平顶山矿区原生结构煤和构造煤孔渗实验对比          下载免费PDF全文

郭德勇  李春娇  张友谊 《地球科学》2014,39(11):1500-1506

为了研究构造煤孔渗变化特性, 利用平顶山矿区原生结构煤和构造煤, 进行了不同围压、温度、湿度和煤体结构类型等条件下孔隙度及渗透率的实验测定, 对煤层孔渗特性在不同条件下的变化趋势进行了分析.结果表明: 围压、温度、湿度和煤体结构类型4种因素对煤的孔隙度和渗透率均有较大影响, 当温度和围压同时作用时, 围压的作用效果大于温度的作用效果.并用Origin软件对部分实验数据进行了数据拟合, 得出原生结构煤和构造煤的渗透率-孔隙度函数关系.   相似文献   

Evaluation of pile foundation response to lateral spreading   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Tarek Abdoun  Ricardo Dobry 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):1051-1058

The effects of liquefaction on deep foundations are very damaging and costly, and they keep recurring in many earthquakes. The first part of the paper reviews the field experience of deep foundations affected by liquefaction during earthquakes in the last few decades, as well as the main lessons learned. The second part of the paper presents results of physical modeling of deep foundations in the presence of liquefaction conducted by the authors and others at the 100g-ton RPI centrifuge. In the last decade centrifuge modeling has been identified as a key tool to identify and quantify mechanisms, calibrate analyses and evaluate retrofitting strategies for pile foundations. Results are presented of centrifuge models of instrumented pile foundations subjected to lateral spreading, including single pile and pile groups, 2- and 3-layer soil profiles, mass and stiffening elements above ground to incorporate the effect of the superstructure, and evaluation of proposed retrofitting strategies. Interpretations of these centrifuge experiments and their relation to field observations and soil properties.  相似文献   

Influence of the ground profile on the reduction of earthquake motion at the filled man-made islands in the Kobe harbor during the 1995 Hyogoken Nambu earthquake     

Tadahiro Fukusumi  Hitodhi Ozaki  Masao Koba   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):893-899

During the 1995 Hyogoken Nambu earthquake in Kobe, the ground motion at the filled man-made islands in the Kobe harbor was not as severe as that at the mainland. The building damage was also less compared to that on the mainland. It was found by comparative study of earthquake records that the magnitude of acceleration response on the ground surface decreases at the islands as opposed to the mainland. One dimensional effective stress analysis is adopted in this study. Input data has been generated from test results, e.g. the SPT N-value by standard penetration test and shear wave velocity V_s by PS logging. Results obtained by the analyses showed good agreement with the observed records, which is an indication of the suitability of the adopted analysis procedure. From this study, the followings are concluded. By the increase of SPT N-value of the filled layers, liquefaction near ground surface is restrained and damage modes such as ejection of water and soil can be prevented. Since the ground profile at the islands is that considerably soft filled layer and marine clay layers, etc. are present and the thickness of the surface layer is large, the initial natural period of the ground is above 1 s and the natural period is elongated further under the earthquake excitation, which is deemed to be the principal reason for the reduction of the earthquake motion at the ground surface.  相似文献   

Flow and deformation failure of sandy slopes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

G. Biondi  E. Cascone  M. Maugeri 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):1103-1114

The effects of earthquake induced pore pressure on seismic and post seismic stability conditions of cohesionless slopes are investigated with reference to the infinite slope scheme. In cohesionless slopes the shear strength reduction caused by pore pressure build-up may lead the slope to a deformation failure or to a flow failure if liquefaction conditions are approached. Two critical values of the seismic induced pore pressure ratio are introduced to evaluate the effect of shear strength reduction on the slope failure mechanism. The results are given in the form of stability charts and a procedure for the evaluation of the seismic stability condition is described. The procedure gives useful information about the failure mechanism that slopes may exhibit and the displacement analysis which should be carried out.  相似文献   

高温高压实验弹性波速研究及其地球动力学意义   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

马麦宁  白武明 《地球物理学进展》1999,14(1):40-55

本文在收集，整理国内外有关高温高压实验岩石，矿物弹性波速研究资料的基础上，对高温高压实验弹性波速研究的目的，内容进行了概述，并对国内外这一领域研究的历史，现状及有关实验技术方法进行了综述，其中重点介绍了我国在高温高压岩石波速研究方面的进展及所取得的成就，并对高温高压弹性波速研究的地球动力学意义进行了讨论。  相似文献   

高温高压下岩石弹性波速特征及其在深部地质研究中的意义   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

刘永祥  吴福元 《地球物理学进展》1995,10(3):82-94

本文收集、整理、研究了７０年代以来的高温高压下岩石的Ｖｐ，Ｖｓ，Ｖｐ／Ｖｓ，Ｖｐ各向异性等实验资料后得出：（１）低压下岩石Ｖｐ的急剧变化是由岩石中裂纹与孔隙等引起的；（２）温度升高可增大由岩石组构引起的Ｖｐ各向异性的变化率；（３）同种岩石在不同的大地构造环境中具有不同的波速值与变化规律；（４）Ｖｐ在高地温区随温度先降低而后升高，其原因是由矿物相变造成的，与地壳中低速带的性质相当。文章最后讨论了实测波速转换为岩石类型时实验研究岩石波速的意义。  相似文献   

0.6～2.0GPa压力下部分熔融角闪辉长岩的纵波波速     

蒋玺  安邦  唐波  黄扬 《岩石矿物学杂志》2013,32(4):505-514

利用超声波透射-反射法,测量了0.6～2.0 GPa、最高1 085℃条件下角闪辉长岩的纵波波速(vp),详细统计了部分熔融阶段实验产物组分的体积百分含量,利用矿物含量和弹性参数,计算了角闪辉长岩的纵波波速.实验测量和理论计算显示了较一致的vp-t关系,即高压下角闪辉长岩的vp随温度升高先缓慢降低,在温度约800～900℃后转而大幅下降.实验产物显示,样品在温度达812℃(0.6 GPa)、865℃(1.0 GPa)和919℃(2.0 GPa)后发生矿物脱水和部分熔融,熔体含量随温度升高显著增加.熔体是导致高温阶段岩石vp快速降低的主要原因.在初熔阶段vp随熔体增加而降低尤为显著,可能是初熔时矿物脱水生成的自由水及含水量高的熔体,以微细熔体薄膜浸润矿物边界或裂隙所导致.  相似文献   

高压力下原状层间错动带三轴不排水剪切特性及其影响因素分析     

赵阳  周辉  冯夏庭  崔玉军  江权  高红  江亚丽  黄可 《岩土力学》2013,34(2):365-371

针对某大型水电站揭露的原状层间错动带试样,模拟现场快速施工可能会产生的不排水边界条件,在围压5～30 MPa的高压力条件下开展了不固结不排水三轴试验,并结合试样物理性质的差异,分析讨论了原状层间错动带的力学特性。试样试验曲线和破坏模式主要由高围压控制：其应力-应变关系曲线均为应变硬化型且破坏后呈腰鼓状为塑性破坏。此外,较湿颗粒发生了大规模的颗粒破碎,其是造成高饱和度试样强度包线的趋势线随围压降低的根本原因。试验结果明显受物理性质影响造成了试验数据离散性,敏感性分析表明,围压P和饱和度 对初始弹性模量 和破坏强度 的影响最大,其次是孔隙比e,颗粒粒径（ ）分布对其影响程度最小。根据试样剪切特性建立的强度特征（ 和 ）初步预测公式可供实际工程参考。  相似文献   

基于弹性力学的诱导劈裂注浆机制分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄明利  管晓明  吕奇峰 《岩土力学》2013,34(7):2059-2064

针对隧道内水平超前劈裂注浆中浆液劈裂方向随机性的问题,提出一种诱导劈裂注浆方法,可以控制和改变浆液的劈裂方向。首先,基于弹性力学理论及其基本假定,分析竖向地应力大于水平地应力条件下对单一土层进行劈裂注浆时浆液沿竖向劈裂的力学机制,在此基础上探讨改变浆液劈裂方向为水平劈裂的必要性和诱导方法,并从应力集中的角度分析诱导劈裂注浆的力学机制;其次,采用有限元法研究注浆孔孔周劈裂方向控制点的应力随侧向压力系数和诱导孔与注浆孔间距变化而变化的情况,得出实现诱导劈裂注浆时两孔间距及侧向压力系数应满足的条件,并拟合两孔间距临界值的计算公式。结果表明：在离注浆孔上、下方4倍注浆孔径以内对称布设诱导孔,改变了注浆孔孔周劈裂方向控制点的应力场。当两孔间距小于实现诱导的临界距离值时,注浆孔孔周控制点的应力大小发生转换,浆液的劈裂方向发生改变,将沿水平方向劈裂。诱导孔与注浆孔间距的临界值会随着侧向压力系数的增大而逐渐增大。  相似文献   

不同压裂介质影响下绝对应力测值的试验研究     

周龙寿  丁立丰  郭啟良 《岩土力学》2013,34(10):2869-2876

为研究不同压裂介质影响下的绝对应力测值,利用大尺寸真三轴模拟水压致裂试验系统,用清水及密度分别为1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4 g/cm3的泥浆介质对400 mm×400 mm×400 mm的花岗岩试样进行了水压致裂室内试验,成功获取了连续的压力-时间曲线。利用6种方法识别压力-时间曲线的闭合压力点,与实加最小水平主应力（ 5 MPa）对比,得出单切线等4种方法较为符合实际情况;在考虑试验系统柔度影响前提下,对比了实测和理论重张压力;最后分析了在持续泵压作用下岩石裂缝延伸的压力。试验结果表明,密度为1.1、1.2 g/cm3的泥浆介质对压力特征参数的取值影响较小,误差不超过1 MPa,但密度为1.3、1.4 g/cm3的泥浆介质对特征参数值影响很大。试验结果对水压致裂地应力测量技术在不同压裂介质影响下的适用性有重要的指导意义。  相似文献