Interpretation of torsional shear results for nonlinear stress–strain relationship     

Z. X. Yang  X. S. Li  J. Yang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2008,32(10):1247-1266

Torsional tests are frequently used in material testing to determine shear stress–strain relationships. In the tests, torque is applied to a solid or hollow cylindrical specimen, whose twist angle is recorded as the response. While the raw test results are readily available in terms of torque–twist sets, converting them into intrinsic stress–strain relationships is not always straightforward, owing to the nonlinear stress–strain behavior and the non‐uniform radial distribution of the stress and strain fields. It follows that the approaches currently used to interpret torsional data are essentially empirical based. The present paper addresses this data interpretation issue from a more rigorous perspective. The paper includes two parts: the first part concerns hollow cylindrical specimens under torsion, where an analytical‐based recursive procedure is developed; and the second part deals with solid torsional specimens, for which an analytical solution given by Nadai is directly employed. Examples pertaining to these two cases are examined and the resulting shear stress–strain curves are compared with those based on a number of popular empirical methods. The proposed analytical approaches can serve as a benchmark for checking the accuracy and validity of those empirical propositions. It is worth noting that, for brittle materials exhibiting softening behavior, only the analytical method gives the correct interpretation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

5个CSS源50cm VLBI观测数据的再处理     

蔡正东  彭勃  南仁东  R. T. Schilizzi  C. Fanti  R. Fanti  M. Inoue  S. Kameno 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1992,(4)

本文给出了全球VLBI网50cm数据成图再处理的部分结果.样本包括5个CSS射电源:3C43、3C138、3C186、3C216和3C237.为了便于比较,同时给出了二次成图处理后的图象.通过对这些源的形态描述,并且通过与其它波段高分辨率图的对照,核实了再处理图上各子源的位置,这些低频观测细节,对更好地了解CSS源的本质无疑是十分有益的。  相似文献   

Alignment and signed-intensity anomalies in Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe data     

P. Vielva  Y. Wiaux  E. Martínez-González  P. Vandergheynst 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,381(3):932-942

Significant alignment and signed-intensity anomalies of local features of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are detected on the three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe data, through a decomposition of the signal with steerable wavelets on the sphere. In addition to identifying local features of a signal at specific scales, steerable wavelets allow one to determine their local orientation and signed intensity. First, an alignment analysis identifies two mean preferred planes in the sky, both with normal axes close to the CMB dipole axis. The first plane is defined by the directions towards which local CMB features are anomalously aligned. A mean preferred axis is also identified in this plane, located very close to the ecliptic poles axis. The second plane is defined by the directions anomalously avoided by local CMB features. This alignment anomaly provides further insight on recent results. Secondly, a signed-intensity analysis identifies three mean preferred directions in the southern Galactic hemisphere with anomalously high or low temperature of local CMB features: a cold spot essentially identified with a known cold spot, a second cold spot lying very close to the southern end of the CMB dipole axis, and a hotspot lying close to the southern end of the ecliptic poles axis. In both analyses, the anomalies are observed at wavelet scales corresponding to angular sizes around 10° on the celestial sphere, with global significance levels around 1 per cent. Further investigation reveals that the alignment and signed-intensity anomalies are only very partially related. Instrumental noise, foreground emissions and some form of other systematics are strongly rejected as possible origins of the detections. An explanation might still be envisaged in terms of a global violation of the isotropy of the Universe, inducing an intrinsic statistical anisotropy of the CMB.  相似文献   

地震计时域标定的噪声数据处理   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

周云耀 《大地测量与地球动力学》2004,24(4):123-127

分析了在甚宽频带地震计的时域标定中存在的各种噪声，探讨了相应的处理方法，重点阐述了对阶跃标定影响最大的长周期漂移噪声的处理方法——漂移曲线拟合法。  相似文献   

Processing seismic ambient noise data to obtain reliable broad-band surface wave dispersion measurements   总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28  

G. D. Bensen  M. H. Ritzwoller  M. P. Barmin  A. L. Levshin  F. Lin  M. P. Moschetti  N. M. Shapiro  Y. Yang 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,169(3):1239-1260

Ambient noise tomography is a rapidly emerging field of seismological research. This paper presents the current status of ambient noise data processing as it has developed over the past several years and is intended to explain and justify this development through salient examples. The ambient noise data processing procedure divides into four principal phases: (1) single station data preparation, (2) cross-correlation and temporal stacking, (3) measurement of dispersion curves (performed with frequency–time analysis for both group and phase speeds) and (4) quality control, including error analysis and selection of the acceptable measurements. The procedures that are described herein have been designed not only to deliver reliable measurements, but to be flexible, applicable to a wide variety of observational settings, as well as being fully automated. For an automated data processing procedure, data quality control measures are particularly important to identify and reject bad measurements and compute quality assurance statistics for the accepted measurements. The principal metric on which to base a judgment of quality is stability, the robustness of the measurement to perturbations in the conditions under which it is obtained. Temporal repeatability, in particular, is a significant indicator of reliability and is elevated to a high position in our assessment, as we equate seasonal repeatability with measurement uncertainty. Proxy curves relating observed signal-to-noise ratios to average measurement uncertainties show promise to provide useful expected measurement error estimates in the absence of the long time-series needed for temporal subsetting.  相似文献   

自由观测条件下共中心点抽道集叠加方法的误差分析     

徐永清邱苏  胡旭芝陈迪 《中国煤田地质》2007,19(2):59-62

常规共中心点抽道集叠加方法是以水平观测面,水平反射界面、均匀介质为条件,当前提条件不能完全具备时,会带来两个方面的误差,其一是CMP道集整体离散误差,其二是CMP道集内部各道之间的离散误差.通过建立相应数学模型并进行运算分析,界定了误差（离散量）的大小范围及分布规律：离散量与观测面反射界面之间的夹角、观测面高程、反射界面倾角及同道集炮检距等相关,其变化值越大,离散距离越大;相反离散距离会随观测面与反射点空间距离的增大而变小;另外介质波速越小,其垂直离散距离越大;中心点自激自收其离散量为0.对于CMP道集中诸道△t0.离散量常存在大于目的层反射波T/4的现象;炮距越大、观测界面倾角越大、介质波速越小,其△t0离散值越大,其中△t0离散值与炮检距呈非线性关系;相反反射界面埋深越大,其△t0离散越小.根据离散量对资料影响程度的分析,指出了目前共中心点抽道集叠加方法存在着局限性.  相似文献   

四川杨柳坪低品位镍矿工艺矿物学特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

曾令熙  黄亚琴  张志成 《矿物岩石》2007,27(3):23-27

四川杨柳坪镍矿石属于低品位镍矿资源,其矿石中镍的品位为0.45%,主要以硫化物形式存在(磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿)。镍黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿中镍的占有率在90%以上。主要矿物的工艺嵌布粒度统计分析表明,在较细粒级0.040 mm以下粒级及0.020 mm以下级分别有10%~15%及3.5%~5.5%的含量分布,因此选矿分选过程中,将有部分嵌布粒度较细的硫化物矿物难于解离,由于硫化物的磨矿解离度不高,且主要的硫化物彼此间的连体较多,选矿采用以磁黄铁矿为主的硫化物集合体作为回收单位较为适宜。此外,研究区硫化物矿物的物性较脆,磨矿过程中应防止其过粉碎。  相似文献   

基于支持向量机的信号自动检测算法   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王海军  刘贵忠 《地震学报》2007,29(1):85-94

STA/LTA算法是信号自动检测中的经典算法. 这种算法中检测阈值的分布范围在0~infin;之间， 合适的检测阈值不但要根据实验反复调试， 而且要在误检率和漏检率之间取得平衡. 针对这一问题， 从模式识别的角度出发， 给出了一种基于支持向量机的信号检测算法. 讨论了该算法中数据预处理和模式特征提取的方法， 以及支持向量机中核函数的选择问题. 利用实际地震数据， 分析了这种算法的检测性能. 结果表明, 这种算法简化了检测阈值的选择. 在准确检测信号的同时，其误检率相对于STA/LTA算法可以降低约85％， 并且具有较强的抗噪性能.   相似文献   

主成分分析模型在数据处理中的应用     

顾绍红  王永生  王光霞 《测绘学院学报》2007,(5)

主成分分析模型是一种将原始多个指标转化为少数几个相互独立的包含原始指标绝大部分信息的综合指标的统计学方法。利用MATLAB软件探索了利用主成分分析模型对专题数据进行处理的方法,并利用科学可视化方法对处理结果进行分析评价。实验表明,主成分分析模型能够有效简化原始变量,挖掘原始数据中的隐藏信息。  相似文献   

“数字矿山”建设中的地学软件应用与地矿数据集成     

马小刚 《国土资源信息化》2007,(4):18-22

为了降低成本、提高效率,国内的许多矿山企业正在开展"数字矿山"工程建设。与一般的企业不同,矿山的信息化需要地学专业软件的支持。本文分析了国内外矿山企业信息化的发展趋势,并列举了国外主要的矿山地矿软件和国内近年来出现的矿山软件。同时指出为了实现地矿软件的高效运转,需要对矿山的基础数据进行规范化整理,建立矿山地矿数据集成平台。为了得到更好的效果,需要将数据集成管理和矿山地矿软件中的功能处理结合起来,充分发挥两者的优势,为提高"数字矿山"的运行效率服务。  相似文献