Geochemical and C, O, Sr, and U-series isotopic evidence for the meteoric origin of calcrete at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA     

L. A. Neymark  J. B. Paces  B. D. Marshall  Z. E. Peterman  J. F. Whelan 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(4-5):450-465

Calcite-rich soils (calcrete) in alluvium and colluvium at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA, contain pedogenic calcite and opaline silica similar to soils present elsewhere in the semi-arid southwestern United States. Nevertheless, a ground-water discharge origin for the Solitario Wash soil deposits was proposed in a series of publications proposing elevation-dependent variations of carbon and oxygen isotopes in calcrete samples. Discharge of ground water in the past would raise the possibility of future flooding in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, site of a proposed high-level nuclear waste repository. New geochemical and carbon, oxygen, strontium, and uranium-series isotopic data disprove the presence of systematic elevation-isotopic composition relations, which are the main justification given for a proposed ground-water discharge origin of the calcrete deposits at Solitario Wash. Values of δ¹³C (−4.1 to −7.8 per mil [‰]), δ¹⁸O (23.8–17.2‰), ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.71270–0.71146), and initial ²³⁴U/²³⁸U activity ratios of about 1.6 in the new calcrete samples are within ranges previously observed in pedogenic carbonate deposits at Yucca Mountain and are incompatible with a ground-water origin for the calcrete. Variations in carbon and oxygen isotopes in Solitario Wash calcrete likely are caused by pedogenic deposition from meteoric water under varying Quaternary climatic conditions over hundreds of thousands of years.  相似文献   

综合地球物理方法在高放废物处置场址特性评价中的应用     

程纪星  伍岳  韩绍阳  姜义生  侯惠群 《铀矿地质》2002,18(3):174-179

本介绍了地球物理方法在我国高放废物处置库场址特性评价中的作用，即查明研究区内断裂的位置，宽度，倾向，倾角及其含水性和确定预选区内花岗岩底板的埋深，此项研究成果显示了该方法在我国干旱地区的深部地质环境及水资源分布研究中的有利应用前景。  相似文献   

面向共享的空间元数据管理框架研究与设计   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

王继周  李成名  林宗坚 《国土资源遥感》2003,14(3):67-70

在空间数据应用范围日益拓宽的同时,空间元数据的共享问题成为限制其发展的主要瓶颈之一。本文分析了目前我国空间元数据管理中存在的问题,列举了两种可行的空间元数据共享策略及相应的国际标准,探讨了面向共享的空间元数据的管理框架。  相似文献   

Global and local sensitivity analyses for coupled thermo–hydro–mechanical problems          下载免费PDF全文

Long Nguyen‐Tuan  Tom Lahmer  Maria Datcheva  Tom Schanz 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(5):707-720

This paper focuses on the sensitivity analysis for coupled thermo–hydro–mechanical problems employing both local and global sensitivity methods. A derivative‐based method is used in the local sensitivity approach, whereas the random balance designs method is used for the global sensitivity analysis. The main goal is to investigate the effect of uncertainties in the constitutive parameters on the results from nonlinear coupled thermo–hydro–mechanical analyses of unsaturated soil behavior whose modeling generally involves large sets of constitutive relations. Knowing the parameter sensitivity allows to qualitatively assess the validity of the results obtained by computational simulations of high‐risk situations, for example, emerging nuclear waste repositories. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于光谱知识库对高光谱影像目标快速识别方法     

于宏  黄树桃  刘京晶 《国外铀金地质》2011,(1):29-31,41

针对国内引进的机载高光谱成像仪（CASI/SASI）数据采集系统,介绍了利用先验知识建立的多种地物目标光谱库,以及高光谱影像目标快速识别的技术方法研究;同时还阐述了其数据处理流程、目标识别原理和应用开源代码编程实现过程,并对其结果与应用进行了简要的分析。  相似文献   

高放废物处置库芨芨槽预选场址深部地下水同位素研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

郭永海  王海龙  董建楠  苏锐  刘淑芬  周志超 《地质学报》2013,87(9):1477-1485

深地质处置是目前国际上普遍接受的高放废物安全处置方案.对于这种方案而言,安全处置高放废物的前提是选择适宜的场址,而场址的适宜性在很大程度上取决于其水文地质条件.高放废物处置库场址需要低渗透岩体作为处置库围岩,对于低渗透岩体而言,经典和传统的水文地质研究方法受到了很大的限制,而同位素技术与其他水文地质方法结合时,却能发挥出良好的作用.本文以目前我国高放废物处置库预选场址之一的芨芨槽场址为例,重点讨论了同位素方法在花岗岩体场址水文地质研究中的应用.根据钻孔不同深度的地下水环境同位素(δD、δ18O、3H和14C)组成特征,结合场址水文地质条件,识别了区内地下水的来源,揭示了控制地下水运移交替速率的主要因素.结果表明,该区深部地下水14C年龄高达8000 a左右,说明其交替、运移十分缓慢,但同时也含有少量的氚,说明地下水以侧向补给的“老水”为主,接受当地大气降水入渗补给的“新水”所占比例很小.此外,通过地下水14C年龄与取样段岩芯采取率的对比,认识到对于区内的花岗岩体而言,决定地下水交替、运移速率的主要因素是裂隙的发育程度,而不是深度.  相似文献   

高放废物处置库北山预选区岩体筛选定量研究     

钟霞  王驹  黄树桃  王树红 《铀矿地质》2012,28(3):187-192

以北山预选岩体的地学数据集成为基础、GIS技术为支撑,开展预选区众多岩体筛选特征分析,针对预选区岩体规模、形态与完整性开展定性及定量研究,为北山预选区岩体筛选和评价提供方法与依据。  相似文献   

阿拉善地区地壳稳定性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高洪雷  何建国  张松  孔维豪  田明明  黄贤芳 《国外铀金地质》2013,(4):237-244

阿拉善作为中国西部的一个刚性块体,岩石圈有效弹性厚度为40~50km,地壳稳定。新生代以来,由于受印度板块向欧亚板块俯冲的远程效应影响,阿拉善地块发生构造隆升,块体周缘造山带发生构造活动,但块体内部宗乃山一沙拉扎山地区新生代期间为准平原化地貌,新构造运动不发育。综合分析阿拉善地区地壳稳定性和岩体发育情况,笔者遴选出宗乃山～沙拉扎山侵入岩带作为高放废物处置库备选场址的重点工作区。  相似文献   

地震系统档案库房建设的思考     

朱少华 《国际地震动态》2012,(4):19-22

档案库房是收藏保管档案的专门用房,在档案的建设和发展中发挥了极其重要的作用。本文通过对目前地震系统档案库房实际情况的分析,提出了今后档案库房建设的发展方向。  相似文献   

Numerical modelling of in situ behaviour of the Callovo–Oxfordian argillite subjected to the thermal loading     

Y. Jia  H.B. Bian  G. Duveau  K. Su  J.F. Shao   《Engineering Geology》2009,109(3-4):262-272

To enhance the understanding of thermal impact on the in situ behaviour of the Callovo–Oxfordian argillite, this paper presents an interpretation of an in situ heating experiment carried out in the Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory (M/HM URL). The argillite was heated successively by two constant heating powers: 277 W and 925 W. When subjected to thermal loading, the argillite exhibits an important volume change and a strong pore pressure response that significantly affect its hydraulic and mechanical behaviour. Numerical analysis has been performed by using a coupled theoretical formulation that incorporates a constitutive model especially developed for this material. Based on Biot's theory, this model includes the influence of interstitial pressure on the mechanical behaviour. The simulation obtained reproduces satisfactorily the results of the in situ experiment and the main observed patterns of behaviour. The interpretation and discussion of numerical results provide additional data that can help us to understand the thermo-hydromechanical behaviour concepts of saturated argillite formation.  相似文献