Raw mix designing, clinkerization and manufacturing of high-strength Portland cement from the limestone and clay of Darukhula Nizampur, Nowshera District, North-West Frontier Province （N.W.F.P.）, Pakistan     

Noor-ul-Amin  Tahir Shah  Khurshid Ali 《中国地球化学学报》2009,28(3):279-283

This paper covers the detailed version of the potential raw material deposits at Darukhula and the adjacent areas of Nizampur, the manufacturing of high-strength Portland cement samples from the same material and comparison of the physical and chemical parameters for resulting cement with British and Pakistan standard specifications, which include compressive strength, setting time, consistency, lechatelier expansion, Blaine and insoluble residue. It was found that the raw material available in the study area meets the standard specifications and the area is feasible for the cement plant installation. The area can provide raw material which is quite sufficient for the running of a cement plant.  相似文献   

Flow patterns, sedimentation and deposit architecture under a hydraulic jump on a non-eroding bed: defining hydraulic-jump unit bars     

ROBERT G. MACDONALD  JAN ALEXANDER  JOHN C. BACON  MARK J. COOKER† 《Sedimentology》2009,56(5):1346-1367

This paper presents results from two flume runs of an ongoing series examining flow structure, sediment transport and deposition in hydraulic jumps. It concludes in the presentation of a model for the development of sedimentary architecture, considered characteristic of a hydraulic jump over a non-eroding bed. In Run 1, a hydraulic jump was formed in sediment-free water over the solid plane sloping flume floor. Ultrasonic Doppler velocity profilers recorded the flow structure within the hydraulic jump in fine detail. Run 2 had identical initial flow conditions and a near-steady addition of sand, which formed beds with two distinct characteristics: a laterally extensive, basal, wedge-shaped massive sand bed overlain by cross-laminated sand beds. Each cross-laminated bed recorded the initiation and growth of a single surface feature, here defined as a hydraulic-jump unit bar . A small massive sand mound formed on the flume floor and grew upstream and downstream without migrating to form a unit bar. In the upstream portion of the unit bar, sand finer than the bulk load formed a set of laminae dipping upstream. This set passed downstream through the small volume of massive sand into a foreset, which was initially relatively coarse-grained and became finer-grained downstream. This downstream-fining coincided with cessation of the growth of the upstream-dipping cross-set. At intervals, a new bed feature developed above and upstream of the preceding hydraulic-jump unit bar and grew in the same way, with the foreset climbing the older unit bar. The composite architecture of the superimposed unit bars formed a fanning, climbing coset above the massive wedge, defined as one unit: a hydraulic-jump bar complex .  相似文献   

试论贺兰山植物多样性的若干特点   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

郑敬刚  张景光 《干旱区地理》2005,28(4):526-530

通过实地考察,对贺兰山植物多样性特点进行了系统研究。研究结果表明,贺兰山植物多样性主要表现为植物种类丰富多样、区系地理成分复杂多样、山地植被垂直带类型多样和形态、生理生态适应性多样等一系列鲜明特点：根据中国植被分类标准,山体植被带分为山麓荒漠草原带、旱生乔灌木带、油松山杨林带和高山灌丛带：不同植被带由不同的植被类型组成;植被类型除了受海拔梯度影响外,水分条件也成为影响植被坡向分异的关键因子,从山麓到山顶,阴坡的植被类型依次为荒漠、荒漠草原、典型草原、疏林灌丛、亚高山灌丛、高山灌丛草甸,而阳坡的植被类型依次为灌丛、湿性针叶林、寒温性针叶林、亚高山针叶林和高山灌丛草甸。该研究对于了解中国干旱区草原和荒漠过渡区的山地植被空间分布特征具有重大意义。  相似文献   

祁连山冰川水的生物学效应实验研究     

刘光琇  潘有福  陆卫 《冰川冻土》2004,26(6):784-787

比较了蒸馏水、自来水和祁连山"七一"冰川的冰川水的pH值、电导率. 冰川水的电导率为 2.31×10-2s·m-1, 为自来水的1/2, 与其 pH值一样, 介于蒸馏水和自来水之间. 测定了冰川水的主要矿质元素含量, 结果表明, 冰川水具有很低的Na 含量及较低的矿化度(101.50 mg·L-1). 通过种子萌发实验、植物组织培养的脱分化和再分化过程的比较研究, 揭示冰川水的水质纯净, 完全可以满足植物组织培养的要求, 是地球上非常宝贵的优质水资源.  相似文献   

Continental climate in the East Siberian Arctic during the last interglacial: Implications from palaeobotanical records   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Frank Kienast  Pavel Tarasov  Lutz Schirrmeister  Guido Grosse  Andrei A. Andreev   《Global and Planetary Change》2008,60(3-4):535-562

To evaluate the consequences of possible future climate changes and to identify the main climate drivers in high latitudes, the vegetation and climate in the East Siberian Arctic during the last interglacial are reconstructed and compared with Holocene conditions. Plant macrofossils from permafrost deposits on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island, New Siberian Archipelago, in the Russian Arctic revealed the existence of a shrubland dominated by Duschekia fruticosa, Betula nana and Ledum palustre and interspersed with lakes and grasslands during the last interglacial. The reconstructed vegetation differs fundamentally from the high arctic tundra that exists in this region today, but resembles an open variant of subarctic shrub tundra as occurring near the tree line about 350 km southwest of the study site. Such difference in the plant cover implies that, during the last interglacial, the mean summer temperature was considerably higher, the growing season was longer, and soils outside the range of thermokarst depressions were drier than today. Our pollen-based climatic reconstruction suggests a mean temperature of the warmest month (MTWA) range of 9–14.5 °C during the warmest interval of the last interglacial. The reconstruction from plant macrofossils, representing more local environments, reached MTWA values above 12.5 °C in contrast to today's 2.8 °C. We explain this contrast in summer temperature and soil moisture with a combination of summer insolation higher than present and climatic continentality in arctic Yakutia stronger than present as result of a considerably less inundated Laptev Shelf during the last interglacial.  相似文献   

陕甘宁盆地西峰油田主要产层储油砂体沉积微相组合及特征   总被引：21，自引：3，他引：18  

刘自亮  王多云  王峰  李树同  王志坤  秦红 《沉积学报》2005,23(2):248-254

以鄂尔多斯盆地西峰地区晚三叠世延长组为例,对辫状河三角洲前缘沉积体系中以水下分流河道和河口坝两种储油微相为主导的多种微相组合进行研究,提出将其划分为“水下分流河道区”、“水下分流河道与河口坝混合区”、“河口坝区”和“河口坝与滑塌体混合区”四段微相组合区。文中对辫状河三角洲前缘中的沉积微相进行了详细刻画,例如,将水下分流河道划分为箱形叠加式、箱-钟形叠加式和钟形叠加式3种;将水下分流河道与河口坝组合划分为“河上坝”和“坝上河”两大类,及其以河为主的“坝上河”、以坝为主的“坝上河”、连续式“河上坝”和叠加式“河上坝”等4种亚类;将河口坝组合划分为迁移河口坝和叠加河口坝;将河口坝与滑塌体组合划分为坝顶滑塌和坝底滑塌,并讨论了各微相组合的形成机制。  相似文献   

钢厂周边污染土壤的电性与磁性特征及其环境意义     

李永涛  郭高山  顾延生  韦林  何思远 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2017,(5):1543-1551

利用直流电测深、环境磁学以及矿物学方法,开展对一钢铁厂周边土壤的污染评价研究,获得了土壤垂向电阻率与磁化率分布特征。研究表明,随着污染土剖面的深度由底部至地表,土壤电阻率逐渐减小,磁化率和重金属含量反而增高;该变化特征反映了土壤受污染的程度与钢铁公司历年粗钢产量及武汉市历年汽车保有量的变化程度相对应。通过对污染样品的磁滞回线、热磁曲线和SEM/EDX等矿物学分析,污染样品的矿物成分以磁铁矿和赤铁矿为主,以准单畴(PSD)颗粒存在,形貌特征和物质成分与成土过程中形成的磁性颗粒明显不同。由于土壤的电性与磁性都具有良好的污染程度指示作用,所以土壤的电性与磁性研究可以应用于土壤污染程度的评价,两者联合运用可大大提高土壤污染程度评价的分辨率。  相似文献   

气相色谱-质谱法分析某阻燃剂生产厂周边淡水鱼中的多溴联苯醚及其累积特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

徐洁  鲜啟鸣 《岩矿测试》2017,36(4):405-412

近年来多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的研究集中在电子行业发达地区、电子废物处置区、塑料制品生产区等重点污染区域。对阻燃剂生产厂周边PBDEs的研究有助于更好地理解PBDEs的累积特征和环境过程。本文选择江苏某PBDEs生产厂周边的淡水河流,采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析该河流5种淡水鱼中13种PBDEs同族体的浓度。结果显示,淡水鱼样品肌肉、肝脏和鱼卵组织中∑_(13)PBDEs(BDE17、28、71、47、66、100、99、85、154、153、138、183、190)的浓度平均值分别为34.5 ng/g.lip、41.5 ng/g.lip和18.2 ng/g.lip。研究水域不同种类淡水鱼的食性、习性和代谢能力等是影响鱼体中PBDEs浓度的主要因素。鱼体中BDE47是主要的同族体,但是与大多数已报道的研究数据相比,鱼体中含有的六溴(BDE153、154)和七溴同族体(BDE183)比例较高,这与河流附近工厂生产八溴联苯醚工业品(以六溴、七溴和八溴同族体为主)相符。工厂生产的八溴联苯醚工业品以及河流上游径流带来的其他区域生产和使用的多溴联苯醚工业品释放到环境中,被河流中的淡水鱼类选择性地积累和代谢,形成了本研究区淡水鱼体中PBDEs特殊的同族体分布。  相似文献   

允饲植物源复方制剂对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)组织形态和生长性能的作用研究     

黄锦炉  李爱华  钱雪桥  谭晓晨  王正凯 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(4):814-821

为了进一步评估由白芍(Radix paeoniae Alba)、杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides)和知母(Rhizoma anemarrhenae)组成且具有免疫增强作用的复方制剂A、B、C对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)组织形态和生长性能方面可能存在的风险,本试验将二龄草鱼随机分成12个试验组和2个对照组,分别连续投喂含有不同复方制剂的饲料和空白饲料,在试验第7、14、21、28天分别随机从对应试验组中采集5尾草鱼肝胰脏、脾脏、肾脏和肠道进行切片制作和组织形态分析;在试验第0、29天分别随机从对应试验组中采集10尾草鱼进行肥满度、增重率、特定生长率、脏体比和肠道承重力测定。结果表明,分别以2%、4%剂量添加于草鱼饲料中的复方制剂A、B、C对试验草鱼阶段增重率、特定生长率、饵料系数、肝胰体比、肾体比和肠道承重力系列指标均无异常影响。组织形态分析方面,复方制剂A对草鱼肝胰脏、脾脏、肾脏和肠道具有良好的安全性,而复方制剂B、C经连续投喂21天起,对应剂量组草鱼肝胰脏、肾脏逐渐呈现不同程度的组织病变。本文得出结论认为,即使完全符合允饲要求的天然植物品种,缺乏基于较全面的评价维度试验证明其具有使用安全性,则容易仅关注允饲天然植物在效果表达的表象,而忽略其诱发的组织病变造成组织器官的功能衰退。  相似文献   

多个淹没水平圆柱诱发高阶谐波特性的数值与试验研究     

李庆昕  宁德志  滕斌 《海洋学报》2017,39(1):96-103

基于势流理论采用时域高阶边界元方法建立了模拟非线性波浪与淹没水平双、三圆柱作用的数值水槽模型,其中采用混合欧拉-拉格朗日方法更新自由水面,四阶Runga-Kutta方法进行时间步进。利用两点法分离得到潜体下游高阶自由波,进而研究潜体间距、布置形式等对高倍频自由波的影响。同时在物理水槽内开展多潜体高阶谐波物理模型试验,并将试验结果与数值结果进行对比,吻合较好。研究发现:淹没双圆柱下游高阶谐波幅值随潜体间距呈现周期性振荡变化,其振荡的重现距离约为波长一半。而淹没三圆柱下游的高阶谐波随第一个间距呈周期性振荡变化,随第二个间距的增大而减小。  相似文献