铁铝复合氧化物对土壤Mn、Pb和Cd有效性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任丽英  马家恒  徐振  胡长伟  王法社  高晓慧  庞雪 《矿物学报》2014,(3)

利用氧化物对土壤重金属的吸附特性,研究了添加铁铝复合氧化物对土壤Mn、Pb和Cd有效性的影响。结果表明,在土壤中添加氧化物后,土壤中3种重金属的交换态含量明显降低。14天时间,添加铁铝氧化物后,土壤中交换态Mn、Pb和Cd的含量分别降低了64.8%、52.9%和89.51%,可见铁铝氧化物明显降低了土壤中Mn、Pb和Cd的有效性。通过方程拟合,建立了氧化物对土壤中交换态Mn、Pb和Cd的吸附模型,其中以Elovich方程和权函数方程拟合度较好,其次是抛物线扩散方程。  相似文献   

四川盆地东部下古生界页岩储集空间特征及其对含气性的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

余川  聂海宽  曾春林  程礼军  邵晓州 《地质学报》2014,88(7):1311-1320

四川盆地东部下古生界海相页岩是一套有利的页岩气储层,通过野外泥页岩剖面及井下岩芯观察、电镜扫描、常规物性及微孔隙结构测试、等温吸附实验等技术方法,对页岩气储层空间特征进行了研究分析,发现下古生界页岩的孔隙可分为三大类六小类,裂缝可分为两大类五小类,具有颗粒细小、致密、大孔发育少、微孔发育多、具有一定孔隙度、渗透率小、喉道细、连通性差的特征。页岩总孔体积主体是由孔径小于200nm的微孔隙提供的,纳米级孔隙和微裂缝是页岩主要的储集空间,页岩有机质孔对于孔隙度具有一定贡献,是富有机质页岩的主要微孔隙类型。页岩的微孔隙结构决定了页岩气的赋存状态和流动方式,孔缝发育程度在一定程度上决定了页岩的含气性及其渗透性能,但大型或巨型裂缝的发育,将给页岩气的有效保存带来破坏。有机质(干酪根和沥青质)和黏土颗粒内的微孔隙表面是吸附态页岩气赋存的主要空间,但有机质孔提供了大部分具吸附性的孔比表面,是控制页岩吸附性能的主要因素,而黏土矿物的作用是次要的。  相似文献   

外加剂与水泥掺量对有机质水泥红黏土强度的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘宝臣  张晨富  唐黔 《地质科技情报》2014,(5)

在有不同外加剂的水泥加固条件下,通过三轴试验、压缩试验、无侧限抗压强度试验,探讨水泥掺量与水泥土黏聚力、内摩擦角、压缩系数及无侧限抗压强度之间的相关关系,并对试验结果进行回归分析。试验结果表明,无论在有无外加剂的条件下,水泥土黏聚力、内摩擦角、无侧限抗压强度都随水泥掺量的增加而逐渐增加,增加的幅度却逐渐变小,它们的变化趋势总体上是一致的,并且外加剂类型对它们的作用效果都表现为:高效减水剂复合早强剂早强减水剂无外加剂。但其压缩系数却随着水泥掺量的增加而近似于直线不断减小,在相同水泥掺量时,无外加剂的水泥土的压缩系数最高,早强减水剂的水泥土的压缩系数又分别大于复合早强剂、高效减水剂水泥土的压缩系数。高效减水剂对提高水泥土力学强度的效果最明显。  相似文献   

论长治盆地区域生态地球化学特征与农业发展前景     

唐华 《山西地质》2014,(4):60-62

通过对长治盆地区域地球化学化学特征的分析,为该地区土地规划、整理和开发利用,促进农业经济区划和种植结构调整,加快土地保护治理,制定经济社会科学和可持续发展提供依据。  相似文献   

梁家沟矿区土壤地球化学特征及找矿意义     

卢仁  梁涛  王福贵 《物探与化探》2014,(2):234-238

在1∶1万土壤地球化学测量的基础上,对梁家沟矿区的地球化学特征进行了初步分析,对元素的分布特征及单元素异常特征进行了研究,发现Ag、Pb、Mo、W为矿区具有一定潜力的找矿指标。结合矿区内异常元素组合特征、地球化学—地质成因和找矿远景分析,圈定矿区内冰冷沟、苇子沟和乔沟为找矿靶区。  相似文献   

土壤地球化学测量在博茨瓦纳中部地区的应用     

李飞  施泽明  裴云婧 《物探与化探》2014,(1):58-62

通过在博茨瓦纳中部区Tonota-Foley一带的找矿勘查,探讨土壤地球化学测量方法在博茨瓦纳热带干旱草原景观区的应用效果。利用该方法,在Tonota-Foley一带圈定出化探综合异常17处,通过对典型异常的查证工作,运用槽探工程,查明了异常源为方解石蛇纹岩体,说明土壤地球化学测量方法适用于博茨瓦纳中部地区的景观条件,圈定的异常准确、有效,该方法可在博茨瓦纳同类地区推广使用。  相似文献   

综合物化探方法在地质找矿“攻深找盲”中的应用     

时永志  ;李凯成 《物探与化探》2014,(5):910-915

物化探找矿方法面临着新形势下复杂地质条件中找矿的新挑战,单一物化探分析方法很难具有说服力,综合各种地质信息和勘探方法显得尤为重要。笔者结合河南省某矿床的找矿实践,介绍了高精度磁测、X荧光土壤分析和EH4测深等物化探综合分析方法,在工作区内发现了与成矿有关的物化探异常,经查证与地表地质现象吻合较好,说明该综合物化探评价技术方法在该矿床的应用是成功的,显示了其快速、高效和精准的特点。  相似文献   

Determination of trace and rare-earth elements in Chinese soil and clay reference materials by ICP-MS   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ye Liu  Chunrong Diwu  Yan Zhao  Xiaoming Liu  Honglin Yuan  Jianqi Wang 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(1):95-102

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) has become a powerful tool for providing reliable analytical results in many laboratories around the word. In this study, the mixture of HF and HNO3 acids in high-temperature and high-pressure closed-vessel digestion technique were used to decompose some Chinese reference materials, and thirty seven elements were determined by ICP-MS. Most of the results for Chinese soil reference materials were found to be in reasonable agreement with the reference values, except Cs, Ta, Li, Ge, Zn, Nd, Tb and Ta whose values need to be revised. Their precisions were typically lower than 5% RSD. However, the Precisions of Chinese clay reference materials, especially for GBW03102 and GBW03102a, were significantly different with reference values, probably reflecting the existence of a coarser-grained fraction(70 μm) in samples, and the formation of fluorides in Al-rich samples during sample decomposition by using the mixture of HF and HNO3 acids. Moreover, thirty-seven trace elements covering the mass range from Li to U in four Chinese clay reference materials were firstly provided with good precision and accuracy in this study.  相似文献   

Mobilization and redistribution of elements in soils developed from extreme weathering basalt on Hainan Island   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jianwu Li  Ganlin Zhang  Zitong Gong 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(3):262-271

Major, trace and organic elements of a South China were reported to investigate elements laterite profile developed on Neogene basalt on Hainan Island, mobilization and redistribution in tropical regions. The results indicate that strong acid environment and organic matter （OM） can remarkably improve the transfer of insoluble elements. Among all the elements, Th is the least mobile. As for the general conservative elements during incipient chemical weathering, such as Ti, Zr, Hf and Nb, the removals are up to 30%-40% in the upper profile. And for Fe, A1, Cu and Ni, that tend to be combined with secondary minerals and to be retained in temperate zone, they are re- moved from the upper profile, transferred downwards, and then precipitated in the lower profile. In addition, atmos- pheric inputs, including sea salt aerosols and dust, have a profound effect on the budgets of elements that are susceptible to leaching losses （e.g. K, Na and Sr）. Excluding the possibilities of groundwater and erosion, the remarkable increase of K, Na and Sr concentrations in the upper profile, together with dramatically upward increasing trends of the percentage changes of Sr/Th, K/Th and Na/Th ratios, show that atmospheric inputs, especially sea salt aerosols, contribute much extraneous seawater derived elements, such as K, Na and Sr to the soils. The overall elemental be- haviors in this profile suggest that organic matter and atmospheric inputs play a very important role in the mobiliza- tion and redistribution of elements during extreme weathering in tropical regions.  相似文献   

Geochemical process of fluorine in soil     

Xiaojing Liu  Binbin Wang  Baoshan Zheng 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(3):277-279

Fluorine is in the dynamic balance of two geochemical processes, enrichment and leaching, reflecting the adsorption and desorption of fluoride by clay minerals, respectively. The two geochemical processes of fluorine in soil are influenced by factors including geochemical characteristics of soil and clay minerals, pH and sanity of soil solutions, climate, grazing and agriculture activities. Main factors controlling enrichment and leaching process of fluorine in soil can be found with interaction consideration.  相似文献