Lignin phenols used to infer organic matter sources to Sepetiba Bay – RJ,Brasil     

C.E. Rezende  W.C. Pfeiffer  L.A. Martinelli  E. Tsamakis  J.I. Hedges  R.G. Keil 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Lignin phenols were measured in the sediments of Sepitiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and in bedload sediments and suspended sediments of the four major fluvial inputs to the bay; São Francisco and Guandu Channels and the Guarda and Cação Rivers. Fluvial suspended lignin yields (Σ8 3.5–14.6 mgC 10 g dw⁻¹) vary little between the wet and dry seasons and are poorly correlated with fluvial chlorophyll concentrations (0.8–50.2 μgC L⁻¹). Despite current land use practices that favor grassland agriculture or industrial uses, fluvial lignin compositions are dominated by a degraded leaf-sourced material. The exception is the Guarda River, which has a slight influence from grasses. The Lignin Phenol Vegetation Index, coupled with acid/aldehyde and 3.5 Db/V ratios, indicate that degraded leaf-derived phenols are also the primary preserved lignin component in the bay. The presence of fringe Typha sp. and Spartina sp. grass beds surrounding portions of the Bay are not reflected in the lignin signature. Instead, lignin entering the bay appears to reflect the erosion of soils containing a degraded signature from the former Atlantic rain forest that once dominated the watershed, instead of containing a significant signature derived from current agricultural uses. A three-component mixing model using the LPVI, atomic N:C ratios, and stable carbon isotopes (which range between –26.8 and –21.8‰) supports the hypothesis that fluvial inputs to the bay are dominated by planktonic matter (78% of the input), with lignin dominated by leaf (14% of the input) over grass (6%). Sediments are composed of a roughly 50–50 mixture of autochthonous material and terrigenous material, with lignin being primarily sourced from leaf.  相似文献   

针对IPCC评估报告中海洋碳循环的疑问——δ¹³C收支平衡法的验证     

姜爱军陈中笑  任慧军程军 加藤喜久雄 大森保 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(06):369-375

通过对比IPCC历次评估报告中全球碳循环的收支发现,尽管评估报告在估算各主要碳库及其间的通量时差别不大,但表层至中深层海水间溶解无机碳通量却存在巨大差异。利用δ¹³C的收支平衡检验了这一通量的适用范围,结果表明：IPCC 1996年和2007年评估报告对此通量估计过大,而1990年和2001年评估报告估计偏小。  相似文献   

四川宁南银厂沟震旦-寒武纪交变期碳、氧同位素地球化学特征     

李雁龙  钟长洪  马比阿伟  刘炳璋 《四川地质学报》2010,30(1):82-85

扬子地台西缘攀西地区,晚震旦世-早寒武世为一套连续沉积碳酸盐岩,众多科研文献中时代地层、岩性地层和生物地层的划分各异。在此交变期及其近前后,随之发生诸多地质事件,成为地学研究的热点之一。于宁南等四幅1：5万区调工作中,实测灯影组麦地坪段地层剖面,采集新鲜岩样,测试碳、氧同位素,试从稳定同位素地球化学角度阐述其指示意义,提供研究震旦一寒武纪交变期的地球化学资料。  相似文献   

Climatic significance of δ18O records from an 80.36 m ice core in the East Rongbuk Glacier, Mount Qomolangma (Everest)     

Zhang Dongqi  QIN Dahe  HOU Shugui  KANG Shichang  REN Jiawen  Paul A.Mayewski 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(2)

The δ18O variations in an 80.36 m ice core retrieved in the accumulation zone of the East Rongbuk Glacier, Mount Qomolangma (Everest), is not consistent with changes of air temperature from both southern and northern slopes of Himalayas, as well as these of the temperature anomalies over the Northern Hemisphere. The negative relationship between the δ18O and the net accumulation records of the ice core suggests the "amount effect" of summer precipitation on the δ18O values in the region. Therefore, the δ18O records of the East Rongbuk ice core should be a proxy of Indian Summer Monsoon intensity, which shows lower δ18O values during strong monsoon phases and higher values during weak phases.  相似文献   

Carbon isotope characteristics of the diaromatic carotenoid, isorenieratene (intact and sulfide-bound) and a novel isomer in sediments     

Anke Putschew  Philippe Schaeffer  Christine Schaeffer-Reiss  James R Maxwell 《Organic Geochemistry》1998,29(8):1849-1856

Messinian marls from evaporitic cycle IV of the Gessoso-solfifera formation (Italy) are known to contain in high abundance the diaromatic carotenoid isorenieratene of green sulfur bacterial (Chlorobiaceae) origin along with a second diaromatic carotenoid. The previous tentative assignment of the latter as a cis diastereomer of isorenieratene has now been confirmed; this indicates that double bond isomerization occurs during early diagenesis and provides further evidence for the pathway proposed previously to link isorenieratene to a number of aromatic isoprenoid hydrocarbon biomarkers. Stable carbon isotopic data confirm the Chlorobiaceae origin of the intact all-trans isorenieratene isomer and indicate that the isomerization is accompanied by little or no kinetic isotope effect. Comparison of the δ¹³C values of each of the isolated carotenoids (measured as isorenieratane after hydrogenation) with those of their sulfide-bound counterpart in the polar fraction of the extracts (also measured as isorenieratane) indicates that sulfurization resulted in little depletion in ¹³C.  相似文献   

Stable Strontium Isotopic Fractionation During Chemical Weathering in Drainage Basins: Mechanisms and Applications     

Zheng Lai  Ni Su  Zhouyang Wu  Ergang Lian  Chengfan Yang  Fangliang Li  Shouye Yang 《地球科学进展》1986,35(7):691-703

The new non-traditional stable strontium (Sr) isotope has aroused great attention from academic scholars in terms of the continental weathering and marine Sr cycle. The analytical precision of stable Sr isotope using mass spectrometry is better than 0.03‰. The compiled δ⁸⁸/ ⁸⁶Sr values vary from -3.65‰ to 1.68‰ in natural reservoirs. Recent findings indicate that multiple processes can cause stable Sr isotope fractionation in Earth surface, including the incongruent dissolution of primary minerals, the formation and adsorption of secondary minerals, the precipitation of calcium carbonate, and the biological cycling. These processes lead to higher δ⁸⁸/ ⁸⁶Sr in the liquid phase and lower δ⁸⁸/ ⁸⁶Sr in the solid phase, and thus result in different geochemical behavior of stable Sr isotopes in water and sediment during the weathering processes. The δ⁸⁸/ ⁸⁶Sr values of river sediment decrease with the increase of weathering intensity, which has the potential to indicate chemical weathering intensity. Meanwhile, further study on the fractionation mechanisms and constraints of stable Sr isotopes in river water plays an important role in tracing chemical weathering processes within the watershed, which will lead to a better understanding of the global ocean Sr cycle.  相似文献   

内陆河流域系统降水中的稳定同位素——乌鲁木齐河流域降水中δ18O与温度关系研究   总被引：14，自引：5，他引：9  

孙俊英 《冰川冻土》2000,22(1):15-22

研究了乌鲁木齐河流域从下游乌鲁木齐站、中游跃进桥站和源头大西沟站降水中稳定同位素 与温度的关系,揭示了内陆河流域系统降水中稳定同位素的变化规律．在乌鲁木齐河流域,降水中 的δ18O随海拔增高而减小,δ18O与温度有密切的正相关关系,说明δ18O是温度的可靠指标．在乌鲁 木齐河流域,局地性降水的增加影响单个降水事件中δ18O与温度的关系．在跃进桥站和大西沟站, 因局地性降水增加,所以单个降水事件中δ18O与温度的关系较乌鲁木齐站差．但在月平均以上时间 尺度上．跃进桥站和大西沟站δ18O与温度的关系反比乌鲁木齐站好．说明越往冰川区．δ18O对温度 反映越敏感．  相似文献   

青藏高原中部各拉丹冬峰雪冰记录特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张玉兰  康世昌  张强弓  丛志远  张拥军 《冰川冻土》2007,29(5):685-693

2005年10~11月在青藏高原唐古拉山脉各拉丹冬峰冰川区不同海拔采集了3个雪坑样品,分析结果表明,雪坑中δ¹⁸O和主要离子浓度具有明显的季节变化特征.夏季风期间降水中δ¹⁸O低于其它季节,表明该地区夏季δ¹⁸O的"降水量效应"仍然存在.雪坑中主要离子在非季风期的浓度高于夏季风期.主要离子的相关分析表明,除NH₄⁺、NO₃^-外,雪坑中其它离子浓度之间均存在较好的正相关性.各拉丹冬峰冰川区仍受到南亚季风的影响,但因其位于夏季风影响的边缘区域,其影响程度相对于高原南部较弱;同时也受到大陆性气候的影响,在冬春季节具有较高的粉尘气溶胶沉降.  相似文献   

早全新世季风演化的高分辨率石笋δ18O记录研究--以河南老母洞石笋为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张银环  杨琰  杨勋林  殷建军  黄帆  任小凤  赵景耀  刘肖  聂旭东 《沉积学报》2015,33(1):134-141

基于豫西老母洞LM2石笋8个高精度230Th年龄,449个氧碳同位素,建立了达十年际分辨率的8.2~10.9 ka B.P.亚洲季风变化的δ18O记录序列.老母洞石笋δ18O值最为偏负达-12.0‰,最偏正为-8.2‰,振幅达3.8‰.早全新世10.13~10.9 ka B.P.时段内,河南西部老母洞石笋和东石崖石笋,陕西九仙洞C996-2石笋δ18O曲线揭示该时段内季风稳定,而中国南方的衙门洞石笋、三宝洞石笋和极地冰芯GRIP记录揭示该时段季风逐渐增强;同时季风达到顶峰的时期也不相同,进一步说明中国南北方早全新世10.13~10.9 ka B.P.时段季风演变过程的差异,可能与中国南北方气候的响应机制有关.从早全新世平均分辨率10年的LM2石笋记录中识别出8.2 ka,9.5 ka,10.2 ka和10.9 ka显著弱季风事件,尤其是8.2 ka和9.5 ka事件.对比分析老母洞与已发表的高分辨率石笋δ18O记录发现:石笋所揭示的某些冷事件发生时间在亚洲季风区存在差异,主要表现在事件内部变化特征及趋势上.LM2石笋δ18O曲线并没有明显记录9.3 ka弱季风事件,而是在9.3~9.6 ka B.P.左右记录了一个弱季风事件,与DSY09(2009)、Y1、HS-4记录相似,表明在该时段内存在季风的减弱事件,但是氧同位素传输的复杂性,使其在南北方表现不同.此外,在LM2石笋δ18O的8.2 ka B.P.开始时段,氧同位素曲线阶段性下降,且变幅达3‰,与Zhang等研究万象洞石笋提出的“中国8 200阶段”吻合,表明中国北方地区的8.2 ka事件是阶段性的事件,而南方的石笋氧同位素记录揭示的8.2 ka事件并未表现出阶段性特征,其原因有待于更多北方高精度石笋记录来进一步研究.LM2石笋氧同位素记录进行功率谱分析发现:在短尺度上季风变化与太阳活动密切相关,这与近年来对早全新世极端气候变化研究的驱动机制是一致的,早全新世亚洲季风的演化与太阳活动变化引起的太阳辐射能量的变化和北半球高纬气候的变化状况有关.  相似文献   

环境因素对蜗牛Achatina fulica壳体碳酸盐δ13C 组成影响的实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

朱莉莉  鲍睿  盛雪芬 《高校地质学报》2015,21(2):357

陆生蜗牛化石稳定同位素组成是一种良好的古环境信息载体,常被用于古环境古气候的重建。由于缺少古环境因子 对蜗牛壳体稳定同位素组成机理性的结论,因此越来越多的研究侧重于对现代蜗牛壳体的环境效应进行探讨。实验室蜗牛 饲养实验则可以通过控制环境因素来确定其对壳体碳酸盐稳定同位素组成的影响程度,从而得到较为确切的结果。该文在 前人的研究基础上,利用Achatina fulica 进行实验室饲养实验。结果表明,在相同的温、湿度下,同种食物喂养的蜗牛壳体 有非常稳定的分馏值,不同食物类型的结果有一定的差异,莴苣叶、玉米粉和饲料喂养的蜗牛壳体相对于食物的分馏值分 别为16.70‰±0.2‰,10.57‰±0.2‰和10.65‰±0.2‰;在20~30℃实验条件下,壳体δ13C并不受环境温度的影响,主要受食 物的影响,并得到两者之间的回归方程为δ13Cs=0.6665δ13Cv+6.2302（n=26）;无机碳酸盐对Achatina fulica 壳体文石δ13C值影 响很少;根据端元组分分析方法的统计结果显示,食物是Achatina fulica 壳体碳同位素组成的主要影响因素,贡献值约为 80％±5％,除此以外,大气CO2的贡献值约为20％±5％。  相似文献