北京大学AMS ¹⁴ C 国际比对样品测量^*   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘克新  丁杏芳  傅东坡  潘岩  吴小红  周力平  郭之虞 《第四纪研究》2007,27(3):469-473

介绍了北京大学加速器质谱(AMS)实验室参加国际原子能机构 (IAEA) 组织的第五届¹⁴ C国际比对样品测量的过程和结果,包括样品制备、小型¹⁴ C测量加速器质谱计装置和比对测量结果的统计分析等。北京大学的测量结果与IAEA加权统计平均值的偏差在1σ之内, 这一结果较客观地体现了我国¹⁴ C AMS年代测定在国际同类实验室中所处的地位。  相似文献   

Structural,AMS and geochronological study of a laccolith emplaced during Late Variscan orogenic extension: the Rocles pluton (SE French Massif Central)     

E. Be Mezeme  M. Faure  Y. Chen  A. Cocherie  J-Y. Talbot 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2007,96(2):215-228

In the southern French Massif Central, the Rocles leucogranite of Variscan age consists of three petrographic facies; textural analysis shows that they experienced the same subsolidus deformation. New chemical U-Th-Pb dating on monazite yielded 324 ± 4 Ma and 325 ± 5 Ma ages for muscovite-rich and biotite-rich facies respectively. AMS-study results agree with petrostructural observations. The magnetic planar and linear fabrics, which correspond to the preferred orientation of biotite and muscovite, are consistent with the foliation and lineation defined by the preferred mineral orientation. This fabric developed during pluton emplacement. The accordance of this granite foliation with that observed in the host rock, suggests that the Rocles pluton is a laccolith, but its present geometry resulted from post-emplacement southward tilting due to the uplift of the Late Carboniferous Velay dome. Restoration of the primary geometry of the pluton and its country-rocks to a flat-lying attitude places the granite lineation close to the trend measured in other plutons of the area. This restoration further supports the interpretation of the Rocles laccolith as a pluton emplaced along a tectonic contact reactivated during the late-orogenic collapse of the Variscan Belt.  相似文献   

Last glacial megafaunal death assemblage and early human occupation at Lake Menindee, southeastern Australia     

Matthew L. Cupper  Jacqui Duncan 《Quaternary Research》2006,66(2):332-341

The Tedford subfossil locality at Lake Menindee preserves a diverse assemblage of marsupials, monotremes and placental rodents. Of the 38 mammal taxa recorded at the site, almost a third are of extinct megafauna. Some of the bones are articulated or semi-articulated and include almost complete skeletons, indicating that aeolian sediments rapidly buried the animals following death. New optical ages show the site dates to the early part of the last glacial (55,700 ± 1300 yr weighted mean age). This is close to the 51,200-39,800 yr Australia-wide extinction age for megafauna suggested by Roberts et al. [2001, Science 292:1888-1892], but like all previous researchers, we cannot conclusively determine whether humans were implicated in the deaths of the animals. Although an intrusive hearth at the site dating to 45,100 ± 1400 yr ago is the oldest evidence of human occupation of the Darling River, no artifacts were identified in situ within the sub-fossil-bearing unit. Non-anthropogenic causes, such as natural senescence or ecosystem stress due to climatic aridity, probably explain the mortality of the faunal assemblage at Lake Menindee.  相似文献   

气溶胶质谱技术在海洋气溶胶亚微米级颗粒物特征的研究进展     

李忠  陈立奇  颜金培 《地球科学进展》2015,30(2):226-236

海洋上空颗粒物(即海洋气溶胶)体系组成和来源非常复杂,它对于大气颗粒物总数贡献非常大,是大气科学及全球变化领域研究的重要组成部分。与传统离线滤膜采样技术相比,气溶胶质谱技术具有灵敏度高、检测效率高、时空分辨率高等特点,已广泛应用于大气细颗粒物的特征和来源判别研究中。综述比较了目前应用最广泛的气溶胶质谱仪(AMS)和气溶胶飞行时间质谱仪(ATOFMS)在岛屿、沿海城市、近海、开阔大洋及南北极地等区域细颗粒物特征的研究进展。指出2种一起联合使用,可以较为全面地观测海洋气溶胶的粒径、化学组分及混合态的特征,为中国近海的雾霾监测网建设和治理空气污染提供一定的科学依据。  相似文献   

Late Quaternary palaeohydrological changes in the large playa Lake Frome in central Australia, recorded from the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca in ostracod valves and biotic remains     

P. De Deckker  J.W. MageeJ.M.G. Shelley 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(1):38-50

The last 42,000 years of hydrological history of Lake Frome, a large playa located in the arid part of northern South Australia, which is hypersaline and most often dry today, is reconstructed using a combination of ostracod assemblages, other microfossil remains, and the trace elemental composition of the selected halobiont ostracod species of Diacypris and Reticypris.The Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca of ostracod valves from 2 cores relate to significant hydrological changes that affected the lake over time. The reconstruction of the Sr/Ca of the lake’s waters, based on the Sr/Ca of ostracod shells, shows that when the lake fills the waters originate mostly from runoff, not from hypersaline waters located below the lake or the surrounding aquifers. The Last Glacial Maximum saw gypsum deflation from the lake.Prior to 25K yBP, Frome had a stable hydrological regime, permanent water and low salinities, with occasional freshwater conditions between 42 and 33K yBP. From 25 to 20.3K yBP, salinities fluctuated and ephemeral conditions operated. After that, until ∼14.8K yBP, a brine pool was located below the lake and was therefore under a different hydrological regime. Between 13 and 11.2K yBP, wet conditions occurred, but such conditions were not seen again during the Holocene.  相似文献   

Preferred mineral orientation of a chloritoid-bearing slate in relation to its magnetic fabric     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2015

A regional analysis of the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility on low-grade metamorphic, chloritoid-bearing slates of the Paleozoic in Central Armorica (Brittany, France) revealed very high values for the degree of anisotropy (up to 1.43). Nonetheless, high-field torque magnetometry indicates that the magnetic fabric is dominantly paramagnetic. Chloritoid's intrinsic degree of anisotropy of 1.47 ± 0.06, suggests that chloritoid-bearing slates can have a high degree of anisotropy without the need of invoking a significant contribution of strongly anisotropic ferromagnetic (s.l.) minerals. To validate this assumption we performed a texture analysis on a representative sample of the chloritoid-bearing slates using hard X-ray synchrotron diffraction. The preferred orientation patterns of both muscovite and chloritoid are extremely strong (∼38.6 m.r.d. for muscovite, 20.9 m.r.d. for chloritoid) and display roughly axial symmetry about the minimum magnetic susceptibility axis, indeed suggesting that chloritoid may have a profound impact on the magnetic fabric of chloritoid-bearing rocks. However, modeling the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility by averaging single crystal properties indicates that the CPO of chloritoid only partially explains the slate's anisotropy.  相似文献   

A tectonic origin of magnetic fabric in the Shemshak Group from Alborz Mts. (northern Iran)     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

The magnetic lineation observed in “undeformed” sedimentary units has been interpreted either as an indication of paleoflow direction, or as a result of tectonic overprint which progressively modifies the original sedimentary fabric related to compactional processes. Distinguishing between the two processes is not always easy. In fact, most studies of the Anistropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) of “undeformed” sequences have been carried out in fine-grained sediments from foredeep sequences, which are characterized by sedimentary flow directions which are almost parallel to the main deformation structures, like thrust faults and folds. In the Alborz Mts., the Upper Triassic–Lower Jurassic Shemshak Group was deposited in a foreland to molassic basin of the Eo-Cimmerian orogen and now outcrops in several folds which are oriented parallel to the curved chain. Paleoflow directions are generally oblique to the main tectonic structures, being directed SSW to SSE and showing negligible changes in their orientation along the Alborz Mountains. We have, therefore, the opportunity to distinguish between tectonic- or sedimentary-related origins of the magnetic lineation. The AMS results show that magnetic lineations of the Shemshak Group are oriented almost parallel to the main fold axes and thrust structures, which follow the Alborz Mts. curved trend, suggesting that magnetic lineation is of tectonic origin in fine to medium grained, mostly massive sandstones, and confirming that AMS is a valuable tool to study deformation processes in sedimentary rocks.  相似文献   

贵州雷公坪山地沼泽泥炭年代学和沉积速率研究     

张辉  李松  司云云  刘蕊  罗璇  何严华 《贵州地质》2021,38(4):382-386

通过对贵州东南部雷公坪泥炭进行年代学和有机碳同位素测定,雷公坪泥炭剖面底部150 cm处年龄为13 360±40 a BP,在中部70 cm处年龄为4 570±30 a BP,顶部10 cm处年龄为420±30 a BP,建立了雷公坪泥炭沉积的年代学序列,计算出泥炭层堆积速率由上至下分别为2381 cm·ka-1、1446 cm·ka-1、910 cm·ka-1。获得泥炭层泥炭有机碳同位素δ13C分别为-275‰、-288‰、-285‰,结合其他区域气候记录推断,说明研究区泥炭发育于相对温暖湿润的气候环境。  相似文献   

南黄海北部晚第四纪底栖有孔虫群落 分布特征及对古冷水团的指示   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

梅西  张训华  李日辉 《地质论评》2013,59(6):1024-1034

底栖有孔虫和粒度分析结果表明,南黄海北部DLC70 3孔（36°38′15″ N,123°32′56″ E,水深7200 m）7120 m长的柱状样保存了130 ka以来的沉积记录。依据349个样品的底栖有孔虫丰度和特征种的分布,结合岩性粒度变化,可识别9个底栖有孔虫组合,对应5个海相层和4个陆相至过渡相层;结合AMS14C和OSL测年数据建立了钻孔晚更新世以来的年代地层,可以与南黄海其他钻孔的地层进行对比。应用属种组合和不同生态种的丰度变化,探讨了研究区末次间冰期以来的古环境变化,认为海平面频繁波动是该地区不同成因类型地层从陆相、潮间、滨岸、滨海、近岸浅海、到浅海反复演替的关键。孔段2040~2780 m（MIS3早期）和5500~7120 m（MIS5e）的底栖有孔虫优势种是 Buccella frigida和Protelphidium tuberculatum,代表了与目前相似的冷涡边缘的冷水环境,指示南黄海古冷水团在MIS5e和MIS3早期高海平面时期已经存在。  相似文献   

黄土剖面古土壤和生物化石14C测年对比   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

杨明生  张虎才  丁虎  雷国良  樊红芳  常凤琴  李斌  张文翔  牛洁  陈玥 《地球科学》2005,30(5):589-596

精确、可靠测定古土壤和生物化石年代是重建环境变化过程、探讨人地关系的关键.研究古土壤中不同组分年代的异同对于分析土壤中碳附存状态和碳储存库十分重要.对甘肃省榆中县境内兴隆山典型黄土剖面采集的动物化石、土壤无机质、土壤有机质3个样品进行常规14C和AMS测年,发现同一地层相同点样品不同组分的测年结果相差悬殊,样品无机质比其有机质年龄(3 682±70)a偏老2 624 a.对其14C测年可靠性对比分析发现,常规14C和AMS对骨骼和牙齿化石测年相差仅为13 a,校正为日历年后几乎相等,认为实验室产生的误差很小,而碳的来源、组成及其"死碳"混入的比例是影响测年结果的主要因素.化石年龄与土壤有机质年龄之间的差别,揭示该剖面可能存在持续时间达千年以上的沉积间断.由于同一层位骨化石、土壤有机质、土壤无机质14C测年结果差异,在进行化石年代确定、考古及古文明研究、生态植被恢复、土壤无机碳存储库研究中,年龄的界定应选择相应的测年数据.  相似文献