GIS作为新一代地理学语言的特征(英文)     

胡最  汤国安  闾国年 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(3):560-576

Language plays a vital role in the communication, sharing and transmission of information among human beings. Geographical languages are essential for understanding, investigating, representing and propagating geo-spatial information. Geographical languages have developed and evolved gradually with improvements in science, technology and cognitive levels. Concerning the theoretical progress from geographical information ontology, epistemology and linguistic theory, this paper firstly puts forward the concept of a GIS language and discusses its basic characteristics according to changes in the structures, functions and characteristics of geographical languages. This GIS language can be regarded as a system of synthetic digital symbols. It is a comprehensive representation of geographical objects, phenomena and their spatial distributions and dynamic processes. This representation helps us generate a universal perception of geographical space using geographical scenarios or symbols with geometry, statuses, processes, spatio-temporal relationships, semantics and attributes. Furthermore, this paper states that the GIS language represents a new generation of geographical language due to its intrinsic characteristics, structures, functions and systematic content. Based on the aforementioned theoretical foundation, this paper illustrates the pivotal status and contributions of the GIS language from the perspective of geographical researchers. The language of GIS is a new geographical language designed for the current era, with features including spatio-temporal multi-dimension representation, interactive visualization, virtual geographical scenarios, multi-sensor perception and expedient broadcasting via the web. The GIS language is the highest-level geographical language developed to date, integrating semantic definitions, feature extraction, geographical dynamic representation and spatio-temporal factors and unifying the computation of geographical phenomena and objects. The GIS language possesses five important characteristics: abstraction, systematicness, strictness, precision and hierarchy. In summary, the GIS language provides a new means forpeople to recognize, understand and simulate entire geo-environments. Therefore, exploration of the GIS language’s functions in contemporary geographical developments is becoming increasingly important. Similarly, construction of the conceptual model and scientific systems of the GIS language will promote the development of the disciplines of geography and geographical information sciences. Therefore, this paper investigates the prospects of the GIS language from the perspectives of digital technology, geographical norms, geographical modeling and the disciplinary development of geography.  相似文献   

From text to landscape: locating,identifying and mapping the use of landscape features in a Swiss Alpine corpus     

Curdin Derungs  Ross S. Purves 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(6):1272-1293

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Comparing English,Mandarin, and Russian hydrographic and terrain categories     

Chen-Chieh Feng  Alexandre Sorokine 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(6):1294-1315

The paper compares hydrographic and terrain categories in the geospatial data standards of the United States, Taiwan, and Russian Federation where the dominant languages used are from different language families. It aims to identify structural and semantic differences between similar categories across three geospatial data standards. By formalizing the data standard structures and identifying the properties that differentiate sibling categories in each geospatial data standard using well-known formal relations and quality universals, we develop a common basis on which hydrographic and terrain categories in the three data standards can be compared. The result suggests that all the three data standards structure categories with a mixture of relations even though most of them are well-known relations in top-level ontologies. Similar categories can be found across all the three standards. Cases of categories from different standards carrying identical meaning are rare. Partial overlaps in the meaning of the similar categories can be a direct result of different quality universals at work in defining and distinguishing these categories, or in the case of these categories being ordered by size, the threshold values for distinguishing the categories are ambiguous and language-dependent. Understanding these differences avoids incorrect mappings of categories in multilingual applications. More importantly, it provides a starting point for more effective mapping between hydrographic and terrain categories between English, Mandarin, and Russian.  相似文献   

Mark on the globe: a quest for scientific bases of geographic information and its international influence     

F. Benjamin Zhan  Xi Gong  Xingjian Liu 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(6):1233-1245

David M. Mark published his first journal article in 1970. Since then, he has written or coauthored more than 220 publications over a period of 40 years as of 28 May 2012. Based on data from Web of Science (WoS) and Google Scholar, Mark’s publications have been cited over 7410 times by researchers in more than 80 countries or regions as of 28 May 2012, when this paper was first prepared. The geographic extent of Mark’s scholarly influence is truly global. An examination of his 20 most cited articles reveals that his work in diverse areas as digital elevation models, geomorphology, geographic cognition, and ontology of the geospatial domain enjoyed a lasting impact worldwide.  相似文献   

Research and application of role theory in ocean carbon cycle ontology construction     

Haipeng Jia  Jing Xiong  Jianliang Xu  Jipeng Wang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(6):979-984

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基于黑板模型的地面气象数据质量控制     

李良富王汉杰  刘金玉宋帅 《气象科技》2006,34(2):199-204

气象数据实时质量控制对航空活动和防灾减灾的气象保障意义重大。该文介绍一个基于黑板模型的地面气象观测数据实时质量控制系统。该系统应用领域本体分析技术,集成多方面专家的经验知识,确定气象观测数据质量控制的知识点,通过异构知识体之间的协作,实时推断气象观测数据的正确性,实现对地面气象观测数据的实时自动错误检测、警示并给出更改建议。以地面航空气象观测数据实时质量控制为例,提出了用“错误召回率”和“警示正确率”指标对质量控制进行评测的方法。对1994年和2003年的资料质量分析结果显示,基于本文技术的观测数据质量控制的错误召回率接近100%,警示正确率达到89%。  相似文献   

基于本体的空间数据语义查询研究     

王艳东  龚健雅  戴晶晶 《测绘信息与工程》2007,32(2):32-34

设计了一个基于本体的空间信息查询框架,能有效地表现空间信息层次结构和语义,在保证语义一致性的前提下,查询、获取不同来源的空间数据。  相似文献   

面向任务地图综合中要素的语义性权重判定     

李芳  边馥苓 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2007,32(3):279-281

在综合过程中，不仅要考虑要素细节的几何性权重，还要考虑不同要素类的语义性权重，即要素类在地图空间中表示的详细度由该要素类和用户、用户任务的相关度决定，从而最终根据地理实体语义相似性量化地图综合中的地理实体权重。  相似文献   

Location and Its Semantics in Location-Based Services     

ZHAO Dongqing LUE Zhiping ZHANG Xiguang 《地球空间信息科学学报》2007,10(2):145-150

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基于本体协同的空间信息互操作方法   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

谭喜成  边馥苓 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2005,30(2):178-181

提出了基于标准空间信息本体和混合结构语义本体协同的地理信息系统互操作，通过本体的协同实现基于标准空间本体的异构空间信息互通和基于异构语义本体分级匹配的空间信息重分类及语义互操作。  相似文献