Mawson and Mirnyy Stations: the spatiality of the Australian Antarctic Territory, 1954–61     

Christy Collis 《The Australian geographer》2007,38(2):215-231

This article focuses on the spatiality of the Australian Antarctic Territory in the important 1954–61 period. Attending particularly to three key components of polar spatiality—geopolitics, international territorial law, and the built environment—the article analyses the development of the Territory as a unique Australian space. The 1954–61 period is particularly significant: during this period, the International Geophysical Year brought an unprecedented number of people to Antarctica; the continent's first permanent colonies were constructed; and, despite Cold War tensions, the 1961 Antarctic Treaty established the spatial configurations and rules which continue to govern the continent today. The article focuses particularly on two key stations in the Territory constructed during this period: Australia's Mawson Station and the Soviet Mirnyy Station. Mawson is a legal colony, designed to cement Australia's claim to 42 per cent of the Antarctic continent; Mirnyy, in contrast, is an anti-colony, designed to reject Australia's claim. How the individual spatialities of these two stations articulate to the broader politics of Antarctic territoriality—and particularly Australia's claim to the Australian Antarctic Territory—is the focus of this article.  相似文献   

Characteristics of seasonal and spatial variations of primary production over the southeastern Bering Sea shelf   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

TaeKeun Rho  Terry E. Whitledge 《Continental Shelf Research》2007,27(20):2556-2569

In situ primary production data collected during 1978–1981 period and 1997–2000 period were combined to improve understanding of seasonal and spatial distribution of primary production in the southeastern Bering Sea. Mean daily primary production rates showed an apparent seasonal cycle with high rates in May and low rates in summer over the entire shelf of the southeastern Bering Sea except for oceanic region due to lack of data. There was also an increasing trend of primary production rates in the fall over the inner shelf and the middle shelf. There was a decreasing trend of primary production rates between late April and mid-May over the inner shelf while there was an abrupt increase between late April and mid-May over the middle shelf and the outer shelf. In the shelf break region, there was an increasing pattern in late May. These suggest that there was a gradual progression of the development of the spring phytoplankton bloom from the inner shelf toward the shelf break region. There was also a latitudinal variability of primary production rate over the middle shelf, probably due to either spatial variations of the seasonal advance and retreat of sea ice or horizontal advection of saline water in the bottom layer. Annual rates of primary production across the southeastern Bering Sea shelf were 121, 150, 145, 110, and 84 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹ in the inner shelf, the middle shelf, the outer shelf, the shelf break, and oceanic region, respectively. High annual rates of primary production over the inner shelf can be attributed to continuous summer production based on regenerated nitrogen and/or a continuous supply of nitrogen at the inner front region, and to fall production. There were some possibilities of underestimation of annual primary production over the entire shelf due to lack of measurement in early spring and fall, which may be more apparent over the shelf break and oceanic region than the inner shelf, the middle, and the outer shelf. This study suggests that the response of primary production by climate change in the southeastern Bering Sea shelf can be misunderstood without proper temporal and seasonal measurement.  相似文献   

Andean evolution at the Guañacos and Chos Malal fold and thrust belts (36°30′–37°s)     

Andrs Folguera  Víctor A. Ramos  Toms Zapata  Mauro G. Spagnuolo 《Journal of Geodynamics》2007,44(3-5):129-148

The Andes between 36°30′ and 37°S represent a Cretaceous fold and thrust belt strongly reactivated in the late Miocene. Most of the features that absorbed Neogene shortening were already uplifted in the late Cretaceous, as revealed by field mapping and confirmed by previous fission track analysis. This Andean section is formed by two sectors: a western-inner sector generated by the closure of the upper Oligocene-lower Miocene intra-arc Cura Mallín basin between the middle and late Miocene (Guañacos fold and thrust belt), and an eastern-outer sector, where late Triassic-early Jurassic extensional depocenters were exhumed in two discrete phases of contraction, in the latest early Cretaceous and late Miocene to the Present, respectively (Chos Malal fold and thrust belt). Late Miocene deformation has not homogeneously reactivated Cretaceous compressive structures, being minimal south of 37°30′S through the eastern-outer sector (southern continuation of the Chos Malal fold and thrust belt). The reason for such an inhomogeneous deformational evolution seems to be related to the development of a late Miocene shallow subduction regime between 34°30′ and 37°45′S, as it was proposed in previous studies. This shallow subduction zone is evidenced by the eastward expansion of the arc that was accompanied by the eastern displacement of the orogenic front at these latitudes. As a result, the Cretaceous fold and thrust belt were strongly reactivated north of 37°30′S producing the major topographic break along the Southern Central Andes.  相似文献   

几种Q矢量的比较   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

岳彩军  寿绍文 《南京气象学院学报》2002,25(4):525-532

利用 1 991 - 0 7- 0 5T2 0— 0 6T2 0一次江淮梅雨锋暴雨过程实况资料 ,结合地面降水分布 ,从定性 (矢量场 ,即 Q)、定量 (散度场 ,即 2 · Q)的角度细致、具体地比较分析了准地转 Q矢量、半地转 Q矢量、非地转 Q矢量及湿 Q矢量的诊断特性。结果表明 :半地转 Q矢量诊断能力优越于准地转 Q矢量。非地转 Q矢量、湿 Q矢量诊断能力明显优越于准地转 Q矢量、半地转 Q矢量。准地转 Q矢量诊断能力最差 ;从定性的角度分析 ,非地转 Q矢量与湿 Q矢量诊断能力相差不大。但进一步定量分析发现 ,在整个梅雨锋暴雨过程中 ,湿 Q矢量的诊断能力大于其他 Q矢量 ;70 0 h Pa高度上各 Q矢量的矢量、散度辐合区较其在 850 h Pa和 50 0 h Pa上对降水反映更好 ,尤其是70 0 h Pa湿 Q矢量散度辐合区与降水区有非常好的对应关系。  相似文献   

山东省飞机增雨天气系统云水资源转化特征分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

龚佃利  边道相 《气象》2002,28(8):15-19

利用水汽辐合法和水汽凝结法，对山东省1997－1999年春秋季18个降水过程的水汽辐合率、凝结率及降水效率等表征云水资源及其转化的特征量进行计算。分析了南方气旋、西北冷锋等主要降水天气系统以上特征量的地域分布和差别。可为人工增雨作业区域选择和航线设计提供气候背景。  相似文献   

对梅雨锋降水云微物理结构的摄像探空观测和分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨静  王鹏云  杨绍忠  徐宝祥 《气象》2002,28(2):3-8

利用球载摄像空仪对梅雨锋降水云微物理结构进行了观测，得到云中5类型粒子（冰晶、霰、雪片、冻滴、雨滴）直径、数浓度、质量浓度的垂直分布及各高度层上的温、压、湿分布。对观测结果的分析表明：在梅雨锋雨带的对流云团中，冰晶、霰和雪片对降水形成起着重要作用。  相似文献   

一种层析成像的正演和反演方法   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

杨旭明  王克斌 《物探化探计算技术》2002,24(4):337-340

作者在本文中提出了一种层析成像的正演和反演方法，首先对求解区作网络划分，由给定的正演速度模型在网格点上双线性插值，获得整个网格节点的速度分布，然后，对波阵面作一近似，在此基础上，用最小走时最短路径射线追踪法完成正演，反演则是通过正演的方法实现的，理论模型算例表明，本方法效果较好。  相似文献   

边界层内冷锋流场的动力学特征     

赵鸣 《气象学报》2001,59(3):271-279

文中求解了锋面存在时地转动量近似下的大气边界层运动方程 ,得到了边界层内冷锋流场的一些特征 ,如冷锋坡度随地转涡度增加而增加 ,随地转风速时间倾向的增加而增加 ,随沿锋面传播方向的热成风分量的减少而增加。而边界层内冷锋面上下的流场与锋面坡度、地转风及其时空变化特征有关 ,共同特点是在冷锋面高度以下有下滑运动 ,而其上有一层上滑运动区。  相似文献   

濮阳市11月份寒潮天气预报     

刘九玲  高志军等 《河南气象》2001,(3):9-10

利用1965-1995年天气图和气象观测资料，分析了濮阳市11月份寒潮的时空分布特征、路径及天气形势，确定了预报指标。  相似文献   

珠江三角洲地区由海风锋触发形成的强对流天气过程分析   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

刘运策  庄旭东等 《应用气象学报》2001,12(4):433-441

使用自动气象站、雷达回波、卫星云图、常规天气图、探空和风廓线仪等有关观测资料, 普查了1998年7月上旬珠江三角洲地区8次由海风锋触发形成的强对流天气过程, 并对其中7月3日过程进行了综合分析, 归纳出该类强对流天气过程的一些活动特征和规律。  相似文献