强降雨条件下土质边坡瞬态稳定性分析   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

吴长富  朱向荣  尹小涛  刘雪梅 《岩土力学》2008,29(2):386-391

基于实际降雨气象资料,设计了单峰降雨和8个不同时间间隔的双峰降雨计算方案,利用非饱和土力学理论,对边坡的瞬态稳定性进行了计算和分析,研究了水分在坡体内的运移对边坡稳定性的时间空间影响效应,同时考察了降雨入渗造成的土性渗透特性的改变。分析发现：一次降雨的影响历时约12 d,降雨后约0.5 d该类土质边坡最危险;不同时间间隔的两次降雨对边坡稳定的影响比单峰降雨的最小安全系数滞后约0.3 d～0.8 d,影响历时基本保持不变;土体物理力学性质、边坡最危险滑动面及其对应的安全系数随水分在坡体内渗透运移而变化。  相似文献   

试论雁荡山岩石地貌     

陶奎元  沈加林  姜杨  余明刚 《岩石学报》2008,24(11):2647-2656

雁荡山岩石地貌由叠嶂、方山、石门、柱峰、锐峰、岩洞、天生桥和峡谷、涧溪、瀑、潭、湖等岩石地貌组合而成。其形成的地质学、岩石学基础是白垩破火山岩相与构造。不同类型地貌景观反映了这一破火山构造。断裂切割、重力崩塌与流水侵蚀是形成此类地貌的主要外动力地质作用。雁荡山岩石地貌在形态、成因和审美学意义上均有别于我国砂砾岩岩石地貌、碳酸岩岩石地貌和花岗岩岩石地貌。雁荡山地貌可作为流纹质火山岩地貌的代表。  相似文献   

人工合成烃类流体包裹体测温数据对石油地质的指示   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孟凡巍  倪培  丁俊英  刘吉强 《岩石学报》2008,24(9):1975-1980

石油地质中,通常使用流体包裹体的数据来恢复油气捕获时候的温度与压力。为了探讨这些温度和压力真实地质意义,我们通过设定的温度和压力人工合成烃类包裹体,并通过测量烃类包裹体和同期捕获的水包裹体的均一温度,来解释地质中的现象。  相似文献   

浙江省小流域山洪灾害临界雨量确定方法分析   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10  

叶勇  王振宇  范波芹 《水文》2008,28(1):56-58

小流域山洪灾害具有突发性,预测预警难度较大.本文结合浙江省小流域山洪灾害防御的实践经验,研究提出了以水位反推法计算临界雨量,简单实用,具有较好的实践价值和推广意义.  相似文献   

草莓红绿柱石(Pezzottaite)的晶体结构测定及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

廖尚宜  李国武  彭明生 《矿物学报》2008,28(4)

利用CCD单晶衍射仪对草莓红绿柱石进行晶体结构测定,测定其空间群为R3c,并讨论了结构中Li 有序地置换Be2 造成c/a值的变化特征。晶体中发现复三方偏三角面体的负晶包裹体,其宏观对称属m,它与空间群Rc相对应,但与测出晶体结构的空间群有矛盾。X射线结构测定已否定了其空间群为Rm的看法。要解决草莓红绿柱石晶体空间群是否有对称中心(Rc或Rc)的问题,还需进一步将X射线结构的数据及其有关的电性实验结合分析。  相似文献   

Reduction of hydroelastic responses of a very-long floating structure by a floating oscillating-water-column breakwater system     

D.C. Hong  S.Y. Hong  S.W. Hong 《Ocean Engineering》2006,33(5-6):610-634

The hydroelastic responses of a very-long floating structure (VLFS) placed behind a reverse T-shape freely floating breakwater with a built-in oscillating water column (OWC) chamber are analyzed in two dimensions. The Bernoulli–Euler beam equation is coupled with the equations of rigid and elastic motions of the breakwater and the VLFS. The interaction of waves between the floating rigid breakwater and the elastic VLFS is formulated in a consistent manner. It has been shown numerically that the structural deflections of the VLFS can be reduced significantly by a suitably designed reverse T-shape floating breakwater.  相似文献   

Circulation in the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea) during winter—spring     

Riyad Manasrah  H. Uli Lass  Wolfgang Fennel 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(2):219-225

This study is devoted to oceanographic features of the semi-enclosed Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. The data were recorded in winter—spring 1999 on the R/V Meteor cruise leg 44/2. Temperature and salinity profiles were measured at six positions (I—VI). The shipboard NarrowBand Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (NB ADCP) 150 kHz continuously recorded current profiles down to 350 m en route. The research revealed that the current near the Strait of Tiran front (position VI) represents a semidiurnal signal of an internal tide wave (∼12 h period; 0.2 ms⁻¹ amplitude) that might be generated by the barotropic tide at the sill of the Strait. A sequence of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddy pairs is found along the axis of the Gulf of Aqaba during winter-spring seasons. These sub-mesoscale signals are dominant above the main thermocline and might be caused by wind forcing and the narrowness of the Gulf; it might remain in other seasons with different dimensions in relation to the depth of thermocline. The total diameter of each pair was twice the baroclinic Rossby radius (R ≈ 10 km). A single anti-cyclonic eddy was observed in the upper 300 m in the northern tip of the Gulf with a diameter of about 5–8 km.  相似文献   

An optimized method for automated analysis of algal pigments by HPLC   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

M.A. van Leeuwe  L.A. Villerius  J. Roggeveld  R.J.W. Visser  J. Stefels 《Marine Chemistry》2006,102(3-4):267-275

A recent development in algal pigment analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the application of automation. An optimization of a complete sampling and analysis protocol applied specifically in automation has not yet been performed. In this paper we show that automation can only be successful if the various methodological aspects of the sampling and analysis protocol are considered in coherence. We introduce an optimized protocol that involves freeze-drying of the sample, subsequent extraction in 90% acetone and the application of water-packing during analysis. The method was evaluated on both natural plankton populations and a broad spectrum of microalgal cultures: Thalassiosira weisflogii (Bacillariophyceae), Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae), Phaeocystis globosa and Phaeocystis antarctica (Prymnesiophyceae) and Pyramimonas sp. (Prasinophyceae). Whereas pigment extracts were unstable in methanol, with recorded chlorophyll a losses from 10% to 60% per day, pigment degradation rates in acetone were generally less than 1% over 18 h storage in the autosampler (4 °C). In addition, it was found that the extraction efficiency of acetone significantly increased upon freeze-drying prior to extraction. Increases as high as 50–60% were measured in P. antarctica. The application of water-packing of the sample during injection resulted in improved peak shape and peak separation, without diluting the pigment concentrations. Automation is especially beneficial for application in the field, when mixed algal assemblages and low biomass put a high demand on the sensitivity as well as reproducibility of the method.  相似文献   

Acoustic semi-tomography in studies of the structure and function of the marine ecosystem     

Orlowski  Andrzej 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2003,60(6):1392-1397

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A Forced System of Two Cylinders with Various Spacings   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邹建锋  任安禄邓见 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(3):391-402

The spectrum characteristics and wake structures for a circular cylinder oscillating in a wake are investigated by use of the currently modified virtual boundary method. A forced system of two cylinders with a small spacing ( the downstream one is made to oscillate in the transverse direction) is studied and interesting flow characteristics are observed. A vortex switch and the change of vortex modes (between 2S mode and 2P mode) are observed in the “lock-in“ region. Vortex bands are formed and lost with the increasing excitation frequency. Information concerning saddle points in the flow field is obtained for different excitation frequencies. For a forced system of two cylinders with a large spacing, the upstream cylinder sheds vortexes because there is no downstream cylinder oscillating in the wake. No distinct “lock-in“ response is found for the downstream cylinder.  相似文献