Evidence of late oligocene/early miocene backthrusting in the central alpine “root zone”     

Peter Heitzmann 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(3):183-192

Abstract

Two groups of stretching lineations can be distinguished in the Central Alpine " root zone " between Ticino and Mera :

1) Steeply plunging lineations formed during retrograde metamor-Phism under amphibolite/greenschist facies conditions indicate an uplift movement of the Central Alps. The lineations can be related to an important back-thrusting event of late Oligocene/early Miocene age.

2) Gently plunging lineations formed under lower greenschist facies conditions display a pattern typical of a dextral strike-slip system. These lineations are of early Miocene age.

This cpmbined movement, achieved by ductile deformation along the lnsubric line was followed by a stage of brittle deformation in a dextral strike-slip system (= Tonale line).

The signification of this interpretation is shown in a new crustal cross section through the Central Alpine/Southern Alpine border zone in the Iicino area.  相似文献   

初夏西太平洋副高南北位置长期变化的成因及预报   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3  

赵振国  陈国珍 《热带气象学报》1995,(3)

利用月平均高度场和海温场资料，通过统计相关分析，探讨了初夏西太平洋副热带高压南北位置长期变化的规律及其成因，结果表明，初夏副高南北位置存在着１１年左右和３－５年的准周期振荡，这种周期变化分别与太阳活动、海洋下垫面和对流层上部位势高度场类似的周期振荡相吻合。太阳黑子高值年、赤道东太平洋暖水期、热带中东太平洋对流层上部位势高度偏高阶段，初夏西太平洋副高位置偏南，反之偏北。最后建立了６月份副高脊线的预报方法。  相似文献   

两次区域性暴雨过程副高三维结构对比分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

金荣花  蒙嘉川  裴海瑛 《气象》2007,33(4):40-46

为探讨夏季不同大气环流背景下区域性暴雨过程副高结构特征及其对降水的贡献，利用2005年6-7月降水量和NCEP／NCAR逐日再分析等资料，采用特征指数分析和物理量诊断方法，对比分析了2005年夏季两次区域性暴雨的副高三维结构特征。结果发现，夏季不同的大气环流背景下，两次区域性暴雨过程副高结构性质分别表现为热力性高压脊和动力性高压脊特征，从而导致两次暴雨过程的水汽供应条件和产生强烈上升运动的大尺度背景场存在差异。  相似文献   

强夯加固近期粗粒填土塌陷特征的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林世文  包俊超等 《地质与勘探》2001,37(6):91-93

强夯加固近期粗粒填土时,夯点部位的土体明显产生了漏斗式塌陷,并且有数条环状和根状裂隙。针对这种特殊的地质特征,说明了由大孔隙到小孔隙,填土要经过瞬间的3个变化过程,而且在有效加固深度内土体呈“逆向转换”规律,同时分析了为什么夯点土体在成分均一的条件下,不同部位承载力悬殊这一关键性问题,对夯点间距的设计提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

天山乌鲁木齐河流域山区降水δ18O和δD 特征及水汽来源分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯芳  李忠勤  金爽  冯起  刘蔚 《水科学进展》2013,24(5):634-641

依据乌鲁木齐河流域山区3个站点实测次降水δ18O和δD数据以及气象观测资料,结合临近GNIP(Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation)站点数据,对其降水δ18O和δD特征及水汽来源进行了分析。结果表明,大气降水中δ18O值波动范围大,但呈现明显的季节性变化:冬季降水δ18O较低,夏季降水δ18O较高。受流域山区气候和地理条件影响,从上游到下游各站点大气降水线截距和斜率均呈现逐渐减小趋势。大气降水中δ18O和δD与日均气温存在密切正相关关系,且温度与δ18O之间的相关性优于δD。降水中d-excess值也表现出季节性变化,冬季降水d-excess值高于夏季降水。利用HYSPLIT 4.0气团轨迹模型,得出夏季水汽主要来源西风环流输送,冬季受西风环流和极地气团共同影响。  相似文献   

南极冰盖接地线研究综述          下载免费PDF全文

常沛周春霞  雷皓博 《极地研究》2017,29(3):305-313

接地线是内陆固定冰盖和漂浮冰架的分界线,其位置的准确界定直接影响到南极冰盖物质平衡的计算。随着技术的发展,接地线的提取手段已经逐步从小范围的实地无线电回波测厚和GPS探测,发展到大范围的遥感观测。遥感观测主要包括4种技术手段,即流体静力学平衡、坡度分析、重复轨道分析以及差分干涉测量。以遥感观测为基础,国际上已发布5种全南极接地线产品,包括MOA、ASAID、ICESat、MEaSUREs以及Synthesized接地线产品。随着卫星数据源的丰富,改进接地线提取方法并高精度提取接地线,扩大接地线研究的时间尺度并对全南极进行长时序的接地线动态变化监测,结合冰架底部消融、冰底地形和海洋温度等参数,深入分析其变化原因和机制以及接地线变化与气候变化相互关系的建模等,将会成为南极接地线研究的新热点。  相似文献   

绿洲荒漠过渡带生态环境变化预警线提取与分析研究以新疆和田绿洲为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李谢辉  塔西甫拉提·特依拜 《中国沙漠》2008,28(1):77-82

运用MODIS时间序列数据,以干旱区和田绿洲为例,在对2002年、2004年SMVC-NDVI（Seasonal Maximum Value Composite NDVI）图进行分类后,通过对土地覆盖变化类型多度、重要度和评价等级的计算,将干旱区绿洲的生态环境强烈变化区定位于低草和中草的界限,并以此提取了过渡带生态环境变化的预警线。结果表明：从2002—2004年,预警线呈现整体缩小趋势,说明绿洲整体的生态环境在这3 a内有所退化,向恶性发展。通过对以气候因子为主的自然和人类活动因素定量分析后,认为预警线对干旱区荒漠绿洲脆弱生态环境的连续实时监测和可持续性发展研究具有很好的指示作用。  相似文献   

The processes and characteristics of mass balance on the Urumqi Glacier No. 1 during 1958–2009     

WenBin Wang  ZhongQin Li  GuoFei Zhang  XuLiang Li 《寒旱区科学》2012,4(6):0505-0513

As a solid reservoir, a glacier can regulate regional water resources. The annual net mass balance directly reflects the fluctuation of the glacier and climate variability. Based on 51 years of mass balance observation data, the mass balance of Tianshan Mountains Urumqi Glacier No. 1 experienced a nine times positive balance fluctuation and nine times negative balance fluctuation. There were 35 and 16 negative and positive balance years, respectively. From 1996/97 to 2008/09, 12 consecutive negative balance years were observed at Tianshan Mountains Urumqi Glacier No. 1. These results demonstrate that the Urumqi Glacier No. 1 is experiencing a strong negative balance, and the strongest negative balance, -931 mm w.e. (mm water equivalent), during the observation period occurred in 2008. In addition, the cumulative mass balance reached 13,709 mm w.e. in 2008. However, in 2009, the mass balance was positive at 63 mm w.e. The equilibrium-line altitude changes with the fluctuation in the mass balance, and the effective mass balance gradient is 7.4 mm/m. In this paper, the headwaters of the Urumqi River were analyzed using meteorological data from 1958 to 2009, including the average seasonal temperature and precipitation. The results showed that the main factor associated with the mass balance variation of Glacier No. 1 is the fluctuation in the summer air temperature, followed by changes in the precipitation.  相似文献   

非均匀套管井中的过套管电阻率测井响应   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

高杰  刘福平  包德洲  程希  杨长春 《地球物理学报》2008,51(4):1255-1261

套管井壁的电势分布包含了金属套管和地层模型的信息,套管电阻率的变化对过套管电阻率测井有重要影响,本文考虑了套管电阻率的变化对传输线方程系数的影响,给出了非均匀套管壁电势分布的计算方法．利用套管井壁电势分布实现了非均匀套管测井响应的计算,考察了套管电阻率变化对过套管电阻率测井响应的影响,模拟结果表明,套管的变薄或变厚对测井响应均有一定影响,当套管电阻突然变小（套管变厚）或突然变大（套管变薄）时过套管电阻率测井异常发生在套管电阻突变界面附近．模拟结果还显示电极距对测井结果有明显影响．  相似文献   

Characteristics of water isotopes and hydrograph separation during the wet season in the Heishui River, China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Yuhong Liu  Ningjiang Fan  Shuqing An  Xiaohua Bai  Fude Liu  Zhen Xu  Zhongsheng Wang  Shirong Liu 《Journal of Hydrology》2008,353(3-4):314-321

Runoff generation and dynamics is an important issue in watershed and water resource management, but the mechanism in large scale is unclear and site-dependent. For this reason, spatial variations of δD and δ¹⁸O of river water and their sources within large-area of the Heishui Valley of the upper Yangtze River in western China were investigated during the wet season. A total 117 river water samples were collected at 13 sampling sites located at the junction of the principal river course and its tributaries. The results showed no spatial variations of either δD or δ¹⁸O values existed among tributary sampling sites A, B, E, F, H and I during the wet season, and significantly spatial variation occurred between tributary sampling sites A, B, E, F, H, I and site K; which indicated different proportions of rain entering river water should lead to spatial variation of water isotopes. The hydrograph separation analysis, based on the isotope data of river water, meltwater and rain water samples, showed the contribution of snow and glacier meltwater varied from 63.8% to 92.6%, and that of rain varied from 7.4% to 36.2%; which meant that snow and glacier meltwater was the main supplying water source of baseflow in the Heishui Valley. And the roles of glacier and snow meltwater should be significantly noticed in water resource management in this alpine valley at the rim of the Tibetan Plateau.  相似文献