Sill dynamics and fjord deep water renewal: Idealized modeling study     

Dmitri Leonov  Mitsuhiro Kawase 《Continental Shelf Research》2009

Fjord exchange circulation and its response to abrupt changes in forcing is examined by means of an idealized modeling experiment. Puget Sound, a fjord-type estuary in western North America (State of Washington), is the main context for this study. Parameters of the idealized model are representative of the entrance sill at Admiralty Inlet and the Main Basin of Puget Sound. Sensitivity to some of the model parameters relevant to a 3D realistic model is discussed. An idealized tidal forcing with fortnightly modulation drives a qualitatively realistic cycle of exchange circulation while the other boundary conditions are kept fixed in time. The cycle is characterized by fortnightly pulses of deep water intrusions with a sharp front at the leading edge and reversed circulation cells below the sill depth developing between the intrusions. This basic state is then perturbed and response of the circulation to abrupt changes in oceanic salinity and river discharge is examined.  相似文献   

1986－2006年抚顺大风特征分析及预报   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

吴春英  孙桂双  张昱  马晓颖 《气象与环境学报》2008,24(5):42-47

选取1986－2006年抚顺地区3个测站地面自记风资料,探讨抚顺地区大风的时空分布规律。结果表明：近20 a抚顺地区大风有多个高值年和低值年,平均7－8年为1个波段,2002年后大风日数明显减少。春季大风最多,冬季最少。根据环流形势特征,将大风分为两高夹低型、东高西低型、西高东低型和中小尺度型4种天气环流类型。建立了偏南大风、偏北大风和中小尺度型大风的预报指标和预报方法,为大风预报提供依据。选取2001－2006年40次大风观测数据进行预报效果检验,预报正确率为62％,检验效果较好。  相似文献   

象山港盐度分布和水体混合I.盐度分布和环流结构   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

董礼先  苏纪兰 《海洋与湖沼》2000,31(2):151-158

利用１９８１—１９９０年的实测水文资料分析了象山港与混合密切相关的盐度分布和环流结构,并对盐度锋面出现成因进行了探讨。研究结果表明,象山港盐度受长江冲淡水活动影响较大,冬、夏口门附近盐度分别为２４—２５左右和３１以上,湾顶附近盐度季节变化不大。冬季湾内盐度空间梯度较小。夏季湾内有两个盐度锋面出现,水体垂向略有层化但并无明显的跃层出现。此外,象山港狭湾内以重力环流为主,狭湾外以水平环流为主。  相似文献   

辽宁地区夏季高温极值预测模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李娇  任国玉  任玉玉  沈志超  孙秀宝 《气象与环境学报》2012,28(6):50-57

利用1957-2006年辽宁地区夏季23站极端最高气温资料和国家气候中心气候监测室的74项环流特征量资料,应用EOF方法对高温极值样本进行分解,研究辽宁极端高温的时空分布规律。结果表明：第一特征向量表现为区域整体一致的特征,中心区位于辽西北、辽北,第二、三特征向量空间分布表现为东西部反位相和南北反位相的特征。普查了前3个时间系数与前期环流指数的相关关系,认为前3个时间系数的显著影响因子是不同的。采用CSC准则确定最优预测因子,分别建立各时间系数的回归统计模型,并对高温极值历史拟合序列进行回报检验和预测检验。回报结果表明,各站的历史拟合率都保持在一定水平,但拟合率在辽西地区较差。各年的历史拟合率极不均衡,多数年份较为稳定,但个别年份拟合率较低。未来3 a试验性预测效果逐年下降,模型对未来1 a预测能力较好,可以作为业务预测的参考。  相似文献   

Structure of the Indian Ocean Meridional Overturning Circulation and its relationship with the zonal wind stress     

LI YaoKun  CHAO JiPing 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(2):351-358

We studied the structure of the Indian Ocean(IO)Meridional Overturning Circulation(MOC)by applying a nonlinear inertia theory and analyzed the coupled relationship between zonal wind stress and MOC anomalies.Our results show that the inertia theory can represent the main characteristics of the IO MOC:the subtropical cell(STC)and cross-equator cell(CEC).The stream function in equatorial and northern IO changes a sign from winter to summer.The anomalies of the zonal wind stress and stream function can be decomposed into summer monsoon mode,winter monsoon mode,and abnormal mode by using the singular vector decomposition(SVD)analysis.The first two modes correlate with the transport through 20°S and equator simultaneously whereas the relationship obscures between the third mode and transports across 20°S and equator,showing the complex air-sea interaction process.The transport experiences multi-time scale variability according to the continuous power spectrum analysis,with major periods in inter-annual and decadal scale.  相似文献   

2009年隆冬辽宁雨转暴雪和大雪过程对比分析          下载免费PDF全文

赵雅轩  梁军  石小龙  朱晶  刘小初 《气象与环境学报》2010,26(5):30-35

针对辽宁2009年2月中旬旬初雨转暴雪过程和旬末大雪过程,利用常规观测资料和NCEP 10×10 逐6 h分析资料,从环流形势、影响系统、水汽和动力条件及热力结构等方面入手,对这两次过程进行对比分析。结果表明：这两次过程在许多方面显著不同。两次过程均发生在乌山阻高稳定的形势下,均受中纬度东移的中尺度低值系统影响,但雨转暴雪过程中高纬度为两脊一槽型,中纬度短槽与南支低槽结合携强冷空气东移,与低空急流在辽宁上空交汇。大雪过程为东低西高型,中纬度气旋性波动东移,切变线北抬过程中与西南暖湿气流作用影响辽宁。两次过程均发生在600 hPa以下相对湿度为80%以上的大气中,均具有低层辐合高层辐散的特征和深厚的上升运动,但雨转暴雪过程水汽含量更高,辐合层更深厚、强度更强,垂直速度较大雪过程大一个量级;两次过程都有明显的风垂直切变特征,但雨转暴雪过程发生在风垂直切变迅速增大的条件下,大雪过程风垂直切变相对稳定;雨转暴雪过程降水随湿位涡的发展而增强,两者有较好的对应关系,而大雪过程湿位涡表现微弱;雨转暴雪过程槽前0 ℃层达到850 hPa,槽后各层温度迅速下降至0 ℃以下,而大雪过程整层温度始终在0 ℃以下。  相似文献   

2003年夏季长江中下游地区异常高温的分析   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

彭海燕  周曾奎  赵永玲  魏建苏  杨秋明 《气象科学》2005,25(4):355-361

2003年我国和世界范围内，部分地区出现了盛夏异常高温天气。本文主要从环流特征和南京近百年气温资料，以江苏为主的长江中下游地区出现的异常高温成因，作了天气和气候的分析。经研究分析，造成2003年异常高温时段的副热带高压形势是符合历史同期出现高温天气的环流特征的。唯2003年高温时段的副热带高压的强度较历史同期显著偏强。从气候方面分析，2003年盛夏南京地区出现的高温天气仍未突破近百年来出现高温年的历史纪录。就南京地区而言，无论是7月下旬～8月上旬的持续高温，还是8月中旬紧接而来的低温冷夏天气，都显示出大气环流的演变特征和历史同期的气候特征。  相似文献   

近年影响桂林的台风暴雨动力热力特征及日本数值预报产品检验   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11  

薛荣康 《广西气象》2005,26(2):9-13

对近年造成桂林台风暴雨的大中尺度环流背景形势作了分析，着重对比分析了尤特和黄蜂台风暴雨的热力、动力特征，对比结果表明：高空槽云系与台风倒槽云系叠加造成的暴雨远比单纯的台风环流造成的暴雨严重，说明中低纬天气系统的相互作用能造成暴雨的增幅。同时检验了日本数值预报产品对台风暴雨预报能力，结果表明：日本数值预报产品对台风环流本身造成暴雨有较好预报能力。  相似文献   

Onset of the Iberian upwelling along the Galician coast     

R. Torres  E.D. Barton 《Continental Shelf Research》2007

Through a set of observations including satellite, cruise and mooring data during May-July 1997 the transition between the downwelling and upwelling regimes off Galicia has been characterized. The poleward flow, typical of downwelling, was associated with a series of mesoscale eddies and interacted with coastal freshwater inputs. The poleward flow along the continental slope was separated into an offshore branch and a nearshore branch by a well-defined equatorward flow and both associated with a prominent salinity maximum. With the onset of upwelling-favorable winds, equatorward flow was established over the entire shelf. At the same time, a buoyant, warm surface layer spread out over the shelf from the Rías as water previously forced in by southerly winds was flushed out by the upwelling winds. The completed transition to summertime coastal upwelling took place after the cruise but was evident in satellite images. A conceptual model is used to demonstrate that the coastal orientation with respect to the upwelling winds enhances offshore flow outside the Rías and displaces the poleward flow offshore after several days of upwelling.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) Variability in a Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere GCM简   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Boyin HUANG  ZHU Jiang  YANG Haijun 《大气科学进展》2014,31(2):241-251

The mechanisms involved in the variability of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation （AMOC） are studied using a 2000-yr control simulation of the coupled Fast Ocean-Atmosphere Model （FOAM）.This study identifies a coupled mode between SST and surface heat flux in the North Atlantic at the decadal timescale,as well as a forcing mode of surface heat flux at the interannual timescale.The coupled mode is regulated by AMOC through meridional heat transport.The increase in surface heating in the North Atlantic weakens the AMOC approximately 10 yr later,and the weakened AMOC in turn decreases SST and sea surface salinity.The decreased SST results in an increase in surface heating in the North Atlantic,thus forming a positive feedback loop.Meanwhile,the weakened AMOC weakens northward heat transport and therefore lowers subsurface temperature approximately 19 yr later,which prevents the AMOC from weakening.In the forcing mode,the surface heat flux leads AMOC by approximately 4 yr.  相似文献