浅海型水下滑翔机技术研究现状分析     

杨燕  孙秀军 《海洋技术学报》2015,34(4):7-14

美国Teledyne Webb Research公司按照型号系列化、结构模块化和测量多样化的设计思路研制水下滑翔机,其Slocum 200浅海型和Slocum 1000深海型水下滑翔机在海洋环境观测领域具有广泛的客户需求。文中以200 m浅海型和1 000 m深海型两款水下滑翔机为例,详细对比了两者的技术特点,并在此基础上阐述了两者各自适用的海洋环境观测应用范围,两者优势互补,难以取代对方。浅海型水下滑翔机具有锯齿剖面密度大、折返机动性高和平均前向速度快的特点,适合在近海岸、陆架坡折和深海温跃层等区域对高时空变率海洋现象进行观测。近几年,我国深海型水下滑翔机技术取得了惊人进步,同时,我国浅海型水下滑翔机技术也在快速发展,这对推动我国海洋环境监测业务水平的提升意义重大。  相似文献   

Thermo-acoustic sound generation in the interaction of pulsed proton and laser beams with a water target     

《Astroparticle Physics》2015

The generation of hydrodynamic radiation in interactions of pulsed proton and laser beams with matter is explored. The beams were directed into a water target and the resulting acoustic signals were recorded with pressure sensitive sensors. Measurements were performed with varying pulse energies, sensor positions, beam diameters and temperatures. The obtained data are matched by simulation results based on the thermo-acoustic model with uncertainties at a level of 10%. The results imply that the primary mechanism for sound generation by the energy deposition of particles propagating in water is the local heating of the medium. The heating results in a fast expansion or contraction and a pressure pulse of bipolar shape is emitted into the surrounding medium. An interesting, widely discussed application of this effect could be the detection of ultra-high energetic cosmic neutrinos in future large-scale acoustic neutrino detectors. For this application a validation of the sound generation mechanism to high accuracy, as achieved with the experiments discussed in this article, is of high importance.  相似文献   

A mobile polar atmospheric parameter measurement system:II. First atmospheric turbulence observation at Antarctic Taishan Station     

TIAN Qiguo  JIANG Peng  WU Xiaoqing  JIN Xinmiao  LU Shan  JI Tuo  CHAI Bo  ZHANG Shaohua  ZHOU Hongyan 《极地研究(英文版)》2015,(2)

This is the second paper of a series devoted to atmospheric optical turbulence Cn2 observation using a mobile polar atmospheric parameter measurement system. We present the initial results of Cn2 measu...  相似文献   

Operationalizing measurement of forest degradation: Identification and quantification of charcoal production in tropical dry forests using very high resolution satellite imagery     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2015

Quantification of forest degradation in monitoring and reporting as well as in historic baselines is among the most challenging tasks in national REDD+ strategies. However, a recently introduced option is to base monitoring systems on subnational conditions such as prevalent degradation activities. In Tanzania, charcoal production is considered a major cause of forest degradation, but is challenging to quantify due to sub-canopy biomass loss, remote production sites and illegal trade. We studied two charcoal production sites in dry Miombo woodland representing open woodland conditions near human settlements and remote forest with nearly closed canopies. Supervised classification and adaptive thresholding were applied on a pansharpened QuickBird (QB) image to detect kiln burn marks (KBMs). Supervised classification showed reasonable detection accuracy in the remote forest site only, while adaptive thresholding was found acceptable at both locations. We used supervised classification and manual digitizing for KBM delineation and found acceptable delineation accuracy at both sites with RMSEs of 25–32% compared to ground measurements. Regression of charcoal production on KBM area delineated from QB resulted in R²s of 0.86–0.88 with cross-validation RMSE ranging from 2.22 to 2.29 Mg charcoal per kiln. This study demonstrates, how locally calibrated remote sensing techniques may be used to identify and delineate charcoal production sites for estimation of charcoal production and associated extraction of woody biomass.  相似文献   

全极化SAR图像边缘检测的随机距离法     

王庆  曾琪明  张海真  焦健 《测绘学报》2015,44(7):753-760

提出了一种基于复Wishart分布随机距离的PolSAR图像边缘检测方法,将统计学中的随机距离理论引入PolSAR图像边缘检测中,依据的主要原理是边缘两侧类别之间随机距离的大小与边缘的方向和两侧类别差异的高度相关性。通过模拟数据对随机距离检测边缘的性能进行了全面分析,表明随机距离具有准确的边缘定向和定位能力。并利用基于复Wishart分布随机数生成器模拟的PolSAR图像和一景机载全极化SAR图像进行了验证。试验结果证实了该方法检测边缘的效果。  相似文献   

湖盆数据未知的湖泊动态库容遥感监测方法     

朱长明  张新  路明  骆剑承 《测绘学报》2015,44(3):309-315

针对现有库容遥感监测方法对无湖盆数据区域的湖泊动态库容难以直接测算问题,提出了未知湖泊水下地形数据的遥感湖泊动态库容监测方法。该方法通过多源遥感数据,匹配相对时相的湖泊面积和水位信息,构建并模拟湖盆DEM数据,据此来估算湖泊的动态库容。在算法实现上,首先采用分布迭代水体提取从遥感影像提取湖泊的多期动态边界;其次,从ICEsat GLAS激光测高数据中反演出湖泊的动态水位高程;第三,依据时间水位信息,通过邻近时相匹配,将水位高程赋给湖泊边界线,生成湖泊等水位线;第四,通过等水位线构建TIN(triangulated irregular network)和Kriging插值,得到模拟湖盆数字高程模型;最后,依据模拟湖盆DEM和水体面积分布、水位信息,计算湖泊动态库容。试验通过对博斯腾湖的多年动态库容监测与真实性检验,结果显示:最大误差为2.21×108 m3,最小误差为0.000 02×108 m3,平均误差为0.044×108 m3,均方根为0.59,相关系数达到0.99。  相似文献   

采用最优生成树的正射影像镶嵌线快速智能检测     

陈继溢  许彪  张力  艾海滨  杜全叶 《测绘学报》2015,44(10):1125-1131

针对高分辨率遥感影像提出了一种基于最优生成树的镶嵌线快速智能检测方法。该方法利用影像亮度差异和梯度构建重叠区域差分影像并视其为带权无向图,以Bottleneck模型为基础,采用最优生成树生成方法智能检测最佳镶嵌线。该方法回避了迭代搜索过程,具有速度快、效率高的优点。试验结果表明,所提出的方法能够在保证镶嵌线质量的同时具有较高的效率,可有效解决正射影像镶嵌过程中镶嵌线的自动选择问题。  相似文献   

基于三维平差的基坑监测数据处理方法探讨     

黄志伟  刘晓华  龚率  许挺  杨君祥 《测绘工程》2015,(2):51-54

在基坑监测自由测站边角交会构网监测方法的基础上,提出基于全站仪观测数据的三维平差数据处理方法。通过结合工程实例,对监测数据进行精度分析,并比较三维平差与传统平差方法的计算结果,验证文中方法可满足二级基坑的监测精度要求,能准确、高效地监测基坑形变。  相似文献   

结合LOG算子和大津法的遥感影像边缘检测方法     

刘剑飞  左小清  吴俐民  黄亮 《测绘科学》2015,40(1):107-109,97

针对遥感影像具有丰富的细节和混合噪声,采用传统高斯拉普拉斯(LOG)算子难以有效地提取遥感影像地物边缘信息,文章提出一种结合LOG算子和大津法(Otsu法)的遥感影像地物边缘信息提取算法。此算法采用中值滤波对原始影像进行消噪,利用Otsu算法对滤波后影像进行自适应阈值分割得到目标影像,采用LOG算子对目标影像进行边缘信息提取。以安宁某区域的遥感影像为例,实验结果表明,提出的算法与传统LOG算子相比,具有更高的提取精度,能有效地提取出遥感影像的真实边缘、减少伪边缘。  相似文献   

基于自适应支撑区域的特征点检测算法     

孟浩  陈苏婷 《测绘科学》2015,40(3):85-90,51

针对已有的特征点检测算法的不足,文章提出了一种基于自适应支撑区域(ROS)的算法,该算法针对目前特征点检测中的支撑区域选择,提出了一种自适应单调检测方法,改变了传统支撑区域选择过于单一的难点,自适应性强;并对于曲率的非极大值抑制易造成误检的问题,给出了三次扫描算法,即分析误检产生机理筛选候选特征点。通过支撑区域的自适应选择和三次扫描,实现了算法的自适应性和鲁棒性,检测精度高。试验结果表明,该算法无需先验参数,运行效率高,算法复杂度低。  相似文献