地球上年龄最小的山——喜马拉雅山     

《资源导刊(河南)》2014,(3):3-3

亲爱的读者朋友,提起我国的名山大川,也许您会侃侃而谈：名闻遐迩的五岳山水,充满神秘感的四大佛教名山,风景秀丽奇绝的黄山与庐山……然而,当仔细阅读完漫长的地质历史后,您会发现.  相似文献   

美国黄石公园:环保与科普并重     

《地理教学》2013,(9):64

正1月9日,联合国教科文组织向中国三大著名景区——湖南张家界、江西庐山和黑龙江五大连池给予"黄牌警告",原因是"向公众科普地球知识"等方面有所不足。在联合国教科文组织中提出的世界地质公园六条定义中有"可用来作为教育的工具,进行与地学各学科有关的可持续发展教育、环境教育、培训和研究"一条。他山之石,可以攻玉。本报在此将陆续介绍国外一些地质公园在教育科普方面好的经验和做法,希望对我们有所启发和帮助。如梦似幻的碧蓝湖泊宛如天眼,深潭之中波涛汹  相似文献   

Field survey around strong motion stations and its implications on the seismic intensity in the Lushan earthquake on April 20, 2013     

Yefei Ren  Kun Ji  Ruizhi Wen  Xutao Huang 《地震学报(英文版)》2013,(3):241-250

The Ms7.0 Lushan earthquake on April 20, 2013 is another destructive event in China since the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 and Ms7.1 Yushu earth- quake in 2010. A large number of strong motion recordings were accumulated by the National Strong Motion Obser- vation Network System of China. The maximum peak ground acceleration （PGA） at Station 51BXD in Baoxing Country is recorded as -1,005.3 cm/s2, which is even larger than the maximum one in the Wenchuan earthquake. A field survey around three typical strong motion stations confirms that the earthquake damage is consistent with the issued map of macroseismic intensity. For the oscillation period 0.3-1.0 s which is the common natural period range of the Chinese civil building, a comparison shows that the observed response spectrums are considerably smaller than the designed values in the Chinese code and this could be one of the reasons that the macroseismic intensity is lower than what we expected despite the high amplitude of PGAs. The Housner spectral intensities from 16 stations are also basically correlated with their macroseismic intensities, and the empirical distribution of spectral intensities from Lushan and Wenchuan Earthquakes under the Chinese scale is almost identical with those under the European scale.  相似文献   

A study on the uncertainties of the centroid depth of the 2013 Lushan earthquake from teleseimic body wave data     

Weiwen Chen  Decai Wang  Shengji Wei 《地震学报(英文版)》2013,(3):161-168

Centroid depth of earthquakes is essential for seismic hazard mitigation. But, various studies provided different solutions for the centroid depth of the damaging 2013 Lushan earthquake, thus hindering further studies of the earthquake processes. To resolve its centroid depth and assess the uncertainties, we apply the teleseismic cut and paste method to invert for centroid depth with teleseismic body waves in the epicentral distance of 300-90~. We performed the inversion for P waves only as well the case of both P and SH waves and found that both cases lead to depth solutions with difference less than 0.5 km. We also investigated the effects on depth inversion from azimuth gap of seismic stations, source duration, and comer fre- quency of filter. These various tests show that even azi- muthal distribution of seismic stations is helpful for accurate depth inversion. It is also found that estimate of centroid depth is sensitive to source duration. Moreover, the depth is biased to larger values when corner frequency of low-pass filter is very low. The uncertainty in the velocity model can also generate some error in the depth estimation （- 1.0 km）.With all the above factors consid- ered, the centroid depth of Lushan earthquake is proposed to be around 12 km, with uncertainty about 2 km.  相似文献   

庐山JL剖面红土粒度体积分形特征及其环境意义   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

姜永见  朱丽东  叶玮  李凤全  李建武 《山地学报》2008,26(1):36-44

分形理论在地貌学、土壤学、沉积学等领域得到了广泛应用,但在南方第四纪红土研究中的应用尚不多见.选取庐山北麓一个典型的第四纪红土剖面--JL剖面,根据三维空间内的体积分维模型和线性回归法,对红土颗粒粒径的体积分形特征进行研究,得出该剖面红土粒度体积分维值.研究结果表明:(1)剖面红土粒度的体积分形特征显著,其粒度特征和体积分维值与北方黄土具有较好的可比性,指示该剖面红土母质具有风成特性,并体现堆积与风化同时进行的加积特征.(2)网纹红土粒度体积分维值最大,第①～⑤均值介于2.080 9～2.141 1间;第⑥和第⑧棕黄色土层体积分维值最小,分别为1.998 4和1.972 3;第⑦古土壤层的体积分维值介于网纹红土层和棕黄色黄土层之间,为2.065 3.体积分维值与粘粒含量及分选系数显著正相关,与粉砂含量呈负相关关系.(3)JL剖面红土粒度体积分维值的纵向变化表现为高低值相间的7个旋回,与传统粒度参数相比具有更显著的分段性,并与红化率和CIA值峰谷变化存在对应关系,可以作为指示沉积-风化环境变化的指标.初步认为庐山地区红土母质第四纪以来成壤环境存在强弱变化并逐渐减弱.  相似文献   

2013 年芦山MS7.0 地震前甘孜台地电阻率变化分析     

解滔  卢军  任越霞  赵民渊 《中国地震研究》2014,(3):388-402

A trend increase in apparent resistivity has been observed in the N30°E monitoring direction at Garze Seismic Station since July 2011. This increase trend in geo-electric resistivity has been observed in the N60°W direction since 2012. During the period of the increase, the national highway No.317 was expanded in the monitoring area, so the potential electrodes in the N30°E direction had to be moved 10m towards the current electrodes. We interpreted the electric sounding data of Garz6 Seismic Station with a horizontally layered model. Analysis based on this model showed that the shift of potential electrodes can cause a 4 l-l.m rise to the measurements in the N30°E direction. Therefore, apparent resistivity of the two directions increased in the same time in 2012 after offsetting the effects from electrodes shift. Sensitivity coefficients of the two observation directions were also obtained using the model. Sensitivity coefficients of both directions were negative for the shallow layers, which can well explain the unexpected annual variations of Garze Seismic Station. In order to quantitatively analyze the effects from the expansion of the national highway on the observation, we constructed a finite element model based on the electrical structure. Analysis results also suggested that the expansion of the national highway could only cause a 0. 15 Ω·m decrease in the N60°W monitoring direction and 0. 1 Ω· m increase in the N30°E direction. Additionally, the valley values of annual variation of 2013 were distinctively higher than that of other years since 2008, meaning that there was an abnormal rise in apparent resistivity in the two observation directions at Garz~ Seismic Station before the Lushan earthquake. However, the rise was contrary to the decline variation before the Wenchuan earthquake. Therefore, it is still unsure whether or not the rise variation is related to the Lushan earthquake.  相似文献   

庐山景区脆弱生态形成的原因分析     

郎赞文  杨金明  付东海  吴荣华 《江西测绘》2012,(4):42-43

庐山的生态环境由于人类对景区的过度利用和生态气候大环境的变化变得尤其脆弱。而对庐山景区的生态环境进行脆弱生态形成的原因分析,有利于运用科学的分析方法进行评估,进而根据评估进行科学合理的利用与保护。  相似文献   

庐山森林景观美学质量与景观格局指数的关系   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

周年兴  黄震方  蒋铭萍  梁艳艳 《地理研究》2012,31(7):1224-1232

森林景观美学价值和生态可持续价值是森林景观系统中两种主要的价值。采集一系列典型森林景观照片,将这些景观照片对公众进行审美评价,并判别他们的景观生态特征,最后进行景观美学质量与景观格局指数之间相互关系的研究。本文得出了以下主要结论:(1)美景度值(SBE值)与景观组分指数中的水域所占面积比存在很强的正相关(r=0.472,P<0.01),与自然性指数也有较强的正相关(r=0.368,P<0.05);而与建筑所占面积比存在很强的负相关(r=-0.422,P<0.01)。(2)SBE值与景观格局指数中的斑块密度(r=-0.489,P<0.01)存在显著的负相关,而与边界密度(r=0.481,P<0.01)、多样性指数(r=0.602,P<0.01)存在显著的正相关。(3)SBE值与开放性指数、最大斑块面积比和形状指数之间并没有显著的相关性。  相似文献   

赣北庐山─鄱阳湖的造山─造盆作用     

毕华  谭克仁  吴堑虹  张琴华 《江西地质》1996,(1)

以往许多学者习惯于将造山作用与造盆作用分开来研究，且认为赣北庐山—鄱阳湖仅在第四纪形成。笔者通过对庐山及其东部鄱阳湖地区区域深部构造背景及其基本地质特征的分析，将庐山—鄱阳湖的造山—造盆作用作为一个整体来进行研究，主要论述了其造山－造盆作用的特征，即先天条件、临产条件和后天条件。在此基础上．将庐山—鄱阳湖的造山—造盆作用划分为前震旦纪基础阶段、震旦纪—早三叠世休眠阶段、晚二叠世—早第三纪雏形阶段及晚第三纪—第四纪形成阶段等四个阶段．并对各阶段造山—造盆作用的运动学与动力学特征进行了探讨。  相似文献   

江西庐山地区早元古代星子群变质作用和岩石地球化学特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

金文山  赵风清  甘晓春  王祖伟 《岩石矿物学杂志》1996,15(1):1-9

早元古代星子群遭受吕梁期以低角闪岩相为主的区域动力热流变质作用，变质温度约为５３０－６００℃，压力约为４００－５７０ＭＰａ。根据岩石组合及岩石地球化学特征．推测该群形成于大陆边缘环境。  相似文献