粗糙冷岛宽度与布局对局地气候影响的数值研究     

余晖  杨舵 《南京气象学院学报》1997,20(2):165-170

利用一个二维大气模式，研究粗糙冷岛宽度与布局对局地气候的影响问题。结果表明：粗糙冷岛激发的局地环流随其宽度的变化表现出３种流型－单环流型，双上升单下沉型，双环流型。存在４０－５０ｋｍ左右的临界宽度ｄｃ，当粗糙冷岛宽度ｄ〈ｄｃ时，粗糙冷岛激发的局地环流随ｄ的增加而明显增强；而ｄ〉ｄｃ时，局地环流随ｄ的增国变化不大，甚至趋向准定常。  相似文献   

贵州大厂锑矿有机质与有机成矿作用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

叶造军  施继锡 《矿物学报》1997,17(3):310-315

用有机地球化学方法对矿区与右江盆地有机质的分析研究表明，容矿的大厂层有机碳与锑含量相对较高；有机包裹体主要是气态烃包裹体与沥青包裹体，在气态烃包裹体中含0％～30％的液态烃，发暗黄色荧光；有机气相成分中四种烷烃甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、丁烷均有显示；从主成矿期萤石中的沥青及右江盆地再沉积火山碎屑岩中的干酪根的生物标志物测定结果来看，二者在正烷烃、类异戊二烯烷烃、萜烷与甾烷标志物特征上较为接近，表明右江盆地沉积物中的有机质与锑矿中的有机质有亲缘关系。模拟实验证明原油对锑有较强的萃取迁移能力；而有机质在锑成矿过程中主要起三方面的作用：淋滤、萃取迁移及还原沉淀。  相似文献   

Modelling of soil temperature profiles using data from the pilot experiment at Anand     

B Joseph  P Goswami 《Journal of Earth System Science》1996,105(2):191-195

We present some preliminary results from a multi-layer soil temperature finite-difference model using the data set obtained during the pilot experiment on land surface processes at Anand. We hope that the present results will prove useful during the final field experiments scheduled for the coming monsoon season.  相似文献   

镍钼在黑色岩系中富集成因的实验研究     

朱笑青  王中刚 《大地构造与成矿学》1996,20(4):368-374

对湘西和黔北早寒武世含Ｎｉ、Ｍｏ等多金属黑色岩系进行了淋滤实验。实验分别模拟了普通雨水、富ＣＯ２气雨水及酸性雨水三种不同淋滤条件。实验表明，黑色岩系中Ｍｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｖ等元素是比较容易被淋滤出的，尤其是在酸性雨水条件下，它们的带出强度最大。本实验为镍钼富集层的成因及寻找类似的矿床提供了依据。＊据（１９６２）。图３实验样品在不同雨水淋滤条件下各个元素带出强度的比较Ｆｉｇ．３Ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙｏｆｔｈａｔｔｈｅｖａｒｉｏｕｓｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｉｎｓａｍｐｌｅｓｉｓｌｅａｃｋｅｄｏｕｔｂｙｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｒａｉｎｗａｔｅｒｓ从图３上可以看出，不同元素的带出强度有着明显的差别。例如带出强度最大的钼与其最小的铝可以相差４～５个数量级。现代空气雨水与饱含ＣＯ２气的雨水对样品淋滤强度的图形基本相似，也就是它们对各种元素的带出强度是相似的。而酸性度很大的雨水则明显地增强了多数元素的带出强度。值得注意的是钼在上述实验的任何条件下都能被强烈的带出，这是因为在表生条件的氧化作用下，Ｍｏ４＋可氧化为Ｍｏ６＋，形成溶解度较高的钼酸或钼酸盐，在溶液中搬运或呈胶体形式迁移，而在还原条件下，在有机质及铁硫化物大量存?  相似文献   

席状岩浆房中的岩浆冷却及动力稳定性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张正阶  宋谢炎 《岩石学报》1996,12(1):1-16

关于岩浆房中岩浆的结晶分异方式一直存在着争议，其基本矛盾在于对岩浆冷却历史及热不稳定性可能引起的对流形式的理解各不相同。本文在充分考虑席状岩浆房的基本物理特征的基础上，建立了稳定岩浆体系的动态冷却模型，并以攀枝花层状岩体为例，计算了相应的温度场、密度场及粘度场。同时，提出了一种基于能量守恒的、对热不稳定性进行分析的新方法。计算了热不稳定性可能引起的对流强度、对流区域及对流时间，并深入讨论了在一定的热不稳定状态下，不同的岩浆屈服强度对对流特征参量的影响。结果表明，在该岩体的整个固化过程中，如果曾发生过自发对流，其对流也是极微弱而短暂的，不会影响中下部岩浆房中岩浆的固化和结晶。这一结论与对该岩体的实际观察相符。  相似文献   

裂隙岩体渗流与应力耦合的试验研究   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

张玉卓  张金才 《岩土力学》1997,18(4):59-62

通过对较大尺寸的裂隙岩体试块进行不同侧压力和加载条件下的渗流试验结果研究，分析了裂隙岩体渗流与应力的耦合机理，得出了不同应力条件下裂隙岩体渗流量与应力成四次方的关系。并且得出并非压应力都引起裂隙岩体的渗流量减小，当裂隙岩体受平行于裂隙面方向的单向压应力时，渗流量随着压应力的增加而增加。  相似文献   

Laboratory and Numerical Studies of the Convective Boundary Layer Capped by a Strong Inversion     

Yuji Ohya  Takanori Uchida 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2004,112(2):223-240

The convective boundary layer (CBL) with a wide range of stability is simulated experimentally using a thermally stratified wind tunnel, and numerically by direct numerical simulation (DNS). The turbulence structures and flow characteristics of various CBL flows, capped by a strong temperature inversion and affected by surface shear, are investigated. The various vertical profiles of turbulence statistics similar to those from the observed CBL in the field are successfully simulated in both the wind-tunnel experiment and in DNS. The comparison of the wind-tunnel data and DNS results with those of atmospheric observations and water-tank studies shows the crucial dependence of the turbulence statistics in the upper part of the layer on the strength of the inversion layer, as well as the modification of the CBL turbulence regime by the surface shear.  相似文献   

Numerical Studies with a Regional Atmospheric Climate Model Based on Changes in the Roughness Length for Momentum and Heat Over Antarctica     

C. H. Reijmer  E. Van Meijgaard  M. R. Van Den Broeke 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2004,111(2):313-337

A regional atmospheric climate model is used toexamine the effect of changes in the roughnesslengths of momentum (_z0m) and heat (_z0h)on the structure of the lower atmosphere and on thesurface energy fluxes over Antarctica. Fourexperiments were carried out in which _z0mand/or _z0h were altered with respect to acontrol experiment. The changes consisted of (1) alowering of _z0m from a field aggregated froma vegetation map with an orographic correction basedon the European Centre for Medium-Range WeatherForecasts _z0m field, to a constant value of10^-3 m; and (2) a lowering of _z0h from a valueequal to _z0m to a constant value of 10^-3 mor a value dependent on the wind speed via a surfacerenewal model. A reduction of _z0m results in theexpected increase in near-surface wind speed. It alsoresults in an increase in the depth of the layer in whichsouth-easterly near-surface winds prevail, and in adecrease in the strength of the large-scale flow overthe continent, in particular in summer. In theescarpment region a decrease of _z0m is foundto result in too high wind speeds. Surface temperatureson average decrease while atmospheric temperaturesincrease, resulting in an increase of near-surfacestatic stability. Changes in roughness lengths donot significantly change the temperature profiles.The surface fluxes, on average found reduced, aremodelled best by using the _z0h based on thesurface renewal method.  相似文献   

The Influence of CO on the Carbon Isotopic Composition of CH_4 in Closed Pyrolysis Experiment With Coal     

刘全有  刘文汇 《中国地球化学学报》2004,23(4)

1IntroductionThecarbonisotopiccompositionofnaturalgasesisregardedasacontanttracerusedinthegeochemicalresearchofnaturalgases .Basedonthecarbonisotopiccomposition ,thegenetictypesofnaturalgasesarebasicallydividedtodeterminethematurationofnaturalgasesandmakegas sourcecorrelations (Stahl,1 973;StahlandCarey ,1 975;Stahletal.,1 977;James ,1 983;Schoell,1 983,1 988;DaiJinxingetal.,1 992 ;FuJiamoetal.,1 992 ;XuYongchang ,1 994 ) .Theformationofnaturalgasescouldbededucedintermsofcarbonisotopicvar…  相似文献   

泉州市地震应急与救援工作体系的建设     

Quanzhou seismological bureau of Fujian province 《福建地震》2004,(1)

本文简要介绍泉州市地震局依靠各级政府、有关部门和全社会的共同努力 ,以落实地震应急预案为楔机促进“预、防、救”三大体系工全面发展的工作经验 :一、以落实《地震应急预案》为抓手 ,争取项目 ,以项目带动一切 ;二、结合社会转型全面加大防震减灾知识宣传力度 ;三、不以经费的来源划分你我 ,动员全社会的力量建立健全预警应急机制。  相似文献