西北小城镇的震害特点及防灾减灾     

雷中生  宋利萍  张蜜利  顾岩 《高原地震》2010,22(3):61-66

西北小城镇面临的地震高风险已成为人们关注的焦点。由于自然环境差、社会经济和城镇基础设施薄弱、民众文化素质低,加大了小城镇抢险救援的难度。另一方面,人口密度低、自救互救能力较强、震后引发的社会问题不突出,又成为有利的一面。了解西北小城镇的震害特点,有针对性地建立起防灾减灾对策,做好平时准备、震前防御、震时救援、震后重建的立体战略思想、战术和方法,就能很好地提高西北小城镇的综合防灾能力。  相似文献   

马鞍山-铜陵-安庆长江沿线上地壳速度结构成像     

田晓峰  王夫运  刘宝峰  杨卓欣  郑成龙  高占永 《中国地震研究》2016,30(3):430-438

利用安徽人工震源地下结构探测科学实验开展的三维高分辨探测数据,以及初至波走时成像技术,获得了沿长江一线上地壳速度结构成像结果。结果显示,沿长江从马鞍山至安庆,上地壳速度结构存在明显横向差异,沉积盖层厚度和浅表速度在该区呈现明显的隆升和坳陷相间的构造特征,显示了该区域中生代以来经历的隆升和伴随着岩浆活动的伸展作用。  相似文献   

Qualification of residential land from the viewpoint of liquefaction vulnerability     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2016

While the assessment of liquefaction potential by using borehole data has a long history since 1970s, its target users are still limited to professional engineers and experts. This situation is not favored by ordinary people who are seriously concerned with the reliability and preservation of their real estates during strong earthquakes. The demand of the people is that the liquefaction vulnerability of their residential land is precisely and clearly but concisely demonstrated so that people without engineering background can understand the real extent of risk. In this regard, the authors, under the governmental support, proposed a simple manifestation of the extent of liquefaction vulnerability of private houses in terms of the thickness of the surface unliquefiable crust and the vertical weighted average of the factor of safety or its equivalence. This achievement was made possible by introducing the ageing effects of soil on liquefaction resistance in addition to using geotechnical data base of subsoil conditions. During the work, it was found that existing borehole data may not be fully reliable and that experts who have sufficient knowledge of the local subsoil should assess the vulnerability. This requirement is satisfied by the qualification of special engineers that has been initiated by the Japanese Geotechnical Society in conjunction with several other institutions. The proposed method of subsoil qualification is used not only for individual residential land but also for regional hazard assessment.  相似文献   

云南宣威羊场煤矿资源潜力评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李德福 《云南地质》2009,28(2):176-178

羊场煤矿经50年开采,资源近于枯竭。通过地质调查和预测,提供可靠依据,为危机矿山新增储量,延长矿山服务年限。  相似文献   

Modeling the influence of water content on the mechanical behavior of Callovo–Oxfordian argillite     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2013

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基于ACCRBF网络的多层砖房震害预测   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨秀萍  程运平  陈克珩  丁大勇 《震灾防御技术》2013,8(1):90-96

针对传统震害预测方法逐栋抽样计算建筑物抗震性能的不足,本文提出了一种基于蚁群聚类径向基(ACCRBF)网络模型的建筑物震害预测方法。依据不同地震动峰值加速度下多层砖房的实际震害资料,对模型进行训练,在模型的输入和输出之间建立映射关系,并利用这种映射关系对未知样本进行分类,实现对多层砖房的震害分析和预测。模型的输入为反映结构的震害影响因子,输出为给定的地震动峰值加速度下结构震害等级。研究表明,基于ACCRBF网络模型的多层砖房震害预测结果与震害实例基本吻合,具有推广应用价值。  相似文献   

Contribution of ambient vibration recordings (free-field and buildings) for post-seismic analysis: The case of the Mw 7.3 Martinique (French Lesser Antilles) earthquake,November 29, 2007     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2013

Following the Mw 7.3 Martinique earthquake, November 29^th, 2007, a post-seismic survey was conducted by the Bureau Central Sismologique Français (BCSF) for macroseismic intensities assessment. In addition to the inventories, ambient vibration recordings were performed close to the particularly damaged zones in the free-field and the buildings. The objective of the paper is to show the relevancy of performing ambient vibration recordings for post-earthquake surveys. The analyses of the recordings aim at explaining the variability of the damages through site effects, structure vulnerability or resonance phenomena and to help the characterization of the post-seismic building integrity. In three sites prone to site effects, we suspect damage to be related to a concordance between soil fundamental frequency and building resonance frequency. Besides, the recordings of ambient vibrations at La Trinité hospital before and after the earthquake allow us to quantify the damage due to earthquake in terms of stiffness loss.  相似文献   

The Military Map of the United Kingdom and its Impact on Mapping in the Twentieth Century     

《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(4):324-331

Abstract

Considerable attention has been paid in the literature to the changing style of Ordnance Survey mapping in the twentieth century. However, little has been written about the origins of the characteristic appearance of the first multi-colour editions, other that the Ordnance Survey used a military edition that was already in production. The distinctive style grew out of the work of a committee established in 1892 by the War Office to consider future army requirements for a map of the UK. This paper explores the work of the committee and its long-term implications for the look of mapping in the twentieth century.  相似文献   

More than planning: Diversity and drivers of institutional adaptation under climate change in 96 major cities     

《Global Environmental Change》2021

A key challenge for effective, ongoing urban climate adaptation is to adapt institutions within urban governance. While an extensive foundation of empirical knowledge on urban climate adaptation has accumulated over the last decade, our image of institutional adaptation continues to be dominated by a focus on planning. Whilst understandable, this can obscure a fuller range of areas in which institutional adaptation to climate change is being pursued. Furthermore, methodological path dependency in large-N analysis via a common focus on analyzing formal planning documents risks a skewed perspective as such documents may only offer a partial view. Building on the rich range of work to date assessing climate adaptation in cities, and notwithstanding continued major gaps such as in small-medium cities, we now need to find ways to examine the diversity of institutional adaptation occurring in practice, and to comparatively draw on the situated interpretive knowledge of case experts within individual cities to do so. With this aim in mind, this paper explores institutional adaptation in a specific domain (urban water) in a sample of 96 major cities across six continents through a survey of 319 case experts, examining the diversity of institutional adaptation across contexts and exploratively probing its drivers. Findings show that multiple forms of institutional adaptation are being jointly pursued in cities across all continents, leaning towards ‘softer’ rather than ‘harder’ forms, but nonetheless revealing a wide range of activity. Patterns in drivers suggest a political explanation for institutional adaptation (e.g. involving change agents and political pressure) rather than a rational one (e.g. involving response to climate-related risks and/or extreme events). Overall, there is a need to combine parsimony with expanded interpretive sensibility in advancing large-N research on institutional adaptation diversity in comparative perspective.  相似文献   

建立高海拔矿山测量控制网的思路     

王云生 《云南地质》2012,(2):249-252

受海拔高、空气稀薄、气候无常、高差较大等自然条件的影响,高海拔地区进行测量作业与低海拔地区有很大差别。根据高海拔地区矿山特点,结合多年矿山控制测量、特别是高海拔矿山控制测量经验,讨论在高海拔地区矿山因地制宜地建立测量控制网的方法。  相似文献