Using multi-temporal remote sensor imagery to detect earthquake-triggered landslides     

Xiaojun Yang  Liding Chen 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010

Landslides are a major type of geohazards claiming thousands of casualties and billions of dollars in property damages every year. Catastrophic landslide activities are often triggered by some extreme events such as earthquakes, excessive precipitations, or volcanic eruptions. Quickly identifying the spatial distribution of landslides induced by these extreme events is crucial for coordinating rescue efforts and planning in situ investigations. In this study, we propose an automated method for detecting the spatial distribution of earthquake-triggered landslides by examining after-event vegetation changes. Central to this method is the use of pre- and post-event remote sensor images covering the same area. Geometric correction and radiometric normalization are performed before deriving a vegetation index from each image. Then, an image differencing procedure is applied to the two derived indices. With the resultant difference image, an initial landslide distribution map is generated by highlighting the pixels with a threshold percentage decrease in the brightness values as a direct result of the image subtraction. The threshold percentage value is interactively determined by using a visual interpretation method. The final landslide distribution map is produced after using a modal filter to suppress boundary errors in the initial map. This method has been implemented in a test site, approximately 30 km from the epicenter of the Sichuan earthquake (7.9 Ms) that struck on 12 May 2008. A pre-event Thematic Mapper image and a post-event Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer scene are used. The thematic accuracy assessment indicates that 90% of the landslides have correctly been mapped. Given the relatively simple procedures and the good mapping accuracy, the image processing and change detection method identified in this study seems to be promising from an operational perspective.  相似文献   

MODIS辐照度法定标试验研究     

巩慧  田国良  余涛  张玉香  顾行发  高海亮 《遥感学报》2010,14(2):213-224

利用内蒙古二连浩特实验场对Terra卫星MODIS传感器开展辐照度基定标方法研究。定标结果表明,辐照度法定标系数和MODIS的星上定标、反射率基法定标系数非常接近,相对差异3.3%,证明辐照度基定标方法正确。定标系数之间的差异说明,漫射辐射与总辐射辐照度比测量的精度对辐照度法结果影响很关键。不同气溶胶模式下得到的结果说明辐照度法可以减小因气溶胶模式的假设产生的误差。  相似文献   

加入地物倾角分析的LiDAR回波强度校正     

伊丕源  满旺  童鹏  邱峻挺  赵英俊  张景发 《遥感学报》2016,20(4):610-619

LiDAR回波强度数据的校正处理可以提升其在地物分类识别方面的利用价值。本文研究发现倾斜地物(如三角形、拱形房顶等)的自身倾角会改变激光反射角进而影响回波强度,而现有归一化校正模型缺乏对地物倾角的计算分析。随后结合LiDAR数据的采集方式和特点,以及倾斜地物的结构特征,提出了一种加入地物倾角计算的改进型归一化校正算法。首先,对激光点的回波强度值进行基于传输距离值的初步校正;然后,以平面距离值、高程、回波强度值差异为参考,判定激光点是否属于同一倾斜地物,若满足条件,则计算出激光点的趋势角,并依据制定的判定规则确定趋势角的正负;最后,将趋势角计算结果与扫描角数值结合计算出对应的反射角,并重新对回波强度值进行计算校正。实验表明,蓝铁皮材质的三角形、拱形房顶的回波强度值范围和均方差缩小,且采集的8种地物样本的回波强度均值的差异性与激光反射率测量结果基本一致,说明该算法能够有效识别具有一定面积且材质均一的倾斜人工地物并计算修正其自身倾角对回波强度带来的影响,从而进一步提高基于回波强度值的地物可分性。  相似文献   

地质资料数据辅助信息符号库建设介绍     

王芳 《山东国土资源》2018,34(8)

由于地质资料数据量庞大,符号种类繁多,表达形式不同,影响了地质信息的展示效果和后期的服务共享。该文在GB/T958-2010《区域地质图图例》的基础上,结合国家正式发布的地质图图例标准,根据二级项目组的实际需求,对地质图图例符号进行了归并,图例符号代码由原来的10位编码改为6位编码,大大减少了数据库建设的冗余量;同时,制作了对应的点状、线状和面状符号,统一了ArcGIS平台下符号表达方式和显示的一致性,规范了子图、标注等符号的显示方式,优化了符号、图案与花纹的复杂程度,提高了在宏观视图中的显示效率,满足了地质资料数据信息化建设的需求。  相似文献   

基于样条函数的恒星光谱自动归一化方法     

罗锋  刘超  赵永恒 《天文研究与技术》2019,(3):300-311

恒星的观测谱一般由连续谱、谱线和噪声组成,其中连续谱是黑体辐射导致的辐射流量随波长变化的光滑连续光谱。光谱分类及恒星物理参数估计等研究依赖于连续谱及谱线信息的准确提取。因此光谱数据处理的工作主要是拟合连续谱,并通过对光谱进行归一化来提取谱线特征。连续谱拟合的方法主要有多项式拟合、中值滤波、小波滤波等。已有的方法在低信噪比、宇宙线信号干扰、存在发射线等情况下,有不同程度的局限性,体现在鲁棒性和准确度上。目前,针对郭守敬望远镜的10 7条光谱没有自动化方法应用到归一化上的问题,研究并开发一种适用于不同的温度、信噪比及波长覆盖范围,并能够自动化处理的恒星光谱归一化方法,显得十分迫切。在仔细分析不同类型光谱的基础上,提出了一种基于固定窗口划分的连续谱拟合方法。该方法对光谱中能够体现连续谱特征的数据点进行筛选提取,通过细微地控制样条函数平滑度产生更加准确的连续谱。使用郭守敬望远镜中不同光谱型、温度范围、波长覆盖范围的光谱进行实验,结果表明,该方法具有良好的精度和普适性。  相似文献   

两种多波束反向散射强度数据归一化方法的建立与分析     

杨彬  何林帮 《海洋学报》2018,40(7):143-149

多波束反向散射强度数据应用广泛,但由于受到角度响应的影响,导致生成的多波束声呐图像质量偏低,且现有角度响应改正方法在复杂海底底质环境下适应性较差。为此本文对散射强度进行分析,给出了两种多波束反向散射强度数据归一化方法,分别为基于高斯拟合以及角度响应的散射强度改正方法,前者主要是基于散射强度的变化规律进行改正,而后者则是基于声波的散射机理进行改正。实验结果表明两种方法较传统改正方法精度均有约30%的提升,并且角度响应方法较高斯拟合方法改正精度更高,但计算效率有所下降。以上实验验证了两种方法的有效性,实现了散射强度数据的归一化,提升了多波束声呐图像的质量。  相似文献   

The influence of lipid-extraction on the δ¹³C of mesopelagic and demersal fish in the South China Sea: modification and application of lipid normalization models     

Linyu Wang  Fuqiang Wang  Zuozhi Chen  Ying Wu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2023,42(1):35-43

Mesopelagic fish,the most important daily vertically migrating community in the oceans,are characterized by high lipid content which may obscure the interpretation of stable isotopes analysis.Demersal fish,which are important consumers in the food web dominated by mesopelagic fish,also have a high lipid content.Here we collected 127 fish samples from the South China Sea and evaluated the effect of lipid contents on δ¹³C of mesopelagic and demersal fish.In lipid-extracted mesopelagic f...  相似文献   

Collisional bending of the western Paleo‐Kuril Arc deduced from paleomagnetic analysis and U–Pb age determination     

Takahiro Katagiri  Hajime Naruse  Naoto Ishikawa  Takafumi Hirata 《Island Arc》2020,29(1)

The Paleo‐Kuril Arc in the eastern Hokkaido region of Japan, the westernmost part of the Kuril Arc in the northwestern Pacific region, shows a tectonic bent structure. This has been interpreted, using paleomagnetic data, to be the result of block rotations in the Paleo‐Kuril Arc. To understand the timing and origin of this tectonic bent structure in the Paleo‐Kuril arc‐trench system, paleomagnetic surveys and U–Pb radiometric dating were conducted in the Paleogene Urahoro Group, which is distributed in the Shiranuka‐hill region, eastern Hokkaido. The U–Pb radiometric dating indicated that the Urahoro Group was deposited at approximately 39 Ma. Paleomagnetic analysis of the Urahoro Group suggested that the Shiranuka‐hill region experienced a 28° clockwise rotation with respect to East Asia. The degree of clockwise rotation implied from the Urahoro Group is smaller than that of the underlying Lower Eocene Nemuro Group (62°) but larger than that of the overlying Onbetsu Group (?9°). It is thus suggested that the Shiranuka‐hill region experienced a clockwise rotation of approximately 34° between the deposition of the Nemuro and Urahoro Groups (50–39 Ma), and a 38° clockwise rotation between the deposition of the Urahoro and Onbetsu Groups (39–34 Ma). The origin of the curved tectonic belt of the Paleo‐Kuril Arc was previously explained by the opening of the Kuril Basin after 34 Ma. The age constraint for the rotational motion of the Shiranuka‐hill region in this study contradicts this hypothesis. Consequently, it is suggested that the process of arc–arc collision induced the bent structure of the western Paleo‐Kuril Arc.  相似文献   

中国资源卫星绝对辐射校正场   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王志民 《国土资源遥感》1999,10(3):40-46

概述了有关绝对辐射校正场的国内外发展状况,分析了我国敦煌及青海湖两个辐射校正场的地理、地物、气象、大气和环境等特征的优点和不足,并对今后在场地的运作中如何扬长避短提出了工作建议。  相似文献   

Decomposition of functions for elliptic orbits     

Carlos Osácar  Jesús Palacián 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1994,60(2):207-223

In the algebraA of functions periodic in the mean anomaly we relate the problem of integrating over the mean anomaly with that of decomposing an element ofA as the direct sum of two functions, one in the kernel of the Lie derivative in the Keplerian flow and one in the image of this Lie derivative. We propose recursive rules amenable to general purpose symbolic processors for accomplishing such decomposition in a wide subclass ofA. We introduce the dilogarithmic function to express in exact terms quadratures involving the equation of the center.  相似文献