比法、平均扰动函数法等算法,但他们都是基于滑动窗口的算法,运算效率低.在分析前人算法的基础上,引入基于谱运算的复相关函数算法实现控制点的亚像元级精确定位,分析比较了算法的计算复杂度.应用该算法对我国某地区ERS-2的SLC数据进行了实验,生成了干涉图像,并进行了相干性分析,证明了该算法的可行性和稳健性.实验研究证明即使在主从图像时间间隔较大、相干性差的情况下,应用该算法也能获得干涉条纹图.  相似文献   

粉质黏土变形特性的冻融循环效应及其双屈服面本构模型     

胡田飞  刘建坤  王天亮  岳祖润 《岩土力学》2019,(3):987-997

  相似文献   

生物酶改良膨胀土的修正殷宗泽模型     

陈永青  文畅平  方炫强 《岩土力学》2019,40(9):3515-3523

以描述生物酶改良膨胀土的应力?应变关系为研究目的,提出基于生物酶掺量的修正殷宗泽模型。开展了一系列三轴排水剪切试验。对不同生物酶掺量下改良膨胀土的弹性形变演化规律进行了分析,同时研究了生物酶掺量与剪切压缩、剪切膨胀相关的屈服面形状的演化规律,以及与破坏线方程的演化规律。在此基础上分析了生物酶掺量对殷宗泽模型的参数影响规律。引入生物酶掺量作为修正殷宗泽模型的修正因子,最终对殷宗泽模型进行了修正。研究结果表明：生物酶能有效地提高改良膨胀土的力学性能,修正殷宗泽模型能够很好地描述生物酶改良膨胀土的土体本构关系。对比修正殷宗泽模型的理论计算值与试验值,两者具有很高的吻合度,且修正殷宗泽模型的参数确定方法与殷宗泽模型参数确定方法相同。  相似文献   

Rapid imbibition of water in fractures within unsaturated sedimentary rock     

《Advances in water resources》2015

The spontaneous imbibition of water and other liquids into gas-filled fractures in variably-saturated porous media is important in a variety of engineering and geological contexts. However, surprisingly few studies have investigated this phenomenon. We present a theoretical framework for predicting the 1-dimensional movement of water into air-filled fractures within a porous medium based on early-time capillary dynamics and spreading over the rough surfaces of fracture faces. The theory permits estimation of sorptivity values for the matrix and fracture zone, as well as a dispersion parameter which quantifies the extent of spreading of the wetting front. Quantitative data on spontaneous imbibition of water in unsaturated Berea sandstone cores were acquired to evaluate the proposed model. The cores with different permeability classes ranging from 50 to 500 mD and were fractured using the Brazilian method. Spontaneous imbibition in the fractured cores was measured by dynamic neutron radiography at the Neutron Imaging Prototype Facility (beam line CG-1D, HFIR), Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Water uptake into both the matrix and the fracture zone exhibited square-root-of-time behavior. The matrix sorptivities ranged from 2.9 to 4.6 mm s^−0.5, and increased linearly as the permeability class increased. The sorptivities of the fracture zones ranged from 17.9 to 27.1 mm s^−0.5, and increased linearly with increasing fracture aperture width. The dispersion coefficients ranged from 23.7 to 66.7 mm² s⁻¹ and increased linearly with increasing fracture aperture width and damage zone width. Both theory and observations indicate that fractures can significantly increase spontaneous imbibition in unsaturated sedimentary rock by capillary action and surface spreading on rough fracture faces. Fractures also increase the dispersion of the wetting front. Further research is needed to investigate this phenomenon in other natural and engineered porous media.  相似文献   

基于离散元的重力坝多滑面深层抗滑稳定分析     

杨利福  常晓林  周伟  程勇刚  马刚 《岩土力学》2015,36(5):1463-1470

重力坝的深层抗滑稳定分析多采用刚体极限平衡法和非线性有限元法,但刚体极限平衡法不能反映坝基岩体渐进失稳过程和破坏的力学机制,非线性有限元法模拟岩体不连续效率低,且还未有统一的失稳判据。基于离散块体边界应力计算结果,提出重力坝坝基多滑面抗滑稳定安全系数计算公式,并探讨了以坝体-坝基系统能量突变作为坝基失稳判据的物理意义。通过与非线性有限单元法、刚体极限平衡法计算结果的比较,验证了所提方法及判据的可靠性及合理性。结合向家坝水电站重力坝泄12#坝段进行计算分析,结果表明：基于离散元强度储备系数法搜索的坝基失稳通道由坝基岩体屈服区和结构面滑移带组成,所提计算方法与判据适用于实际工程的坝基深层抗滑稳定计算分析,且计算结果偏安全。  相似文献   

考虑参数空间变异性多层土坡系统可靠度分析     

蒋水华  李典庆 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):629-633

多层土坡在岩土工程实际中十分常见,不仅土体参数存在一定的空间变异性,而且土体框架呈现明显的层状分布特征,然而目前对考虑土体参数空间变异性的多层土坡稳定可靠度研究的远远不够。提出了基于多重响应面边坡系统可靠度分析的蒙特卡洛模拟（MCS）方法,给出了计算流程图,系统地研究了考虑土体参数空间变异性的多层土坡系统可靠度问题。结果表明,提出方法能够有效地分析考虑参数空间变异性低失效概率水平的多层土坡系统可靠度问题,并且具有较高的参数敏感性分析计算效率。  相似文献   

Magnetic portraits of Tethys and Rhea     

Krishan K. Khurana  C.T. Russell 《Icarus》2008,193(2):465-474

The Cassini spacecraft made a single flyby each of Saturn's icy moons Tethys and Rhea in late 2005. The magnetic field observations from these flybys provide unique portraits of the magnetic properties of these moons. These are the first observations of interactions of these inert moons with the sub-magnetosonic plasma of Saturn's magnetosphere. Because the upstream field and plasma conditions are extremely stable, we are able to observe the interaction in great detail. One of the major findings of this study is that the region of plasma depletion is greatly elongated along the field direction in a sub-magnetosonic interaction. Based on the consideration of field aligned velocities of thermal ions, we show that overlapping particle shadow wings form downstream of an inert moon such that in each of the particle shadow wings, particles of specific field aligned velocities are depleted. Other major findings of this study are: (1) Tethys and Rhea are devoid of any internal magnetic field; (2) No induction generated field was observed, as expected because of the extremely weak primary inducing (time varying) field; (3) There is no appreciable mass-loading of Saturn's magnetosphere from Tethys and Rhea; (4) We predict that wave particles interactions would be generated that smooth out the phase space holes created by the moon/plasma interaction. These waves serve to isotropize the plasma distribution function.  相似文献