River meander dynamics: developments in modelling and empirical analyses     

J.M. Hooke  E. Gautier  G. Zolezzi 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(11):1550-1553

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哈尔滨地区冷涡系统产生冰雹的雷达回波特征     

石慕真  庞博  孙琪  赵广娜 《黑龙江气象》2011,28(3):1-2

对2001-2007年黑龙江省南部地区降雹资料进行综合分析,总结出了降雹的天气类型、物理机制及雷达回波特征,总结了不同降雹类型预报着眼点、配合的降水量及其它灾害天气。  相似文献   

基于ERA40资料的边界层厚度气候特征分析     

王学忠  胡邦辉  李昀英 《气象科学》2011,31(3):339-346

为了解边界层厚度的大尺度分布及其气候循环特征,基于逐日ERA 40 再分析边界层厚度资料,采用统计学方法计算边界层厚度分4个时次的季节循环、年较差等气候特征场,对全球边界层厚度分布及其季节演变特征进行了研究。结果表明：全球较厚的边界层分布与大地形、沙漠等下垫面的分布有直接联系;陆地强边界层分布存在“08时”现象,即陆地较厚边界层中心分布在当地时间08时经线附近;在大洋上南北纬30°~40°两条纬度带内边界层厚度的月尺度内变率较大,与大气强斜压性的天气系统活跃区一致;月平均日较差的年循环特征存在着季节性南北进退的现象。研究结果对于全面认识和科学利用ERA 40逐日边界层再分析资料有一定帮助。  相似文献   

2009年初内蒙古降水分布特征与成因     

姜学恭  李彰俊  王春燕  胡英华  吴向东 《气象科技》2011,39(1):56-60

利用观测资料及NCEP再分析资料对2009年1—2月内蒙古地区降水异常的成因进行了初步分析。结果表明：2009年1—2月内蒙古西部、中部、东部偏南地区降水明显偏少,内蒙古东部偏北地区降水出现一定程度的增加。500 hPa高度距平特征表现为：以45°N为界,其南北两侧分别为正负距平区。这一环流特征是导致内蒙古东部偏北地区降水增多的原因之一,但对内蒙古中西部及东部偏南地区的降水异常并没有决定性的影响。内蒙古中部地区湿度条件和动力抬升条件均不利于降水,因而形成异常干旱;内蒙古东部偏南地区动力抬升条件有利于降水,但湿度条件不利于降水,实况降水的减少表明湿度条件是影响该地区降水的关键因素;内蒙古东北部地区湿度条件接近常年,而动力抬升条件明显有利于降水,因而导致降水增多。  相似文献   

闽西北冰雹的时空特征与天气形势分析     

王宏  林长城  郑丽萍  陈彬彬  余永江 《气象科技》2011,39(6):785-790

利用1990—2008年常规观测资料和850 hPa、500 hPa高空资料,分析了闽西北冰雹的时空分布特征和有利于产生冰雹的天气型。结果表明,闽西北是福建省冰雹多发区,近年来降雹呈明显减少趋势;月变化呈现一大明显单峰（4月）和两小双峰（7月、11月）现象,主要发生时次在14：00—20：00;连续降雹日数以孤立日为主,每次降雹以1～2站次较为多见;11至翌年5月,有利于产生冰雹的天气型（850 hPa）为暖切适中型、低涡冷切适中型,冷切适中型和低槽偏东型;冷切偏西和暖切偏北型降雹发生概率较适中型低,较偏南型高;74.1%的雹日伴有低空西南急流,并以急流适中和偏北型居多;大于等于3站次降雹的主导天气形势为暖切适中型、低涡冷切适中型,81.5%伴有低空西南急流;6—9月有利于产生冰雹的天气型（500 hPa）为副热带高压边缘型和副热带小高压型,发生较大范围冰雹的可能性小。  相似文献   

2010年玉树MS7.1地震前的中长期加速矩释放(AMR)问题   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

蒋长胜  吴忠良 《地球物理学报》2011,54(6):1501-1510

2010年4月14日青海玉树MS7.1地震前的加速矩释放(AMR)现象的研究,对理解这次地震的孕震过程、对于时间相依的地震危险性分析(或中长期地震预测)具有重要意义.鉴于以往AMR研究中的争论,本文不刻意选取AMR分析的时空尺度,而是在已知发震时刻和震中位置情况下,对T-R-MC三维空间中矩释放指数m值的分布进行分析,...  相似文献   

Modelling controls on aeolian dune‐field pattern evolution     

ERIN EASTWOOD  JOANNA NIELD  ANDREAS BAAS  GARY KOCUREK 《Sedimentology》2011,58(6):1391-1406

A second‐generation, source‐to‐sink cellular automaton‐based model presented here captures and quantifies many of the factors controlling the evolution of aeolian dune‐field patterns by varying only a small number of parameters. The role of sediment supply, sediment availability and transport capacity (together defined as sediment state) in the development and evolution of an aeolian dune‐field pattern over long time scales is quantified from model simulations. Seven dune‐field patterns can be classified from simulation results varying the sediment supply and transport capacity that control the type and frequency of dune interactions, the sediment availability of the system and, ultimately, the development of dune‐field patterns. This model allows predictions to be made about the range of sediment supply and wind strengths required to produce the dune‐field patterns seen in the real world. A new clustered dune‐field pattern is identified from model results and used to propose an alternative mechanism for the formation of superimposed dunes. Bedforms are hypothesized to cluster together, simultaneously forming two spatial scales of bedforms without first developing a large basal dune with small superimposed dunes. Manipulation of boundary conditions produces evolving dune fields with different spatial configurations of sediment supply. Trends of spacing and crest length increase with decreasing variability as the dune field matures. This simple model is a valuable tool which can be used to elucidate the dominant control of aeolian sediment state on the construction and evolution of aeolian dune‐field patterns.  相似文献   

利用方式对东北黑土粘土矿物组成的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑庆福  赵兰坡  冯君  王鸿斌  李春林 《矿物学报》2011,31(1):139-145

土地利用方式是影响土壤可持续利用的重要因素。粘土矿物是土壤重要的活泼物质,会受利用方式的影响而发生改变。为了揭示利用方式对土壤粘土矿物的影响,对不同利用方式下的东北黑土进行土壤理化特性及粘粒XRD分析。结果表明:荒地、旱田(大豆)、旱田(玉米)、水田利用的土壤矿物颗粒的风化依次增强,伊利石的含量和结晶度也依次降低。经水田利用后的黑土,粘土矿物的演变过程为:云母→伊利石→蛭石和绿泥石。定量结果表明黑土水田利用会出现蛭石绿泥石化现象。综合说明旱田利用会使土壤结构破坏以及水土流失加剧,而水田利用则能较好的协调土壤理化性质,可较大程度的改良土壤。  相似文献   

靖边气田北部上古生界储层微观孔隙结构及其对生产动态影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

魏虎  孙卫  屈乐  晏宁平  吕建 《地质科技情报》2011,30(2):85-90

靖边气田北部盒8、山1段砂岩气藏气井投产存在井筒积液、稳产时间短等问题.通过扫描电镜、铸体薄片、常规压汞等技术对储层岩样进行了测试分析,研究了岩石学特征和孔隙类型.将其微观孔隙结构分为4类并研究了微观孔隙结构特征和气井生产动态的关系.研究表明,盒8、山1段储层的孔隙类型主要为溶孔、晶间微孔,孔隙组合类型主要为晶间微孔、...  相似文献   

The application of geochemical pattern recognition to regional prospecting: A case study of the Sanandaj–Sirjan metallogenic zone,Iran     

Seyed Ahmad Meshkani  Behzad Mehrabi  Abdolmajid Yaghubpur  Younes Fadakar Alghalandis 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2011

In regional exploration programs, the distribution of elements in known mineral deposits can be used as a guide for the classification of deposits, search for new prospects and modeling ore deposit patterns. The Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (SSZ) is a major metallogenic zone in Iran, containing lead and zinc, iron, gold, copper deposits. In the central part of the SSZ, lead and zinc mineralization is widespread and hitherto exploration has been based on geological criteria. In this study, we used clustering techniques applied to element distribution for classification lead and zinc deposits in the central part of the SSZ. The hierarchical clustering technique was used to characterize the elemental pattern. Elements associated with lead and zinc deposits were separated into four clusters, encompassing both ore elements and their host rock-forming elements. It is shown that lead and zinc deposits in the central SSZ belong to two genetic groups: a MVT type hosted by limestone and dolomites and a SEDEX type hosted by shale, volcanic rocks and sandstone. The results of elemental clustering were used for pattern recognition by the K-means method and the respective deposits were classified into four distinct categories. K-means clustering also reveals that the elemental associations and spatial distribution of the lead and zinc deposits exhibit zoning in the central part of the SSZ. The ratios of ore-forming elements (Sb, Cd, and Zn) vs. (Pb and Ag) show zoning along an E–W trend, while host rock-forming elements (Mn, Ca, and Mg) vs. (Ba and Sr) show a zoning along a SE–NW trend. Large and medium deposits occur mainly in the center of the studied area, which justify further exploration around occurrences and abandoned mines in this area. The application of a pattern recognition method based on geochemical data from known mineralization in the central SSZ, and the classification derived from it, uncover elemental zoning, identify key elemental associations for further geochemical exploration and the potential to discover possible target areas for large to medium size ore deposits. This methodology can be applied in a similar way to search for new ore deposits in a wide range of known metallogenic zones.  相似文献