Kinetics of bubble collision and attachment to hydrophobic solids: I. Effect of surface roughness     

M. Krasowska  K. Malysa 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2007

Influence of surface roughness of the Teflon plates on kinetics of the bubble attachment was studied. Phenomena occurring during collisions of the air bubble, rising in clean water, with Teflon plates, differing only in their surface roughness, were recorded and analysed using a high-speed camera. Variations of the local velocity of the bubble during the collisions and the time of the bubble attachment were determined. It was found that the Teflon surface roughness was the parameter of a crucial importance for the attachment time of the colliding bubble. Depending on degree of the surface roughness the time of the attachment varied by over order of magnitude (from 3 to over 80 ms). In the case the Teflon surfaces having roughness below 1 μm there were recorded four to five “approach–bounce” cycles prior to the bubble attachment. Moreover, after the first collision the rapid pulsations of the bubble shape (within fraction of millisecond) were recorded. For surfaces of roughness ca. 50 μm and larger the attachment always occurred during the first collision—there was no bouncing observed and the time of the attachment was below 3 ms. It was documented that presence of a micro-bubble at the surface facilitated attachment of the colliding bubble.  相似文献   

利用三维GPR探测北极夏季海冰厚度及下表面形态特征分析     

王帮兵  孙波  田钢  郭井学  汪大立 《物探与化探》2007,31(3):189-192,283,284

海冰在全球气候系统中扮演着重要角色。在中国第二次北极科学考察中，使用3D雷达探测结合冰钻进行海冰测量。雷达剖面上可清楚识别冰-水界面，与冰钻测量结果较好地吻合。雷达3D图像清晰显示了冰底界面在3D方向的起伏变化以及冰内构造的空间展布情况。对三维探测区域内海冰厚度统计显示，所测冰盘的平均厚度为4．15m，较厚的区域位于左下角，最大厚度约为6．4m，较薄的区域是在中央和左上角区域，最小的厚度小于3．0m。经过进一步计算可提供如海冰上下表面面积、海冰体积等参数，为遥感和数值模拟提供地面校核数据，也为海冰形成机制和动力作用过程研究提供佐证和依据。  相似文献   

三维嵌套技术在有限区域模式长时间积分中的初步应用          下载免费PDF全文

王晓峰李永平  马晓星张瑞怡 《应用气象学报》2007,18(1):124-128

在复杂地形条件嵌套细网格模式基础上, 利用球圈模式与有限区域模式自嵌套, 就三维嵌套方法在长时间积分中的模拟结果进行了初步分析。结果表明:三维嵌套对垂直层次选取较敏感; 在长时间积分中模式运行稳定, 积分时间越长, 其优势越明显。这为有限区气候模式侧边界方案提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

内马铁路一期工程局部不规则二维场地地震反应分析     

王笃国  贾其军  尤红兵  翟奋楼  薛齐齐  喻烟 《震灾防御技术》2020,15(4):708-717

基于内马铁路一期工程地质资料，利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立某局部不规则二维场地有限元计算模型，利用Python语言进行二次开发，编制二维等效线性化计算程序。开展50年超越概率63%、10%和2%水准下的土层地震反应分析计算，对不规则地形不同位置处的地震动峰值加速度和频谱特性进行对比分析。研究结果表明，不规则地形对地震动特性的影响显著。本文研究结果对内马铁路一期工程地震动参数确定具有指导意义，同时可为跨越不规则地形工程结构抗震设计提供参考。  相似文献   

基于三旋转自由度激光经纬仪的结构光工程测量原理与应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

冯文灏  李欣 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1998,(4)

围绕具有三旋转自由度的激光经纬仪,阐述它在封闭构筑物测量中应用的优越性,提出结构光工程测量中各种扫描关系式的解算式,并用实例证明所述理论的正确性与高效率。  相似文献   

找出最主要的控矿因素,建立三因控矿分析思路   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

高浩中  蔡新平 《地质与勘探》1998,34(5):1-2

通过几个已知金矿区的研究,认为到不同矿区有不同的控矿因素,首先找出最主要的控矿因素,再配合两个深层相关因素,进行矿体定位。  相似文献   

The action of chlorine on the ozone layer as given by a zonally averaged two-dimensional model     

G. Brasseur  M. Bertin 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(3):436-447

In order to study the behavior of stratospheric minor constituents related to aeronomic processes and atmospheric transport in the meridional plane, a numerical two-dimensional model is established.This model is applied to the study of chlorine compounds in the stratosphere. A special attention is devoted to the effect in the ozonosphere of an increase of CIX due to anthropogenic activities.  相似文献   

青藏高原东北缘断层活动变形的模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

张永志  王卫东 《大地测量与地球动力学》2004,24(1):63-67

分析和讨论了位错理论模型的发展历史和应用领域，采用走滑和倾滑位错理论模型对青藏高原东北缘的多组断层活动产生的三维形变场进行了数值模拟研究，并将数值模拟结果与该地区1999～2001年间的GPS观测结果进行了对比分析。得出了甘青块体顺时针转动等一些较重要的结论和认识。  相似文献   

The effects of rock fragments on hydrologic and hydraulic responses along a slope     

Kou‐Chan Hung  Ken'ichirou Kosugi  Tim Hau Lee  Takahisa Misuyama 《水文研究》2007,21(10):1354-1362

A model describing the three‐dimensional matrix flow along a slope with rock fragments or impermeable blocks was developed. The model was combined with modified Picard's iteration to ensure mass conservation in the unsaturated flow. We found that rock fragments obstruct water flow along the slope. The groundwater table must be raised to provide a sufficient pore water pressure gradient to facilitate water flow, but higher pore water pressure may induce slope failure. We also conducted a bench‐scale laboratory flume experiment to examine the effects of impermeable blocks on downstream seepage flow. In addition, a numerical experiment was conducted to examine how different arrangements of impermeable blocks affect downstream seepage flow and pore water pressure. This research demonstrated that the hydraulic phenomena were affected when impermeable blocks were present, and pore water pressure increased as the position of impermeable blocks was lowered. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Two‐dimensional physically based finite element runoff model for small agricultural watersheds: I. Model development     

Anil Bhardwaj  M. P. Kaushal 《水文研究》2009,23(3):397-407

Soil erosion by water is the root cause of ecological degradation in the Shiwalik foothills of Northern India. Simulation of runoff and its component processes is a pre‐requisite to develop the management strategies to tackle the problem, successfully. A two‐dimensional physically based distributed numerical model, ROMO2D has been developed to simulate runoff from small agricultural watersheds on an event basis. The model employs the 2‐D Richards equation with sink term to simulate infiltration and soil moisture dynamics in the vadoze zone under variable rainfall conditions, and 2‐D Saint‐Venant equations under the kinematic wave approximation along with Manning's equation as the stage‐discharge equation for runoff routing. The various flow‐governing equations have been solved numerically by employing a Galerkin finite element method for spatial discretization using quadrilateral elements and finite difference techniques for temporal solutions. The ROMO2D computer program has been developed as a class‐based program, coded in C + + in such a way that with minor modifications, the model can be used to simulate runoff on a continuous basis. The model writes output for a runoff hydrograph of each storm. Model development is described in this paper and the results of model testing and field application are to be presented in a subsequent paper. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献