汕头海域海底光缆路由条件及评价          下载免费PDF全文

张志强  刘强  贺惠忠  魏巍  于刚  蒋俊杰 《海洋测绘》2012,32(6):44-47

根据在东南亚至日本海底光缆汕头段（300m水深以浅）路由勘察中所获得的多波束、侧扫声纳、浅地层剖面、柱状取样等资料,结合勘察区的自然环境特征,对路由区的自然环境条件、海底工程地质条件进行了详细的分析,并对该段路由条件进行了综合评价。研究表明,此段路由在大陆架区域路由条件较好,适合海底光缆的铺设;在大陆架与大陆坡结合带路南条件相对较差,应做好应对措施。  相似文献   

A new approach to measurement of regional inequality in particular directions   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

Yang Wang  Chuanglin Fang  Chunliang Xiu  Daqian Liu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2012,22(6):705-717

Regional inequality is a core issue in geography,and it can be measured by several approaches and indexes.However,the global inequality measures can not reflect regional characteristics in terms of spatiality and non-mobility,as well as correctly explore regional inequality in particular directions.Although conventional between-group inequality indexes can measure the inequality in particular directions,they can not reflect the reversals of regional patterns and changes of within-group patterns.Therefore,we set forth a new approach to measure regional inequality in particular directions,which is applicable to geographic field.Based on grouping,we established a new index to measure regional inequality in particular directions named Particular Direction Inequality index(PDI index),which is comprised of between-group inequality of all data and between-group average gap.It can reflect regional spatiality and non-mobility,judge the main direction of regional inequality,and capture the changes and reversals of regional patterns.We used the PDI index to measure the changes of regional inequality from 1952 to 2009 in China.The results show that:1) the main direction of China’s regional inequality was between coastal areas and inland areas;the increasing extent of inequality between coastal areas and inland areas was higher than the global inequality;2) the PDI index can measure the between-region average gap,and is more sensitive to evolution of within-region patterns;3) the inequality between the northern China and the southern China has been decreasing from 1952 to 2009 and was reversed in 1994 and 1995.  相似文献   

现代战争特点及军事地质调查   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙兴丽  刘晓煌  鲁继元  毛景文  徐学义  关洪军  李保飞  刘玖芬  鲍宽乐  鲁世朋 《地质论评》2017,63(1):99-112

作为地质学研究对象的地形、地貌、工程地质和地质灾害在传统的接触式战争中发挥过重要的作用,创造了许多战争奇迹,但在以精确全球打击,前线与后方界线模糊、陆军作战作用弱化的现代战争,地质对战争是否还有影响?本文围绕这一问题,通过对战争阶段演化及地质应用历史分析,从现代战争特点和对军事地质需求分析人手,利用军事学思维,讨论了地质学的地质体力学性质、地球化学性质、地球物理性质和地质灾害等内容在现代战争中的作用,主要包括精确打击和重点防御目标的优选、打击地面工事的武器选配、目标侦测和靶区选择、海洋战争环境建设和战争评估、地面临时机动路线规划和工事选址等方面;探讨了军事地质调查的重点区域、方法手段、比例尺选择问题,以及在区域地质、工程地质、水文地质、灾害地质、地球物理调查基础上开展军事地质调查的工作流程及成果表达问题,分析了未来军事地质重点研究发展方向,为地质学在现代战争中的应用提供思路。  相似文献   

我国生态系统研究的发展趋势与优先领域   总被引：21，自引：3，他引：18  

傅伯杰 《地理研究》2010,29(3):383-396

进入21世纪以来,生态系统研究取得了重要进展,在国际上形成了一系列的研究热点,包括生物多样性与生态系统功能、生态系统管理、生态风险与生态安全、全球变化的生态响应与效应等,表现出向着机理深化、多尺度系统监测与模拟、社会经济自然综合评价与管理对策等多维方向发展的总体趋势。中国的资源环境问题已经成为经济社会发展所面临的重要挑战。为应对挑战,我国已经开展了大规模生态保护、生态恢复重建等方面的生态工程,从而对生态系统研究提出了一系列亟待解决的科学问题。在综合分析中国国情和国际学术研究前沿领域与发展趋势的基础上,本文提出了我国未来生态系统研究的优先领域和重点方向。  相似文献   

地缘政治理论演变与北极航线地缘政治理论假设   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李振福 《世界地理研究》2010,19(1):6-13

北极航线问题因为北冰洋的融化预期加快,而变得愈来愈重要。中国在这一问题上不能失去话语权,要争得北极航线问题国际机制上的主动权,需要对北极航线的地缘政治理论进行深入研究,为成功争取北极航线权益提供理论依据。对地缘政治理论,特别是国外的地缘政治理论进行了阶段划分和系统评价;分析了北极航线问题的特殊性,认为沿用已有的地缘政治理论,不能够清晰描述北极航线的政治地理格局,并且也对我国的北极航线权益争取不利;提出了北极航线地缘政治理论的假设前提,为建立我国的北极航线地缘政治理论体系奠定基础;最后提出了我国关于北极航线问题的四项地缘政治策略,为我国争取北极航线地缘政治地位提供思路和具体措施。  相似文献   

试论中国山区城镇化方向选择及对策   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邓伟  唐伟 《山地学报》2013,31(2)

针对2012年中央经济工作会议上提出城镇化是我国现代化建设的历史任务,对中国山区城镇化现状、存在的问题进行分析,认为山区城镇化水平低且多呈无序状态,资源开发对山区城镇化的驱动作用较为明显,旅游业的发展则是山区城镇化的新动力.同时还从山区的边缘性、生态环境的脆弱性、经济结构的单一性、城镇空间组织的离散性及文化保护的重要性分析了山区城镇化的特殊性,初步提出“科学统筹、规划先行、中小城市为主、规模适度、高标准、集约化、特色化、功能化、可持续化”的山区城镇化发展的方向及相应的对策.  相似文献   

Mapping transit‐based access: integrating GIS,routes and schedules     

T. L. Lei 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(2):283-304

Seabed sediment textural parameters such as mud, sand and gravel content can be useful surrogates for predicting patterns of benthic biodiversity. Multibeam sonar mapping can provide near-complete spatial coverage of high-resolution bathymetry and backscatter data that are useful in predicting sediment parameters. Multibeam acoustic data collected across a ～1000 km² area of the Carnarvon Shelf, Western Australia, were used in a predictive modelling approach to map eight seabed sediment parameters. Four machine learning models were used for the predictive modelling: boosted decision tree, random forest decision tree, support vector machine and generalised regression neural network. The results indicate overall satisfactory statistical performance, especially for %Mud, %Sand, Sorting, Skewness and Mean Grain Size. The study also demonstrates that predictive modelling using the combination of machine learning models has provided the ability to generate prediction uncertainty maps. However, the single models were shown to have overall better prediction performance than the combined models. Another important finding was that choosing an appropriate set of explanatory variables, through a manual feature selection process, was a critical step for optimising model performance. In addition, machine learning models were able to identify important explanatory variables, which are useful in identifying underlying environmental processes and checking predictions against the existing knowledge of the study area. The sediment prediction maps obtained in this study provide reliable coverage of key physical variables that will be incorporated into the analysis of covariance of physical and biological data for this area.  相似文献   

Cardinal directions: a comparison of direction relation matrix and objects interaction matrix     

Sanjiang Li  Weiming Liu 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(2):194-216

How to express and reason with cardinal directions between extended objects such as lines and regions is an important problem in qualitative spatial reasoning (QSR), a common subfield of geographical information science and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The direction relation matrix (DRM) model, proposed by Goyal and Egenhofer in 1997, is one very expressive relation model for this purpose. Unlike many other relation models in QSR, the set-theoretic converse of a DRM relation is not necessarily representable in DRM. Schneider et al. regard this as a serious shortcoming and propose, in their work published in ACM TODS (2012), the objects interaction matrix (OIM) model for modelling cardinal directions between complex regions. OIM is also a tiling-based model that consists of two phases: the tiling phase and the interpretation phase. Although it was claimed that OIM is a novel concept, we show that it is not so different from DRM if we represent the cardinal direction of two regions a and b by both the DRM of a to b and that of b to a. Under this natural assumption, we give methods for computing DRMs from OIMs and vice versa, and show that OIM is almost the same as DRM in the tiling phase, and becomes less precise after interpretation. Furthermore, exploiting the similarity between the two models, we prove that the consistency of a complete basic OIM network can be decided in cubic time. This answers an open problem raised by Schneider et al. regarding efficient algorithms for reasoning with OIM.  相似文献   

Route planning and cost analysis for travelling through the Arctic Northeast Passage using public 3D GIS     

K.Y. Chang  S.S. He  C.C. Chou  S.L. Kao  A.S. Chiou 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(8):1375-1393

To plan undeveloped optimal routes between Asia and Europe via the Arctic Northeast Passages using a 3D geographic information system (GIS), voyage paths are simulated in a 3D visual form. This ensures that the distances are calculated accurately, and that other voyage data such as water depths, sea ice distribution, and seashore topology are also easily deciphered, giving a more direct and clear demonstration compared to simplified presentations on an Electronic Chart Display & Information System (ECDIS). This article also implements a higher-geometry maze router in ice zone areas to obtain the optimal path in relation to safety and costs. This article compares the optimal Arctic Northeast Passages with traditional routes through the Suez Canal for dynamic analyses of the cost efficiency (including time costs, fuel costs, and other factors) of travel between major ports in Asia and Europe. The average benefit assessment is around 30–45% in a bulk carrier comparison. Thus, a 3D GIS can easily obtain and demonstrate safe navigation routes, providing a very convenient tool for initial planning.  相似文献   

PATHCLUST在聚落遗址空间模式研究中的应用     

张开广  亢金轩  孟红玲  巴明廷 《测绘科学》2013,38(4):160-161,169

本文主要讨论PATHCLUST算法的原理和方法,给出了聚类分析选择最优算法应注意的问题;以郑州地区仰韶文化聚落遗址空间模式研究为例,讨论了PATHCLUST算法在聚落遗址空间模式研究中的应用。结果表明,此算法可有效揭示聚落遗址的空间分布结构规律。  相似文献