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51.
Colin R. Ward John C. Taylor C. E. Matulis L. S. Dale 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2001,46(2-4)
The mineral matter in the eight reference North American coal samples of the Argonne Premium Coal series has been investigated on a quantitative basis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. X-ray diffraction data obtained from electronic low-temperature (oxygen–plasma) ash (LTA) residues, from ashes produced by heating the coals in air at 370°C, and also from the raw coals themselves, were evaluated using an interactive data processing system (
™) based on Rietveld interpretation methods. The results from the three types of material (LTA, 370°C ash and raw coal) were compared for each sample. This allowed the components present in the raw coals in crystalline form to be recognised separately from mineral artifacts produced, particularly in the low-rank coals, from interaction of organically associated elements (Ca, S, etc.) during the two ashing processes.After the allowance for the production of any artifacts, the quantitative mineral assemblages identified from XRD of the raw coals were found to be consistent, even for coals having a relatively low ash percentage (around 5%), with the results obtained from the respective mineral concentrates prepared by the ashing methods. The effects of heating the coal to 370°C could also be distinguished, relative to the raw coal or the LTA, through changes in components such as pyrite and the clay minerals.Although some areas of uncertainty exist, particularly with magnesium in the low-rank coals, the calculated chemical compositions of the coal ash derived from the mineral mixtures identified for each coal were also found to be consistent with the results of direct chemical analysis of the respective coal ash materials. 相似文献
52.
The coal deposits of southern Africa (Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe) are reviewed. The coal seams formed during two periods, the Early Permian (Artinskian–Kungurian) and the Late Permian (Ufimian–Kazanian). The coals are associated with non-marine terrestrial clastic sedimentary sequences, most commonly mudrock and sandstones, assigned to the Karoo Supergroup. The Early Permian coals are most commonly sandstone-hosted while the younger coals typically occur interbedded with mudstones. The sediments were deposited in varying tectono-sedimentary basins such as foreland, intracratonic rifts and intercratonic grabens and half-grabens. The depositional environments that produced the coal-bearing successions were primarily deltaic and fluvial, with some minor shoreline and lacustrine settings. Coals vary in rank from high-volatile bituminous to anthracite and characteristically have a relatively high inertinite component, and medium- to high-ash content. In countries where coal is mined, it is used for power generation, coking coal, synfuel generation, gasification and for (local) domestic household consumption. 相似文献
53.
54.
依据密度测井资料评估煤层的含气量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
煤层甲烷长期以来认为是对采煤工作的危害,只是近十多年来才被认为是一种潜在的能源。煤层不仅是甲烷的储层,而且是甲烷的源岩。煤的物理结构是一种双重孔隙结构,即煤层中含有由基质孔隙和裂缝孔隙组成的孔隙系统。煤层中的气(甲烷)主要吸附在基质孔隙的内表面,是吸附气,而不是存在于骨架粒间的孔隙空间内,因而传统的评价天然气储层含气量的方法虽然不能适合于评估煤层的气含量。本文利用密度测井资料和煤样煤质化验资料确定 相似文献
55.
塘冲矿井的大量井巷地质资料与原勘探精查报告对比分析表明,原精查报告内容与实际情况有较大出入,特别是控煤褶皱、断裂,煤层厚度与储量等方面,都存在较大差异,对矿山采矿影响颇大。究其原因,可能是勘查阶段受规范和技术手段等的限制,使原报告精度不够。因此,本文提出改进勘探方法,完善规范,提高勘查精度和加强煤矿生产补充勘探,都显得十分重要。 相似文献
56.
煤古植物学:历史、现状与展望 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
据对50年来的文献分析,简要评述了煤古植物学这一分支学科的产生背景,研究现状和未来发展趋势;并指出,煤古植物学尽管有广泛的应用前景,但由于受研究方法和研究手段的限制,它仍处于发展的初级阶段。 相似文献
57.
对砚石台地区地层构造及滑覆构造组成要素、特征、形成机制进行了系统分析,论述了滑覆构造对煤层的影响,预测了-500m标高以下构造形态,提出-500m标高以下无须工作的建议。 相似文献
58.
根据30多年矿井生产实测资料,对中梁山煤矿地质构造进行了分析研究,认为该矿地质构造虽然复杂,但也具有一定的规律,可分为简单、中等、复杂等不同构造区,大断层虽较多但对矿井开采影响不大,只是小型压扭性断层对采矿造成一定困难,故提出开采时应对症下药及保护资源的建议。 相似文献
59.
R. Singh J. K. Singh T. N. Singh B. B. Dhar 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1995,13(2):63-78
Summary A number of field and laboratory tests have been carried out on more than 15 coal seams of compressive strengths ranging from 19 MPa to 44 MPa to evolve methods which would help in the selection of suitable coaling machines for hard coal seams. The effect of physico-mechanical properties on cuttability were studied in the laboratory for all these coal seams to identify the relevant parameters affecting the specific energy of coal cuttability. These data were subjected to regression analysis to find the best fit for estimation of laboratory specific energy of coal samples on the basis of simple laboratory and field tests for the strength parameters. Field studies were also conducted over a large number of active mechanized coal faces to study in situ cuttability along with the geo-mining conditions of the site. The field and the laboratory data so generated were correlated and an attempt is made to establish a relationship for estimating the field specific energy for a particular capacity of coaling machines by considering the geo-mining domain of the field in totality. 相似文献
60.