渤海沉积记录的末次冰期千年尺度古环境与古气候变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方文丽  姚政权  石学法  葛晨东  乔淑卿  李小艳  董智  王颖 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2019,39(3):61-71

末次冰期千年尺度古气候变化事件在全球大部分载体中均有不同程度的记录,但在海岸带-陆架区的沉积记录中该事件还未见有报道。对取自渤海的BH08孔上部26m的岩芯进行了高分辨率粒度测试与分析,结合AMS 14C测年结果和微体古生物特征,探讨了研究区末次冰期以来古环境和古气候变化。运用粒级-标准偏差法对粒度数据进行研究,发现BH08孔敏感组分(88.4~148.7μm)的变化记录了末次冰期D-O(Dansgarrd-Oeschger)旋回冷暖事件:在暖期时敏感粒级粗组分(88.4~148.7μm)的含量低,而在冷期时含量高,且可以与反映东亚夏季风的指标对应。在暖期时,强盛的夏季风带来丰富的降水,增加的径流可以将粗粒沉积物搬运至更远的下游区,且暖湿气候有利于植被的发育,使得流域内粗粒沉积物减少;而在冷期呈现相反的变化趋势。我们推测,在末次冰期低海面的背景下,格陵兰和北大西洋等高纬地区气候变化导致大气环流和/或洋流系统发生改变,从而对东亚夏季风降水的调控造成河流输入物质的变化可能是造成BH08岩芯敏感组分变化的主要原因。  相似文献   

西菲律宾海26万年来古生产力变化的颗石藻证据     

安佰正  李铁刚  刘健  孙晗杰  徐兆凯  唐正  赵京涛 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2019,(3):113-121

基于国际海洋古全球变化研究项目(IMAGES)在西菲律宾海本哈姆海台获取的高质量柱状沉积物岩芯MD06-3047(17°00.44′N、124°47.93′E),利用颗石藻下透光带属种Florisphaera profunda的相对丰度以及初级生产力转换函数,恢复了260 ka以来西菲律宾海上部水体营养跃层以及初级生产力的变化历史。发现该区域26万年以来初级生产力冰期-间冰期变化特征较不明显,冰期生产力平均值略高于间冰期。通过与前人已发表的指示东亚冬季风强弱的伊利石/蒙脱石记录和热带太平洋纬向表层海水温度梯度记录的对比,提出MIS 8期以来,热带西菲律宾海古生产力变化的主要受控因素在MIS 5a左右发生明显转变。在MIS 8后期至MIS 5a之间,初级生产力受到长期类ENSO过程的影响较为显著,当热带东西太平洋海水表层温度梯度较小的时期,认为热带太平洋处于类El Niňo状态,此时西菲律宾海营养跃层相对较浅,生产力较高,反之则相反。而在MIS 5末期至末次冰消期时段,生产力受东亚冬季风的影响相对于长期ENSO过程更强,可能掩盖了后者的古生产力信号。冰期东亚冬季风加强,一方面,可以引起上部水体混合加强,增加下部营养物质向上的输送,另一方面大量风尘物质的输入可以刺激颗石藻的生长;反之在冰消期,水体混合较弱,风尘输入显著减少,生产力也随之降低。  相似文献   

Rare-earth element geochemistry reveals the provenance of sediments on the southwestern margin of the Challenger Deep     

JIANG Zuzhou  SUN Zhilei  LIU Zhaoqing  CAO Hong  GENG Wei  XU Haixia  WANG Lisheng  WANG Libo 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(3):998-1009

The hadal zone represents one of the last great frontiers in modern marine science,and deciphering the provenance of sediment that is supplied to these trench settings remains a largely unanswered question.Here,we examine the mineralogical and geochemical composition of a sediment core(core CD-1)that was recovered from the southwestern margin of the Challenger Deep within the Mariana Trench.Major element abundances and rare-earth element patterns from these sediments require inputs from both terrigenous dust and locally sourced volcanic debris.We exploit a two-endmember mixing model to demonstrate that locally sourced volcanic material dominates the sediment supply to the Challenger Deep(averaging^72%).The remainder,however,is supplied by aeolian dust(averaging^28%),which is consistent with adjacent studies that utilized Sr-Nd isotopic data.Building on a growing database,we strengthen our understanding of Asian aeolian dust input into the northwestern Pacific,which ultimately improves our appreciation of sedimentation in,and around,the hadal zone.  相似文献   

晚侏罗世东亚多向汇聚构造体系的形成与变形特征   总被引：47，自引：2，他引：47  

董树文  张岳桥  陈宣华  龙长兴  王涛  杨振宇  胡健民 《地球学报》2008,29(3):306-317

板块构造研究成果与同位素精确定年数据的积累,使我们对发生在中国东部的晚侏罗世-早白垩世东亚多向汇聚作用有了深刻的认识.全球三大洋在晚侏罗世(165±5)Ma近乎同时的开启,以及东亚周边占太平洋、新特提斯洋和蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的俯冲消亡,在中国中东部和东亚地区形成了多向挤压汇聚的燕山期构造体系,即东业多向汇聚构造体系(简称东亚汇聚).东亚汇聚启动了经典的燕山运动,发育了独特的构造变形特征.东亚汇聚构造体系具有两个近乎稳定的刚性陆核,即鄂尔多斯地块和四川(盆地)地块,在它们的周缘形成了晚侏罗世-早白垩世陆内多向挤压变形和似前陆盆地,如大巴山晚侏罗世前陆.此外,东亚多向汇聚构造体系影响了东亚和中亚大部分地区的板内变形作用,在中国大陆及其周边形成了反映南北向挤压的蒙古弧共轭走滑断裂系统、燕山-阴山陆内造山带、大别山-大巴山侏罗纪陆内造山带等典型的燕山期构造带.东亚汇聚具有深刻的全球构造背景与动力来源,是重要的科学研究问题.  相似文献   

菲律宾海沉积物中石英的来源及其搬运方式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱潇  蒋富清  冯旭光  董江  刘喜停  王红莉  李安春 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(6):1190-1202

为了识别菲律宾海沉积物中风尘信号和源区,以及沉积物的搬运方式,取菲律宾海沉积物中的石英,系统研究了石英的粒度组成、形貌特征、氧同位素特征和结晶度指数。菲律宾海中远离岛弧和海脊的石英粒度较细,西菲律宾海中石英主要由EM1(众数粒径平均为2.9μm)、EM2(众数粒径平均8.17μm)和EM3(众数粒径平均为21.67μm)三个端元组成,东菲律宾海中主要由EM1和EM2两个端元组成。靠近岛弧和海脊的石英粒度较粗,吕宋岛附近的石英具有众数粒径平均为103μm的EM4端元。EM1端元石英表面有明显的碰撞凹坑, EM2端元石英有溶蚀孔洞, EM3端元石英呈棱角状,表面相对光滑。包含EM1端元的石英的δ18O值和结晶度指数与塔克拉玛干沙漠中相同粒级石英的特征相近,不包含EM1端元的石英的δ18O值和结晶度指数与火山岛弧来源的石英特征相近。综合分析表明,EM1端元的石英为主要来自于塔克拉玛干沙漠的风尘石英,经由盛行西风搬运至太平洋,并由南向或西南向的风搬运,最终在菲律宾海沉积。EM2和EM3端元石英主要来源于太平洋火山岛弧,其中, EM2端元的石英经历了强烈的化学风化,经河流或洋流输送到研究区; EM3端元的石英没有经历长距离运输,可能是附近岩石风化的产物。  相似文献   

THE EFFECTS OF TIBETAN PLATEAU ON THE ANOMALOUS VARIATION OF ASIAN MONSOON IN A COUPLED OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wu Aiming  Ni Yunqi 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1999,13(1):21-34

Experimental predictions with a hybrid coupled ocean-atmosphere model(L9R15 AGCM-ZCocean model)were performed for the 1986/87 El Nino event and the 1988/89 La Nina event withand without the Tibetan Plateau respectively(called TP FORC and NTP FORC hereinafter).Comparison shows that,to some extent,the existence of the Tibetan Plateau orography weakensor restrains(strengthens or facilitates)the formation of the anomalous circulation of Asianmonsoon during El Nino(La Nina)period.Opposite results are found in the uncoupled AGCMsimulation.  相似文献   

关于亚洲夏季风爆发及北半球季节突变的物理机理的诊断分析:Ⅱ青藏高原及邻近地区地表感热加热的作用   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

张永生  吴国雄 《气象学报》1999,57(1):56-73

本文是系列文章的第二篇,首先分析了１９８９年亚洲夏季风爆发时期青藏高原及邻近地区地表感热通量和大气温度场季节变化的基本特征,着重讨论了春季高原地表感热加热和亚洲季风爆发的联系,然后分析了１９８０～１９８９年１０ａ南海季风爆发的气候学特征。上述工作表明,在春末初夏过渡季节,高原上空大气温度变化出现阶段性的跃升,并同亚洲夏季风阶段性的爆发有很好的对应关系。高原地表感热通量的持续增大导致了对流层高层局地反气旋式扰动环流的出现,使南亚反气旋北进的过程明显受到高原局地热力环流的调制,而热带东风急流入口区所产生的强烈的高层辐散,提供了有利于热带季风对流在南海地区首先爆发的动力学条件。此外,从５月份至６月中下旬,青藏高原、伊朗—阿富汗上空强大暖中心相继建立的结果,直接导致了热带地区上空大气南北温度梯度的反向依次在南海—孟加拉湾东部和阿拉伯海—印度次大陆由东向西相继建立,从而决定了亚洲季风建立的过程在不同地区爆发的时间不同。  相似文献   

Eolian evidence from the Chinese Loess Plateau: the onset of the Late Cenozoic Great Glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau uplift forcing   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Zhisheng An  Sumin Wang  Xihao Wu  Mingyang Chen  Donghuai Sun  Xiuming Liu  Fubao Wang  Li Li  Youbin Sun  Weijian Zhou  Jie Zhou  Xiaodong Liu  Huayu Lu  Yunxiang Zhang  Guangrong Dong  Xiaoke Qiang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1999,42(3):258-271

On the basis of a newly-constructed record of magnetic susceptibility (SUS) and the depositional rate change of eolian loess-red clay sequences in the last 7.2 Ma BP from the hea Plateau, together with a cornperison of a record of °¹⁸O values from the equatorial East Pacific Ocean and eolian Quartz flux variations fmm the North Pacific Ocean, the evolutiomuy process of the Late Cenozoic Great Glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere can be divided into three stages: the arrival stage around 7.2–3.4 Ma BP, the initial stage at about 3.4—2.6 Ma BP, and the Great Ice Age since 2.6 Ma BP. The evolution of the East Asian monsoon is characterized by paid winter and summer monsoons, and it is basically composed of the initial stage of weak winter and summer monsoons, the transitional stage of simultaneous increase in intensity of winter and summer monsoons, and the prevailing stage of strong winter and week summer monsoons, or weak winter and strong summer monsoons. The Late Cenowic global tectonic uplift, paaicdarly the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau uplift and the associated CO₂ concentration variation, controls the dng processes of the onset of Great Glaciation and the long-term changes of East Asian monsoom climate in the Northern Hemisphere to a large extent. The accelerating uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau between 3.4 and 2.6 Ma BP provided an important driving force to global climiatic change. Project supported by the foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZ951-A1-402), the State Science and Technology Committee (Grant No. 95-pre-40)and the Chinese Nature Science Foundation (Grant No. 49672140)  相似文献   

Linkage between the second uplifting of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau and the initiation of the Asian monsoon system   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Yafeng Shi  Maocang Tang  Yuzhen Ma 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1999,42(3):303-312

During the period from 25 to 17 Ma BP, when the second plateau uplifting, i.e. the second phase of the Himalaya movement, occurred, the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau reached an altitude high enough to chbge the situation of the general circulation. Such an effect of the plateau on the atmospheric circulation was accompanied by the warrning of the tropical ocean, the enhancement of the cross equatorial current, the enlargement of the marginal sea basins in the east-southeastern Asia, the westward extending of the Asian continent and the regression of the Paratethys Sea. As a result, the thermal difference was enlarged, and the air currents were enhanced between continents and oceans; finally the Asian monsoon system, mainly the summer monsoon, was initiated. The former planet wind system was then substituted by the monsoon system, and this caused the important environmental changes, such as the large shrinkage of the dry steppe in Central Asia, and the extension of the humid forest zone in East Asia. Thme changes have been dated at 21.8 Ma BP on the Lingxia profile in the northeastern border of the Tibet Plateau, when the savanna was transformed into the forest. Project supported by the National Climbing Project and Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZ951-A1-204)  相似文献   

河北坝上高原土壤风蚀物垂直分布的初步研究   总被引：31，自引：4，他引：27  

哈斯 《中国沙漠》1997,17(1):9-14

根据河北坝上高原农田土壤风蚀物的观测与采样分析结果,风蚀物含量随高度的增加,在0~20 cm高度内以指数函数规律递减,反映了以跃移质为主的风沙流结构;在20~100 cm高度内以幂函数规律递减,反映的是悬移质为主的风沙流结构。在风蚀物粒度组成中,随高度增加,砂级颗粒含量减少而粉砂及粘土含量增多;随风速与输沙率的增加,砂级颗粒含量增多而粉砂及粘土含量减少。对风蚀物各粒级含量与高度的相关分析表明:易以迁移形式运动的粒径0.25~0.1 mm土粒百分量以幂函数形式向上递减;沉降速度较低的粒径<0.1 mm土粒百分含量成幂函数形式向上递增。此外,风蚀物平均粒径随高度变细且在50 cm处细于0.1 mm,因此,土壤颗粒成为悬移物质而上升到50 cm以上高度时可能搬运到较远的地区。  相似文献