Possible Origins of the Western Pacific Warm Pool Decadal Variability   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GAN Bolan  WU Lixin 《大气科学进展》2012,29(1):169-176

In this study,the impacts of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) on the western Pacific warm pool (WPWP) were investigated.Our results show that the WPWP is linked with the PDO and the AMO at multiple time scales.On the seasonal time scales,the WPWP and the PDO/AMO reinforce each other,while at decadal time scales the forcing roles of the PDO and the AMO dominate.Notably,a positive PDO tends to enlarge the WPWP at both seasonal and decadal time scales,while a positive AMO tends to reduce the WPWP at decadal time scales.Furthermore,the decadal variability of the WPWP can be well predicted based on the PDO and AMO.  相似文献   

On the Differences and Climate Impacts of Early and Late Stratospheric Polar Vortex Breakup   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

LI Lin  LI Chongyin  PAN Jing  TAN Yanke 《大气科学进展》2012,29(5):1119-1128

The stratospheric polar vortex breakup (SPVB) is an important phenomenon closely related to the seasonal transition of stratospheric circulation. In this paper, 62-year NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data were employed to investigate the distinction between early and late SPVB. The results showed that the anomalous circulation signals extending from the stratosphere to the troposphere were reversed before and after early SPVB, while the stratospheric signals were consistent before and after the onset of late SPVB. Arctic Oscillation (AO) evolution during the life cycle of SPVB also demonstrated that the negative AO signal can propagate downward after early SPVB. Such downward AO signals could be identified in both geopotential height and temperature anomalies. After the AO signal reached the lower troposphere, it influenced the Aleutian Low and Siberian High in the troposphere, leading to a weak winter monsoon and large-scale warming at mid latitudes in Asia. Compared to early SPVB, downward propagation was not evident in late SPVB. The high-latitude tropospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere was affected by early SPVB, causing it to enter a summer circulation pattern earlier than in late SPVB years.  相似文献   

The COWL Pattern Identified with a Large AO Index and Its Impact on Annular Surface Temperature Anomalies          下载免费PDF全文

SHI Ning  BUEH Cholaw 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2012,26(4):410-419

In this study, the cold ocean/warm land (COWL) pattern was identified from the leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF) of the monthly 1000-hPa geopotential height field poleward of 20 N. Traditionally, the leading EOF has been recognized as the Arctic Oscillation (AO), or Northern Annular Mode (NAM), which causes annular surface air temperature (SAT) anomalies over high-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere. A new finding of the present study is that the total AO events defined by the large AO index actually include a distinct type of events that are characterized by a less-annular spatial structure, i.e., the COWL pattern, which shows an NAO-like distribution in the Atlantic sector and a center of action over the North Pacific with the same sign as that over the Arctic. In addition, unlike canonical AO events, the COWL events also show a less-annular pattern in the stratosphere. Statistically, at least one-third of the AO events can be categorized as the COWL events. The SAT anomalies associated with the COWL pattern have an annular distribution over the high-latitude region of the two continents in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, if the COWL events are removed from the total AO events, the remainder shows less annular SAT anomalies. Thus, the typical annular SAT anomalies associated with AO events are in large part due to the contribution of the COWL pattern. Furthermore, the monthly variability and the interannual variability of all the AO events are equally important.  相似文献   

热带大气季节内振荡(MJO)实时监测预测业务   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

贾小龙  袁媛  任福民  张勤 《气象》2012,38(4):425-431

参考目前国际上普遍认可的Wheeler和Hendon设计的MJO监测指标,设计了适合开展实时业务监测的MJO计算方法,初步在国家气候中心建立了逐日的MJO实时监测业务,通过与国外同类监测结果的比较分析表明,监测指标可以很好地描述MJO的强度和传播特征,与国外同类监测产品有很好的一致性。另外,引入了两种统计方法进行了针对MJO指数的实时预测,对预测结果的检验表明,对MJO在两周内有较好的预测技巧,其中利用滞后线性回归方法（PCL）的预测技巧要高于自回归模型（ARM）。  相似文献   

冬季北大西洋涛动对中国春季降水异常的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

邵太华  张耀存 《高原气象》2012,31(5):1225-1233

利用中国397个测站降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用相关分析、合成分析等方法,研究了冬季北大西洋涛动(NAO)对我国春季降水的影响。结果表明,我国春季降水与前期冬季NAO关系密切,冬季NAO偏强(弱)时,我国东部南方地区春季降水偏多(少),北方地区春季降水偏少(多)。冬季NAO信号通过波列形式传播至东亚地区,使得春季东亚副热带急流和温带急流发生变化,冬季NAO偏强(弱)时,春季东亚副热带西风急流增强(减弱),温带急流减弱(增强)。进一步分析表明,冬季NAO异常会引起春季乌拉尔山高压脊和东亚大槽的变化,导致东亚对流层上层的温度发生变化,并由此产生经向温度梯度异常,这可能是NAO影响东亚高空急流的原因之一。春季东亚对流层上层的气温变冷(暖),使得东亚地区30°-40°N区域产生下沉(上升)运动,20°-30°N区域产生上升(下沉)运动,最终导致我国东部南方地区春季降水偏多(少)、北方地区春季降水偏少(多)。  相似文献   

东亚冬季风综合指数及其表达的东亚冬季风年际变化特征   总被引：19，自引：4，他引：15  

贺圣平  王会军 《大气科学》2012,36(3):523-538

本文通过多变量经验正交函数展开 (multivariate EOF, 简称 MV-EOF) 研究了东亚冬季风各系统成员的协同关系, 再运用单变量EOF定义单个系统的强度系数。从而给出能够反映东亚冬季风各主要特征及其年际变化、同时包含西伯利亚高压、东亚大槽和纬向风经向切变信息的强度指数 (EAWMII)。分析表明, 这个新指数EAWMII能够很好地反映东亚冬季风在20世纪80年代中期的减弱信号, 并且与大气环流场以及东亚冬季表面温度的变化均显著相关, 能够在很大程度上表征东亚冬季风的综合特征。此外, EAWMII与北极涛动 (Arctic Oscillation, 简称AO) 指数、北太平洋涛动 (North Pacific Oscillation, 简称NPO) 指数和Nio3.4指数相关显著。分析还表明AO和NPO影响东亚冬季气候的区域有所不同: AO主要影响欧亚大陆中、高纬、我国东北以及日本北部等地区, NPO则主要影响华南、华东、朝鲜、韩国以及日本中南部及其附近海域。并且, AO很可能可以通过影响NPO进而影响东亚冬季风。  相似文献   

Quantitative assessment of precipitation seasonality and summer surface wetness using ombrotrophic sediments from an Arctic Norwegian peatland   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jonathan E. Nichols  Marie Walcott  Raymond Bradley  Jon Pilcher  Yongsong Huang   《Quaternary Research》2009,72(3):443-451

Seasonality of precipitation is an important yet elusive climate parameter in paleoclimatological reconstructions. This parameter can be inferred qualitatively from pollen and other paleoecological methods, but is difficult to assess quantitatively. Here, we have assessed seasonality of precipitation and summer surface wetness using compound specific hydrogen and carbon isotope ratios of vascular plant leaf waxes and Sphagnum biomarkers extracted from the sediments of an ombrotrophic peatland, Bøstad Bog, Nordland, Norway. Our reconstructed precipitation seasonality and surface wetness are consistent with regional vegetation reconstructions. During the early Holocene, 11.5–7.5 ka, Fennoscandia experienced a cool, moist climate. The middle Holocene, 7.5–5.5 ka, was warm and dry, transitioning towards cooler and wetter conditions from the mid-Holocene to the present. Changes in seasonality of precipitation during the Holocene show significant coherence with changes in sea surface temperature in the Norwegian Sea, with higher SST corresponding to greater percentage of winter precipitation. Both high SST in the Norwegian Sea and increased moisture delivery to northern Europe during winter are correlated with a strong gradient between the subpolar low and subtropical high over the North Atlantic (positive North Atlantic Oscillation).  相似文献   

ITCZ rather than ENSO signature for abrupt climate changes across the tropical Pacific?     

Guillaume Leduc  Laurence Vidal  Kazuyo Tachikawa  Edouard Bard 《Quaternary Research》2009,72(1):123-126

Latitudinal movements of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), analogous to its present-day seasonal shifts, and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-type variability both potentially impacted rainfall changes at the millennial timescale during the last glacial period. In this study we compare tropical Pacific sedimentary records of paleoprecipitation to decipher which climate mechanism was responsible for the past rainfall changes. We find that latitudinal movements of the ITCZ are consistent with the observed rainfall patterns, challenging the ENSO hypothesis for explaining the rapid rainfall changes at low latitudes. The ITCZ-related mechanism appears to reflect large-scale atmospheric rearrangements over the tropical belt, with a pronounced Heinrich-Dansgaard/Oeschger signature. This observation is coherent with the simulated tropical rainfall anomalies induced by a weakening of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation in modeling experiments.  相似文献   

石笋氧同位素指示东亚季风大尺度环流特征   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

何璐瑶  胡超涌  黄俊华  谢树成  王焰新 《第四纪研究》2009,29(5):950-956

利用湖北清江和尚洞的两支具有精确年代的年层石笋,建立了20世纪逐年的石笋氧同位素序列,讨论东亚季风石笋氧同位素的气候指示意义。与现代气象观测资料对比,发现近100年来和尚洞石笋 δ18O 与当地年总降水量和年均温度的相关性并不显著,但与指示东亚季风环流特征的西太平洋副热带高压指数(WPSH)以及相对应的太平洋年代际振荡指数(PDO)相关性好。在年际和年代际尺度上,当太平洋年代际振荡处于正(负)相位时,副热带高压加强(减弱),石笋的 δ18O 相对偏正(负)。因而,石笋 δ18O 反映了东亚季风大尺度环流特征。  相似文献   

海气耦合对MJO数值模拟的影响     

赵雨晴  凌健 《气候与环境研究》2020,25(4):353-365

采用一种基于降水异常追踪MJO（Madden–Julian Oscillation）东传的MJO识别方法（MJO Tracking）评估了参与MJOTF/GASS（MJO Task Force/Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment Atmospheric System Study）全球模式比较计划的全海气耦合模式（CNRM-CM）、半海气耦合模式（CNRM-ACM）和大气模式（CNRM-AM）1991～2010年模拟MJO的能力,探究了海气耦合过程对模式模拟MJO能力的影响机理。CNRM-CM模式模拟的MJO结构更加接近观测,该模式不仅具有最高的MJO生成频率,也能够模拟较强的MJO强度以及较远的传播距离。海气耦合过程会造成CNRM-CM和CNRM-ACM模式中印度洋—太平洋暖池区域海温气候态的冷偏差。但是这种海温气候态的偏差基本没有改变模式模拟MJO的能力。CNRM-CM中MJO对流中心东（西）侧存在较强的季节内尺度海温暖（冷）异常,纬向梯度明显,而CNRM-ACM和CNRM-AM中不存在这样的海温东西不对称结构。结果表明在CNRM模式中海气耦合过程调控模式海温季节内尺度变率对模式MJO模拟能力的影响比调控模式海温气候态更加重要。  相似文献